scholarly journals The Distribution and Abundance of mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Lower Big Walnut Creek from Hoover Dam to its Mouth, in Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Michael Hoggarth ◽  
Michael Grumney
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Quadrat Sampling ◽  
Hoover Dam ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Fish Hosts ◽  
Three Rivers ◽  
Scioto River

Big Walnut Creek in central Ohio once supported a mussel fauna of 40 species, but no systematic study of the mussels of the creek has been done. The objective of the current study was to determine the distribution and abundance of mussels in Big Walnut Creek downstream of Hoover Dam (RM 36.7) to its mouth with the Scioto River. The extant (living and freshly dead shells) and total (extant plus weathered and subfossil shells) mussel communities were determined at 21 sites. Two techniques were used to determine the mussel community at each site: timed searches and transect/quadrat sampling. Shannon-Weiner (H’) values, Jaccard Coefficient of similarity values, and percent extant species were calculated for the mussel communities at each location. Student T-tests were used to determine where either a significant change in community structure occurred based on the metrics listed above.  The mussel communities from Hoover Dam to Whitehall (RM 22.0) had maintained their diversity.  The historic and extant communities in this reach were essentially the same (Jaccard Coefficient = 83% and percent extant species = 78%) with H’ values for this reach not significantly different when comparing the total and extant communities (t = 1.08, p > 0.05).  The communities from RM 22.0 to RM 15.0 (just downstream of Three Rivers MetroPark) had fewer extant species (Jaccard Coefficient and percent extant values of 62% and 36%, respectively), and significantly diminished species diversity (t = 2.35, p < 0.05). Diminished species diversity continued to be expressed downstream (t = 2.48, p < 0.05), with some recovery (Jaccard Coefficient = 67% and percent extant = 42%) as we approached the mouth of the creek.  This improvement may be a result of movement of mussels (as larvae attached to fish hosts) from the Scioto River. 

scholarly journals Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
L. A. Kolodochka ◽  
O. S. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
City Center ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

Abstract In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from 57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to different types of pollution make up an essential part in each species complex. The species diversity and complexity of oribatid community structure at researched areas increased with distance from the city center. There was no direct relation between the degree of dominance of most common species and the cemetery’s relative remoteness from the center of the city.

Diversity and community structure of Ephemeroptera in freshwater stream of Megamalai hills, Tamil Nadu, India

ENTOMON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
S. Barathy ◽  
T. Sivaruban ◽  
Srinivasan Pandiarajan ◽  
Isack Rajasekaran ◽  
M. Bernath Rosi
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
Species Diversity Indices ◽  
High Diversity

In the study on the diversity and community structure of Ephemeroptera in the freshwater stream of Chinnasuruli falls on Megamalai hills, a total of 523 specimens belonging to thirteen genera and five families were collected in six month periods. Of the five families, Teloganodidae and Leptophlebiidae exhibited high diversity and Caenidae showed low diversity. Choroterpes alagarensis (Leptophlebiidae) is the most dominant species. Diversity indices such as Shannon and Simpson indices showed that diversity was maximum in November and December and it was minimum in August and January. Canonical Correspondence Analysis revealed that rainfall, water flow, turbidity, and air temperature were the major stressors in affecting the Ephemeropteran community structure.

scholarly journals Altitudinally coordinated pattern of plant community structure in the Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalik Ram Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
National Park ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Plant Community Structure ◽  
Closed Canopy

Study on plant community structure was undertaken in different altitudinal ranges of Shivapuri National Park. The general objective of this study is to analyse different plant community structure in Shivapuri National Park with regards to altitudinal variation. The forest was divided into three distinct altitudinal ranges on the basis of dominancy. In each altitudinal range standard quadrats method was applied for vegetation analysis. The highest number of species was found in site II. All the ecological parameters of the plant species were higher in site II except Basal Area of tree that was highest in site III. The pattern of distribution of plant species was not uniform according to altitude. At higher elevation, the forest was mature with almost closed canopy and trees were large; so the tree density was low. Species richness was highest in site II. Species diversity among tree and shrub species was higher in site I. But for herb species diversity was higher in site II for both seasons. Such type of variations may be due to nature of soil i.e. acidity, nutrient availability and other micro-climatic factors. The most noteworthy thing was that variation in flower colour of Rhododendron arboreum i.e. deep scarlet at low altitude, but it gradually changed into pinkish white as altitude increased. Key words: Altitude, Density, Plant community, Species diversity doi: 10.3126/banko.v18i1.2161 Banko Janakari, Vol. 18, No. 1, 11-17

scholarly journals Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tili Karenina ◽  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
Chandra Irsan ◽  
Yulia Pujiastuti ◽  
Hasbi Hasbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Pardosa Pseudoannulata ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Predatory Arthropods

Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S,  Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y, Hasbi, Suparman, Lakitan B, Hamidson H, Umayah A. 2020. Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4839-4849.  Differences in the index of rice planting can cause differences in the structure of the arthropod community. This study aimed to characterize the community structure of the arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in the three different rice planting indexes (PI) in the freshwater swamps of South Sumatra.  Sampling of the arthropods using D-vac and pitfall traps was conducted in the three different rice planting, namely one (PI-100), two (PI-200), and three (PI-300) planting indexes of the rice. The results of the study showed that the dominant predatory arthropod species in the rice fields were Pardosa pseudoannulata, Tetragnatha javana, Tetragnatha virescens, Pheropsophus occipitalis, Paederus fuscipes, and the dominant herbivorous insects were Leptocorisa acuta, Nilavarpata lugens, and Sogatella furcifera. The abundance of arboreal predatory arthropods was the highest in the PI-300 rice and the lowest in the PI-100 rice.    The abundance of soil-dwelling arthropods was the highest in the rice PI-100, and low in the rice PI-200 and PI-300, but the rice PI-100 had the highest abundance of the herbivorous insects. The rice PI-300 was the most ideal habitats to maintain the abundance and the species diversity of the arboreal predatory arthropods. Thus, the rice cultivation throughout the year was profitable in conserving and maintaining the abundance and species diversity of the predatory arthropods.

