Real-time Radiation Monitoring and Assessment of Radiation Risk on Public around BSMMU Hospital Campus,  Dhaka, Bangladesh

Objective: Ionizing radiation is extensively used in the hospital for diagnosis and treatment procedures to patients and its usage increasing day by day with the socio-economic development of the country. The aim of the study is to monitor the real-time radiation around the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) hospital campus and estimation of the radiation risk on public. Method: The real-time radiation monitoring around the BSMMU hospital campus was performed using digital portable radiation monitoring device (DPRMD). The DPRMD meets all European CE standards and the American “FCC 15 standard”. The DPRMD was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data taking time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Each MP was identified using Garmin eTrex GPS device. 32 MPs were selected for taking the real-time radiation dose rates around the BSMMU hospital campus from August-September 2019. Results: The real-time radiation dose rates around the BSMMU hospital campus were ranged from 0.020-2.45 µSv/hr with an average of 0.211 ± 0.094 µSv/hr. The annual effective dose on public were ranged from 0.222 ± 0.052 mSv to 1.247 ± 0.071 mSv with an average of 0.368 ± 0.097 mSv. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public was estimated based on the annual effective dose that ranged from 0.881×10-3 to 5.12×10-3 with an average value of 1.488×10-3 around the BSMMU hospital campus, which means that in every thousand people, one person is at the risk of developing cancer caused by the scattered radiation exposure from the hospital. Conclusion: Real-time radiation monitoring makes possible to ensure the protection the radiation worker and the public from unnecessary radiation hazard. The study also provides the instantaneous information of inappropriate operation of radiation generating equipments and improper handling of radioactive substances in the hospital.

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Estimation of Radiation Risk on Public Around Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital Campus, Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABC Research Alert ◽

10.18034/abcra.v9i1.513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 15-22

Author(s):

Abdullah Al Shuhan ◽

Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽

Selina Yeasmin ◽

Md. Kabir Uddin Sikder

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Real Time ◽

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Radiation Risk ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Radiation Hazard ◽

The Real ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Medical College

Objective: Ionizing radiation is widely used in the hospital for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures to patients and its usage increasing day by day. The aim of the study is to monitor the real-time radiation around the Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College (ShSMC) hospital campus and estimation of radiation risk on public. Method: The real-time radiation monitoring around the ShSMC hospital was performed using digital portable radiation monitoring device (DPRMD). The DPRMD meets all European CE standards and the American “FCC 15 standard”. The DPRMD was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Each MP was marked out using Garmin eTrex GPS device. 32 MPs were chosen for collection of the real-time radiation dose rates around the ShSMC hospital campus in October 2020. Results: The real-time radiation dose rates around the ShSMC hospital campus were ranged from 0.37-3.39 µSv/hr with an average of 1.537 ± 0.359 µSv/hr. The annual effective dose on public were ranged from 1.326 ± 0.551 mSv to 4.902 ± 0.705 mSv with an average of 2.694 ± 0.629 mSv. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public health was estimated based on the annual effective dose that ranged from 5.277×10ˆ-3 to 19.503×10ˆ-3 with an average value of 10.72×10ˆ-3 around the ShSMC hospital campus. Conclusion: Real-time radiation monitoring facilitates to ensure the safety of the radiation workers and the public from undue radiation hazard. The study also gives instant information of improper operation of radiation generating equipments and improper handling of radioactive substances in the hospital.

