Optimization of Agrase Production by Alkaline Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZSL-2 Using Taguchi Experimental Design

The culture conditions for the production of extracellular agarase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZSL-2 were optimized using One-Factor-At-A-Time combined with orthogonal array design. One-Factor-At-A-Time method investigates the effect of time, temperature, NaCl, carbon sources, nitrogen sources and pH on agarase production. The optimized culture conditions obtained from the statistical analysis were temperature of 30 °C, pH 8.5, NH4NO3 2 g L-1 and agar 3 g L-1. The L9 orthogonal array design was used to select the fermentation parameters influencing the yield of agarase. The order of the factors affecting the fermentation process was found to be NH4NO3 > pH > agar > temperature, with temperature playing a significant role on the agarase production (p < 0.10). The higher yields than those in basal media culture were obtained in the final optimized medium with activity of 0.439 ± 0.013 U ml-1. Extracellular agarase hydrolysed agar into a range of oligosaccharides which were analysed by LC-ESI-MS spectrometry as anhydrogalactose, galactose, agarobiose, agarotetrose and agarohexaose.

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β-Fructofuranosidase andβ–D-Fructosyltransferase from NewAspergillus carbonariusPC-4 Strain Isolated from Canned Peach Syrup: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Enzyme Production

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2019/6956202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gustavo Carvalho do Nascimento ◽

Ryhára Dias Batista ◽

Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral Santos ◽

Ezequiel Marcelino da Silva ◽

Fabrício Coutinho de Paula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Yeast Extract ◽

Soybean Protein ◽

Low Cost ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Production Values ◽

Pure Carbon ◽

Fermentation Parameters

β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) andβ-D-fructosyltransferase (FTase) are enzymes used in industrial processes to hydrolyze sucrose aiming to produce inverted sugar syrup or fructooligosaccharides. In this work, a blackAspergillussp. PC-4 was selected among six filamentous fungi isolated from canned peach syrup which were initially screened for invertase production. Cultivations with pure carbon sources showed that invertase and FTase were produced from glucose and sucrose, but high levels were also obtained from raffinose and inulin. Pineapple crown was the best complex carbon source for invertase (6.71 U/mL after 3 days of cultivation) and FTase production (14.60 U/mL after 5 days of cultivation). Yeast extract and ammonium chloride nitrogen sources provided higher production of invertase (6.80 U/mL and 6.30 U/mL, respectively), whereas ammonium nitrate and soybean protein were the best nitrogen sources for FTase production (24.00 U/mL and 24.90 U/mL, respectively). Fermentation parameters for invertase using yeast extract wereYP/S= 536.85 U/g andPP= 1.49 U/g/h. FTase production showed values ofYP/S= 2,627.93 U/g andPP= 4.4 U/h using soybean protein. The screening for best culture conditions showed an increase of invertase production values by 5.10-fold after 96 h cultivation compared to initial experiments (fungi bioprospection), while FTase production increased by 14.60-fold (44.40 U/mL) after 168 h cultivation.A. carbonariusPC-4 is a new promising strain for invertase and FTase production from low cost carbon sources, whose synthesized enzymes are suitable for the production of inverted sugar, fructose syrups, and fructooligosaccharides.

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Evaluation of the Factors Affecting the Phosphine Residue in the Fumigation–Aeration Process of Stored Wheat Using Orthogonal Array Design

Food Analytical Methods ◽

10.1007/s12161-009-9114-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 169-174

Author(s):

Ali Reza Khanchi ◽

Mohamad Moein ◽

Akram Mansoubi ◽

Majid Haji Hosseini ◽

Farhad Bani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthogonal Array ◽

Orthogonal Array Design ◽

Array Design ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Stored Wheat ◽

Aeration Process

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Formulation Development of Tamoxifen Loaded Lipid Nanoparticle by Taguchi (L12 (2 11)) Orthogonal Array Design

Current Computer - Aided Drug Design ◽

10.2174/1573409916666200320162948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Poovi Ganesan ◽

N Damodharan

Keyword(s):

Orthogonal Array ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Optimization Technique ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽

Orthogonal Array Design ◽

Formulation Development ◽

Array Design ◽

Lipid Nanoparticle

Background: A better understanding of the biopharmaceutical and physicochemical properties of drugs and the pharmaco-technical factors would be of great help for developing pharmaceutical products. But, it is extremely difficult to study the effect of each variable and interaction among them through the conventional approach Objective: To screen the most influential factors affecting the particle size (PS) of lipid nanoparticle (LNPs) (solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)) for poorly water-soluble BCS class-II drug like tamoxifen (TMX) to improve its oral bioavailability and to reduce its toxicity to tolerable limits using Taguchi (L12 (2 11)) orthogonal array design by applying computer optimization technique. Results: The size of all LNPs formulations prepared as per the experimental design varied between 172 nm and 3880 μm, polydispersity index between 0.033 and 1.00, encapsulation efficiency between 70.8% and 75.7%, and drug loading between 5.84% and 9.68%. The study showed spherical and non-spherical as well as aggregated and non-aggregated LNPs. Besides, it showed no interaction and amorphous form of the drug in LNPs formulation. The Blank NLCs exhibited no cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells as compared to TMX solution, SLNs (F5) and NLCs (F12) suggests that the cause of cell death is primarily from the effect of TMX present in NLCs. Conclusions: The screening study clearly showed the importance of different individual factors significant effect for the LNPs formulation development and its overall performance in an in-vitro study with minimum experimentation thus saving considerable time, efforts, and resources for further in-depth study.

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Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.60 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 549 ◽

pp. 60-64

Author(s):

Zhen Huang ◽

Xiao Han Shi ◽

Shao Fang Liu ◽

Wei Juan Jiang

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Orthogonal Array ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Time Varying ◽

Orthogonal Array Design ◽

Array Design ◽

Different Sources

An orthogonal array design was employed for optimizing the supercritical CO2 extraction of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae. The extraction was performed at temperature from 40 to 60oC, pressure from 15 to 35MPa, extraction time varying from 30 to 90min and particle size spanning from 20 to 80 mesh. The results reflect that the extraction yield is more significantly influenced by the extraction time, pressure and particle size but less by temperature. The experiments show that the extraction yield obviously increases with increasing pressure, different from the literatures. In terms of the sample origin, a comparison shows that outstanding differences exist among the extraction yields from different sources.

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pyrrolidine Alkaloid from Leaves of Piper amalago L.

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/7401748 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

V. S. Carrara ◽

L. C. Filho ◽

V. A. S. Garcia ◽

V. S. Faiões ◽

E. F. Cunha-Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽

Supercritical Fluid ◽

Orthogonal Array ◽

Design Matrix ◽

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction ◽

Orthogonal Array Design ◽

Fluid Extraction ◽

Array Design ◽

Carbon Dioxide Extraction

Supercritical fluid extraction was used to extract the alkaloid N-[7-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl]pyrrolidine from leaves of Piper amalago L. A three-level orthogonal array design matrix, OAD OA9(34), was used for optimization of the parameters of supercritical extraction of the alkaloid, employing supercritical carbon dioxide: extraction time (20, 40, and 60 min), temperature (40, 50, and 60°C), pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar), and the use of cosolvents (ethanol, methanol, and propyleneglycol). All parameters had significant effect on the alkaloid yield. The alkaloid yield after 60 min of extraction without cosolvents at 9 different conditions (32) in terms of temperature (40, 50, and 60°C) and pressure (150, 200, and 250 bar) was also evaluated. The optimal yield (≈3.8 mg g−1) was obtained with supercritical CO2 + methanol (5% v : v) at 40°C and 200 bar for 60 min of extraction.

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