scholarly journals Effect of Farming and Rainfall on the Species Diversity, Population Density and Community Structure of Birds Breeding in the Kalahari Woodland, NE Namibia

Zoodiversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
G. Kopij
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Turtle Dove

The line transect method has been employed to assess species diversity, population densities and community structure of birds breeding in a mosaic of Kalahari Woodland and farmland, NE Namibia. The transect, 4.5 km long, was surveyed in 2014 and 2015. The total annual rainfall in 2014 was much higher than in 2015 (427 mm vs. 262 mm). In total, 40 breeding species in 2014, and 46 in 2015 were recorded. Six species were dominant in 2014 (Cape Turtle Dove, Laughing Dove, Emerald-spotted Dove, Blue Waxbill, and White-browed Scrub Robin) and only three species in 2015 (Cape Turtle Dove and Blue Waxbill and Yellow-fronted Canary). Although the cumulative dominance in 2014 almost doubled that in 2015, the Community Index in both years was almost identical. Also diversity indices and evenness index were very similar in both years compared. Granivorous birds were the most numerous feeding guild. Their contribution was similar in 2014 and 2015 (46.7 % vs. 43.4 %). Two other feeding guilds, insectivores and frugivores, comprised together more than 50 % in both years. The number of bird species and species diversity were not influenced by the differential rainfall. However, contrary to expectations, population densities of most bird species (at least the more numerous ones) were higher in the year with lower than in the year with higher rainfall. The number of species and species diversity was similar in the farmland and in neighbouring Kalahari Woodland in a pristine stage. However, population densities of most species were lower in the farmland than in the pristine woodland.

Studi Komparatif Komunitas Ikan Padang Lamun Pada Bulan Perbani Awal Dan Perbani Akhir Di Perairan Loleo Kecamatan Weda Selatan Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farjan Kaeli, Riyadi Subur Dan Salim Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Siganus Canaliculatus ◽  
Sphyraena Barracuda ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Village

ABSTRAK            Ikan memanfaatkan padang lamun sebagai habitatnya, ada yang hidup menetap dan adapula yang berkunjung ke padang lamun hanya untuk mencari makan atau untuk memijah, sebagai tempat untuk berlindung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui jumlah dan jenis ikan padang lamun yang tertangkap pada bulan perbani awal dan perbani akhir di Perairan Desa Loleo,mengetahui struktur komunitas ikan padang lamun yang tertangkap pada bulan perbani awal dan perbani akhir dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan komunitas ikan padang lamun yang tertangkap pada bulan perbani awal dan perbani akhir di Perairan Desa Loleo. Hasil penelitian diperoleh komposisi jenis ikan pada bulan perbani awal sebanyak 14 jenis yaitu Caranx ignobilis, Caranx melampygus, Alectis ciliaris, Selar crumenophthalmus, Choerodon anchorago, Cheilio inermis, Lethrinus microdon, Mulloidichthys flavolineatu, Gerres acinaces    Bleeker, Siganus spinu, Siganus canaliculatus, Siganus doliatus, Hemiramphus sp, Balistoides viridescens. Sedangkan ikan pada bulan perbani akhir sebanyak 8 jenis yaitu Sphyraena barracuda, Siganus canaliculatus, Siganus doliatus, Zanclus cornutus, Lethrinus miniatus, Moolgarda seheli, Hemiramphus sp, Amanses scopas. Keanekaragaman jenis baik ikan yang tertangkap pada bulan perbani awal dan perbani akhir tergolong sedang, dan tidak ada jenis yang mendominansi serta penyebaran jenisnya sangat merata. Rata-rata hasil tangkapan antara bulan perbani awal dan perbani akhir memiliki perbedaan dan rata-rata hasil tangkapan terbanyak adalah pada bulan perbani awal. Kata Kunci : Komunitas, Ikan, Perbani Awal, Perbani Akhir, Padang Lamun.ABSTRACT                 Fish utilize seagrass beds as habitat, there were sedentary and those that visit to seagrass beds only to find food or to spawn, as a place of refuge. The purpose of this study was to determine the number and type of fish seagrass caught in neap beginning and neap end in Water Village Loleo, know the community structure of seagrass beds had been arrested in neap beginning and neap end and to compare the fish communities of seagrass caught in neap neap beginning and ending at the village Aquatic Loleo. The results obtained by the composition of fish species in neap early as 14 types of Caranx ignobilis, Caranx melampygus, Alectis ciliaris, scad crumenophthalmus, Choerodon anchorago, Cheilio inermis, Lethrinus microdon, Mulloidichthys flavolineatu, Gerres acinaces Bleeker, Siganus spinu, Siganus canaliculatus, Siganus doliatus, Hemiramphus sp, Balistoides viridescens. While the fish in neap late as 8 types of Sphyraena barracuda, Siganus canaliculatus, Siganus doliatus, Zanclus cornutus, Lethrinus miniatus, Moolgarda seheli, Hemiramphus sp, Amanses scopas. Good species diversity of fish caught in neap neap beginning and end is classified, and no kind mendominansi and very uneven spread of its kind. The average catches between the moon neap neap early and late have differences and average catches neap most was in the beginning. Keywords: Community, Fish, Early neap, neap End, Seagrass. 

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