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Radiation Risk Assessment on Public in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABC Research Alert ◽

10.18034/abcra.v9i1.525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

Mohammed Belayet Hossain ◽

Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽

Dr. Mohammad Amir Hossain Bhuiyan ◽

Selina Yeasmin

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Real Time ◽

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Life Time ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Radiation Hazard ◽

Monitoring Device ◽

The Real ◽

Average Value

Objective: The pollution free environment is required for healthy life. The real-time radiation monitoring is very important for radiation hazard detection in the environment. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public is to assess based on the real-time radiation monitoring data in the area. Methods: The real-time radiation monitoring was performed using portable digital radiation monitoring device. This real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device meets all European CE standards as well as the American “FCC 15 standard”. The real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. 27 MPs were chosen for collection of real-time radiation data at various outdoor environment in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka from May-August 2018.Results: The real-time radiation dose rates at Motijheel Thana due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.095 ± 0.041 µSv.h-1 to 0.185 ± 0.042 µSv.h-1 with an average of 0.147 ± 0.047 µSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to public from outdoor environmental radiation at Motijheel Thana were found to be 0.166 ± 0.066 mSv to 0.324 ± 0.061 mSv with an average of 0.257 ± 0.039 mSv. Excess Life-time Cancer Risk (ELCR) on public are also estimated based on annual effective dose that is ranged from 0.662 ×10-3 to 1.289 ×10-3 with an average value of 1.025 ×10-3, which is higher than world average value of 0.29×10-3. Conclusion: This type of study is required for detection of the radiation hazard arising from the natu-ral as well as man-made sources and also for generation of the baseline database. From this study, it is observed that there is no pose any radiation hazard in the study area due to man-made sources.

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Real-Time Environmental Gamma Radiation Dose Rate Measurement around Major Nuclear and Radiological Facilities in Bangladesh

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v6i3.fe03 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Sidratul Moontaha ◽

Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽

Dr. Md. Shafiqul Islam ◽

Selina Yeasmin

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Dose Rate ◽

Real Time ◽

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Monitoring Device ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Gamma Radiation Dose

Background: In this study, outdoor environmental gamma radiation dose rates were measured at area of Shahbag Thana under Dhaka city and Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) Campus at Savar. Aim of the study: This kind of study is required to detect the presence of natural and artificial radionuclides (if any) releasing from nuclear and radiological facilities in the country or from neighbouring countries. Materials and Methods: The measurement was performed using a real-time portable radiation monitoring device from August-November 2017. The real-time portable radiation monitoring device was placed on tripod at 1 meter above the ground and data acquisition time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Total 34 MP were selected around major nuclear and radiological facilities in Bangladesh for collection of dose rate due to gamma-ray. The MPs were marked-out using Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation. The GPS reading of the sampling locations were varied from E90º23'40.08" to E90º24'32.82" and from N23º44'58.62" to N23º43'26.58" for Shahbag Thana and from E90º16'26.58" to E90º16'50.52" and from N23º57'12.96" to N23º57'6.12" for AERE Campus, Savar. Results: The measured dose rates due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.105 ± 0.036056 μSv.h-1 to 0.208065 ± 0.106377μSv.h-1 with an average of 0.141568 ± 0.046995 μSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to the population from outdoor environmental gamma radiation was varied from 0.128772 ± 0.044218 mSv to 0.25517 ± 0.130461 mSv and the mean was found to be 0.17362± 0.057635 mSv. This value is lower than some countries like India, China, Sweden, Italy and Czech Republic; and higher than Canada, Mexico, Indonesia, Korea, Turkey, Finland, Spain and some other countries. Conclusion: From this study, it was observed that there is no burden of population exposure due to man-made sources. Therefore, it can be concluded that adequate safety and radiation protection of nuclear & radiological facilities had been ensured which is required for minimizing of unnecessary exposure to populations from man-made sources. The estimated mean annual effective dose found in this study is not expected to contribute significant additional hazard from the radiological health point of view.

