O Bem Humano em Epicteto

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
Aldo Dinucci ◽  
Kelli Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Human Good

In this paper we will focus on the following points in Epictetus. First, we will concentrate our attention on the celebrated distinction between things up to us (eph’ hemin) and things not up to us (ouk eph’ hemin). Second, we will survey the distinction between the material (hyle) and its use. According to this distinction, all external things are not up to us and consequently have no intrinsic value, although, as materials for the capacity of choice, their use has value, since humans can use things well or badly. Third, we will demonstrate that the use of the materials corresponds to the use of presentations. Finally, we will present the three topics of Epictetus’ philosophy: the topic relative to desire, the topic relative to impulse and the topic relative to assent, being the first concerned with judgments about things and our desires; the second, about impulses and adequate actions; and the third, about assent and persuasiveness of presentations. The knowledge contained in these three topics constitute, for Epictetus, what we should know to make good use of presentations and, consequently, to achieve the human good, which is a capacity of choice according to nature that has at its disposal a comprehensive set of correct opinions about reality.

scholarly journals A PEER REVIEWED ONLINE COMPUTATIONAL MODELING FRAMEWORK

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter J. Mosterman ◽  
Don Bouldin ◽  
Andrzej Rucinski
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
The Third ◽  
Model Based

Along with theory and experimentation, computational simulation has become the third pillar of scientific discovery. While in industry computational modeling has seen application at an enterprise-wide level in the context of Model-Based Design, in academia models are typically still limited to isolated use by specialists. Once a project is completed, the intellectual property embodied by the model is lost. To harness the effort spent, a networked repository is proposed that stores peer-reviewed models. These models are evaluated whether they adhere to a set of quality requirements so they capture intrinsic value. This would facilitate the type of multi-disciplinary collaboration that is required to engineer the systems that have emerged and that continue to gain in importance. This work puts forward an outline of such a peer-reviewed online repository.

Nietzsche’s Genealogy: A Textbook Parody

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-166
Author(s):  
Andrew Inkpin
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
The Self ◽  
Internal Organization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ascetic Ideal ◽  
Genealogy Of Morals

Abstract Given its apparently scholarly form, the Genealogy of Morals is often read as a succinct, relatively systematic, and canonical exposition of Nietzsche’s mature views on morality. This article argues, however, that the work was intended as a parody of a scholarly treatise and examines how this parody is best understood. It begins by surveying some evidence that supports reading the Genealogy as a ‘textbook’ presentation of Nietzsche’s views. It then develops an exegetic case for reading it as a work of parody, based on the third essay’s claims about the ‘self-cancellation’ of truth-directed discourse and how to oppose the ascetic ideal, along with the Genealogy’s internal organization and its place in Nietzsche’s oeuvre. Finally, it examines whether this parody is best interpreted philosophically as having the force of a strong parody that denies the possibility of truth-directed enquiry or that of a weak parody denying the intrinsic value of such enquiry. Although reading it as a strong parody perhaps makes it more radical and potentially appealing, I argue that the Genealogy is best read as a weak parody, because this is both more tenable and suffices for the claims Nietzsche himself makes about the work’s aims and character.

scholarly journals Wartość wewnętrzna i wartość zewnętrzna

Etyka ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Galewicz
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Logical Relation ◽  
Extrinsic Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extrinsic Values

The topic of the article is the logical relation between things that are intrinsically good and things that are extrinsically good to value as such. Three main conceptions pertaining to this problem have been identified. In the first conception adverbs ,,intrinsic” and ,,extrinsic” specify which of the two meanings of the word “good” has been meant, and the terms “intrinsic value” and “extrinsic value” stand for two different meanings of the term “value”. In the second conception the two adverbs modify the meaning of the term “valuable” so much that the intrinsic value and the extrinsic values turn out to be two different kinds of value, or two different cases of value. In the third conception the two adverbs modify the sense of the word “good” and both the intrinsic and the extrinsic value is only a component of value and not two separate entities. The author argues in favor of the last conception.

scholarly journals Ambedkar’s Critique of Recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Jadumani Mahanand
Keyword(s):  
Good Life ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Human Good ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

Despite the democratic upsurge, the traditional social value system perpetuates oppression, humiliation and violence against the oppressed communities, groups and individuals. The oppressed community’s struggle for recognition then becomes necessary in order to be able to live a good life. The various theories of recognition aim towards establishing human good as a normative ethical ideal. However, the scope of existing theories of recognition is limited as they propose new values without adequately displacing the old ones. This creates a contradiction or incoherence within the theory. B. R. Ambedkar’s Annihilation of Caste exposes such a gap and seeks to devise a more capable normative alternative theory. The first part of this paper tries to problematize the idea of recognition. In the second part, it interrogates and engages with the different discourses of recognition. Finally, in the third part, it presents Ambedkar’s theory of recognition as a normative ideal, which encapsulates the project of emancipation.