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Assessment of Environmental Radiation Hazard on Public Health around BSMMU Campus, Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABC Research Alert ◽

10.18034/abcra.v8i1.447 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

Faria Hassan ◽

M. S. Rahman ◽

Shafi M Tareq ◽

S. Yeasmin

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Real Time ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Radiation Hazard ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Monitoring Device ◽

Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽

Monitoring Point ◽

Dose Monitoring

Objective: Medical institution uses ionizing radiation for diagnosis or treatment by using ionizing radiation generating equipment such as X-ray machines, CT, PET scan, etc. and radioactive materials especially in nuclear medicine centers. The purpose of the study is to monitor the real-time radiation around the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) campus of Bangladesh for minimizing the ionizing radiation hazard on public health and the environment. Method: The radiation monitoring was performed using a real-time portable digital radiation monitoring device. This real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device meets all European CE standards as well as the American “FCC 15 standard”. The portable radiation monitoring device was placed at 1 meter above the ground on the tripod and data acquisition time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. 32 MPs were selected for the collection of radiation dose rates around the BSMMU campus from March-May 2019. Results: The measured dose rate around the BSMMU campus ranged from 0.02-3.15 µSv/hr with an average of 1.452 ± 0.883 µSv/hr. The annual effective dose was ranged from 0.117 ± 0.058 mSv to 5.445 ± 0.045 mSv with an average of 2.54 ± 1.566 mSv. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was estimated which ranged from 4×10ˆ-4 to 2×10ˆ-2 with an average value of 1×10ˆ-2 for 32 selected locations around BSMMU campus. Conclusion: Dose monitoring helps to ensure the best possible protection of the radiation workers, patients, and the general public and provides an immediate indication of incorrect use of technical parameters or equipment malfunction. Not only that, but it is also essential to use an adequate amount of protective shielding for minimizing radiation hazard on public health and the environment from the scattering radiation of the hospital.

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Assessment of Radiation Risk on Healthcare Workers and Public in & around Two Largest Hospital Campuses of Bangladesh

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.34104/ejmhs.021.048057 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 48-57

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Radiation Risk ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Radiation Hazard ◽

Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽

The Public ◽

Continuous Radiation ◽

Yearly Effective Dose

Ionizing radiation gives tremendous benefit to mankind in the hospital through diagnosis and treatment to patients but unnecessary radiation may cause harm to healthcare workers & the public. The purpose of the study is to continuous radiation monitoring in & around the three largest radiological facilities of Bangladesh such as Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka (AECD), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) & Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) campuses, and estimation of radiation risk on healthcare workers & public health. Continuous radiation monitoring was performed in & around the AECD, DMCH, BSMMU campuses from August-October 2020 using the Chemiluminescent Dosimeters. The yearly effective doses to healthcare workers and the public due to radiation released from the facilities were ranged from 0.606 ± 0.031 mSv to 0.801 ± 0.0.042 mSv with a mean of 0.707 ± 0.053 mSv. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) on healthcare workers & public health were evaluated based on the yearly effective dose and ranged from 2.486 Χ 10-3 to 3.287 Χ 10-3 with a mean of 2.900 Χ 10-3. The average yearly effective dose and ELCR on healthcare workers & public health were lower than those of the worldwide permissible values. Continuous radiation monitoring in & around the largest radiological facilities is required for detection of the radiation generating equipment’s malfunctions and improper handling of the radioactive materials. The study would help for minimization of radiation risk on healthcare workers & the public and this keeps the hospital’s environment free from radiation hazard.

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Evaluation of Natural Radioactive Dose Levels and Associated Annual Effective Dose Rates in Ingested Foodstuffs at Abuja, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics ◽

10.9734/ajr2p/2018/v1i324621 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

D. O. Samson ◽

A. F. Anazia

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Radiation Effects ◽

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Exposure Dose ◽

Dose Limit ◽

Environmental Radiation ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Dose Levels

Measurement of radioactive contamination in some commonly consumed foodstuffs within the six area councils of Abuja, Nigeria was conducted in this study by means of a very sensitive and portable 3M/3-X Geiger Müller counter-based environmental radiation dosimeter. Eight different food samples were randomly selected in each of the sample locations making a total of 48 foodstuffs samples surveyed across the six area councils. The results obtained show that, the range of radiation dose levels in the analyzed samples varied from 0.01590.0001 to 0.34070.0002 μSvy-1 at Bwari; 0.14900.0001 to 0.39020.0002 μSvy-1 at AMAC; 0.00950.0001 to 0.02090.0001 μSvy-1 at Gwagwalada; 0.00570.0001 to 0.01330.0002 μSvy-1 at Kuje; 0.02740.0001 to 0.22710.0002 μSvy-1 at Abaji; Kwali was between 0.01820.0001 and 0.35030.0002 μSvy-1, and their corresponding arithmetic mean are 0.16900.0001 μSvy-1, 0.22560.0001 μSvy-1, 0.01330.0001 μSvy-1, 0.00880.0001 μSvy-1, 0.13600.0001 μSvy-1 and 0.12370.0001 μSvy-1, which gives estimated annual effective dose rates of 0.18850.0003 mSvy-1, 0.25760.0001 mSvy-1, 0.11700.0001 mSvy-1, 0.07710.0001 mSvy-1, 0.15530.0002 mSvy-1, and 0.14120.0001 mSvy-1 for Bwari, AMAC, Gwagwalada, Kuje, Abaji and Kwali area councils respectively. This finding reveals that the obtained values were sufficiently less than the maximum recommended global average exposure dose limit for environmental background (2.4 mSvy-1) and general public dose limit (1.0 mSvy-1). The radiation dose levels and dose rates associated with the intake of foodstuffs across the area councils are, therefore, relatively low and may not pose any immediate radiological health hazard to the populace, as deterministic radiation effects occur only in extreme cases.

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Real-Time Environmental Gamma Dose Rates Measurement and Evaluation of Annual Effective Dose to population of Shahbag Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v6i4.fe02 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Shamsad Tazmin ◽

Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽

Selina Yeasmin ◽

Dr. M. Habibul Ahsan ◽

Md. Mahfuzzaman

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Dose Rate ◽

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Natural Radionuclides ◽

Outdoor Environment ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Population Exposure ◽

Monitoring Point ◽

Dose Rates

Background: In this study, environmental gamma radiation dose rates were measured in the area of Shahbag Thana under Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Aim of the study: This kind of study is required to detect the presence of natural and artificial radionuclides (if any) releasing from nuclear facilities in the country or from neighbouring countries. Materials and Method: The measurement was performed using a digital portable Gamma-Scout detector. The digital portable Gamma-Scout detector was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data acquisition time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Total 27 MPs were selected for collection of gamma-ray dose rate in the outdoor environment of Shahbag Thana. The measurements were performed during light day from January to September 2017. The MPs were marked-out using Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation. The GP Sreading of the sampling locations were varied from E: 90˚23'32.94" to E: 90˚24'31.32" and from N:23˚44'19.38" to N: 23˚43'24.3". Results: The measured dose rates due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.085 ± 0.0245µSv.h-1 to 0.190526 ± 0.081886 µSv.h-1 with an average of 0.145265 ± 0.025192 µSv.h-1.The annual effective dose to the population from outdoor environmental gamma radiation was varied from0.104244 ± 0.030041 mSv to 0.233661085 ± 0.100425 mSv. The range of dose rate and annual effective dosedue to outdoor environmental gamma radiation is lower than some countries like India, Sweden, China, CzechRepublic, Italy and higher than Canada, Turkey, Indonesia, Belgium, Albania, New Zealand and some other counties. Conclusion: From this study, it was observed that there is no burden of population exposure due to man-made sources. Therefore, it can be concluded that adequate safety and radiation protection of radiological facilities had been ensured which is required for minimizing of unnecessary exposure to populations from man-made sources. The estimated mean annual effective dose found in this study is not expected to contribute significant additional hazard from the radiological health point of view.