Organic Unities and the Problem of Evil

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Michael J. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Problem Of Evil ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Organic Unities ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
State Of Affairs

Chapter 9 constitutes a critical examination of Noah Lemos’s contribution to this volume (see Chapter 8). It addresses Lemos’s defense of G. E. Moore’s principle of organic unities against three objections. The first objection concerns what is involved in contributing to the intrinsic value of a state of affairs; the second concerns a kind of evaluative schizophrenia; and the third concerns the concept of evaluative inadequacy. Lemos’s response to the third objection is examined at length, and it is argued that this response may not succeed in defeating the objection, in which case the problem of evil may not be as easy to solve as some theodicists have suggested,

Self-Interest, Altruism, and Virtue

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hurka
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Simple Form ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Similar Attitude ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Interest

My topic in this essay is the comparative moral value of self-interest and altruism. I take self-interest to consist in a positive attitude toward one's own good and altruism to consist in a similar attitude toward the good of others, and I assess these attitudes within a general theory of the intrinsic value of attitudes toward goods and evils. The first two sections of the essay apply this theory in a simple form, one that treats self-interest and altruism symmetrically. The third section examines whether the theory can be revised to accommodate an apparent asymmetry in our common-sense thinking about self-interested and altruistic attitudes.I will start by assuming that each person has a good, or that certain states of the person are intrinsically desirable and others undesirable. Of course, philosophers have disagreed for centuries about what this good consists in, or what particular states are desirable. Welfarists take each person's good to consist in pleasure, the fulfillment of her preferences, or something describable as “welfare” or “happiness.” Perfectionists hold that certain states of a person are good apart from any connection with happiness. Thus, some perfectionists hold that knowledge, achievement, and deep personal relations are good independently of how much a person wants or enjoys them. For the purposes of this essay it does not matter much which initial claims about the good we accept. To discuss issues about self-interest and altruism we need only some initial theory of each person's good, whatever its specific content. Consequently, and to cover as many bases as possible, I will start by assuming a mixed welfarist-perfectionist theory of the good, one claiming that pleasure, knowledge, and achievement are all intrinsically good.

scholarly journals Rational Speculative Bubble Size in Hang Seng, S&P500 and Nikkei 225 Index Trend from Year 1976 until 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.14) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Nurharyanti Borhan ◽  
Nurfadhlina Abdul Halim ◽  
Wan Muhammad Amir W. Ahmad ◽  
Mustafa Mamat ◽  
Nor Azlida Aleng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Size ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Speculative Bubble ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Cycle ◽  
The Difference

Rational speculative bubble size happens when the prices of an asset surpass its intrinsic value. This bubbles are harmful when burst because its gives a big impact towards the economic. The aims of this study is to show the size of rational speculative bubble existed from year 1976 until 2016. The period are separated into four which are the first cycle is from 1/11976 to 6/12/1987, the second cycle happen in 7/12/1987 to 12/8/1998, 13/8/1998 to 26/10/2008 for the third cycle and 27/10/2008 to 31/12/2016 for the fourth cycle. This study is also emphasizing on the trend of the rational speculative bubble from one cycle to another cycle. This bubbles size was studied in three markets which are Hang Seng, S&P 500 and Nikkei 225 by using generalized Johansen-Ledoit-Sornette model. The difference  

Progress report on 21-cm observations at low latitude between longitudes (l 11) 0° and 66°

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
W. W. Shane
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
The Third ◽  
Introductory Lecture ◽  
Centre Region

In the course of several 21-cm observing programmes being carried out by the Leiden Observatory with the 25-meter telescope at Dwingeloo, a fairly complete, though inhomogeneous, survey of the regionl11= 0° to 66° at low galactic latitudes is becoming available. The essential data on this survey are presented in Table 1. Oort (1967) has given a preliminary report on the first and third investigations. The third is discussed briefly by Kerr in his introductory lecture on the galactic centre region (Paper 42). Burton (1966) has published provisional results of the fifth investigation, and I have discussed the sixth in Paper 19. All of the observations listed in the table have been completed, but we plan to extend investigation 3 to a much finer grid of positions.

The orbit of Pluto over a long interval of time

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circular Restricted Problem ◽  
Resonance Relation

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.

Monte Carlo Algorithms for Moments of Transition Arrays

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
A. Goldberg ◽  
S.D. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
State Vector ◽  
Basis Vector ◽  
Collective State ◽  
Dispersion Characteristics ◽  
Dipole Strength ◽  
The Third ◽  
Monte Carlo Algorithms ◽  
Third Moment ◽  
Very High

AbstractClosed expressions for the first, second, and (in some cases) the third moment of atomic transition arrays now exist. Recently a method has been developed for getting to very high moments (up to the 12th and beyond) in cases where a “collective” state-vector (i.e. a state-vector containing the entire electric dipole strength) can be created from each eigenstate in the parent configuration. Both of these approaches give exact results. Herein we describe astatistical(or Monte Carlo) approach which requires onlyonerepresentative state-vector |RV> for the entire parent manifold to get estimates of transition moments of high order. The representation is achieved through the random amplitudes associated with each basis vector making up |RV>. This also gives rise to the dispersion characterizing the method, which has been applied to a system (in the M shell) with≈250,000 lines where we have calculated up to the 5th moment. It turns out that the dispersion in the moments decreases with the size of the manifold, making its application to very big systems statistically advantageous. A discussion of the method and these dispersion characteristics will be presented.

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