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Outdoor Environmental Radiation Monitoring and Estimation of Radiation Risk on Public in New Market Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v13i3.53112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 879-890

Author(s):

I. K. Sumi ◽

M. S. Rahman ◽

K. N. Sakib ◽

M. M. Tasnim ◽

S. Yeasmin

Keyword(s):

Annual Effective Dose ◽

Radiation Risk ◽

Radiation Monitoring ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Environmental Radiation ◽

Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Standard Value ◽

Effective Doses ◽

The Mean

The Real-time outdoor environmental gamma radiation (RTOEGR) dose rates were monitored at New Market Thana in Dhaka city to generate a baseline database that would help to know any deviation after operation of Rooppur NPP. The RTOEGR monitoring was carried out using a digital portable radiation monitoring device (DPRMD). The RTOEGR dose rates at the area of New Market Thana were ranged from 0.103 ± 0.004 µSv/h to 0.168 ± 0.007 µSv/h with an average of 0.135 ± 0.004 µSv/h. The public's annual effective doses were calculated based on RTOEGR dose rates, and those were varied from 0.181 ± 0.007 mSv to 0.295 ± 0.007 mSv with an average of 0.238 ± 0.007 mSv. Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) on public health was estimated based on the annual effective dose. The Public's ELCR were from 0.720×10-3 to 1.174×10-3 with an average of 0.892×10-3, which is higher than the worldwide standard value of 0.29×10-3. The mean RTOEGR dose rate of the New Market Thana in Dhaka city is comparable to that of Sabzevar city (Iran), Kathmandu city of Tribhuvan University (Nepal), Baghdad city (Iraq), Kirikkale city (Turkey).

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Radiation Awareness for Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in the Hybrid Operating Room: An Instant Operator Risk Chart for Daily Practice

Journal of Endovascular Therapy ◽

10.1177/15266028211007458 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152660282110074

Author(s):

Quirina M. B. de Ruiter ◽

Frans L. Moll ◽

Constantijn E. V. B. Hazenberg ◽

Joost A. van Herwaarden

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Dose Rate ◽

Effect Size ◽

Radiation Risk ◽

Dose Limit ◽

Access Site ◽

Femoral Access ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Rate Prediction ◽

Operator Dose

Introduction: While the operator radiation dose rates are correlated to patient radiation dose rates, discrepancies may exist in the effect size of each individual radiation dose predictors. An operator dose rate prediction model was developed, compared with the patient dose rate prediction model, and converted to an instant operator risk chart. Materials and Methods: The radiation dose rates (DRoperator for the operator and DRpatient for the patient) from 12,865 abdomen X-ray acquisitions were selected from 50 unique patients undergoing standard or complex endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in the hybrid operating room with a fixed C-arm. The radiation dose rates were analyzed using a log-linear multivariable mixed model (with the patient as the random effect) and incorporated varying (patient and C-arm) radiation dose predictors combined with the vascular access site. The operator dose rate models were used to predict the expected radiation exposure duration until an operator may be at risk to reach the 20 mSv year dose limit. The dose rate prediction models were translated into an instant operator radiation risk chart. Results: In the multivariate patient and operator fluoroscopy dose rate models, lower DRoperator than DRpatient effect size was found for radiation protocol (2.06 for patient vs 1.4 for operator changing from low to medium protocol) and C-arm angulation. Comparable effect sizes for both DRoperator and DRpatient were found for body mass index (1.25 for patient and 1.27 for the operator) and irradiated field. A higher effect size for the DRoperator than DRpatient was found for C-arm rotation (1.24 for the patient vs 1.69 for the operator) and exchanging from femoral access site to brachial access (1.05 for patient vs 2.5 for the operator). Operators may reach their yearly 20 mSv year dose limit after 941 minutes from the femoral access vs 358 minutes of digital subtraction angiography radiation from the brachial access. Conclusion: The operator dose rates were correlated to patient dose rate; however, C-arm angulation and changing from femoral to brachial vascular access site may disproportionally increase the operator radiation risk compared with the patient radiation risk. An instant risk chart may improve operator dose awareness during EVAR.

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