Evaporative Heat Transfer Coefficients During Sensible Heating of Milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Om Prakash ◽  
K. S. Kasana
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer ◽  
Rate Of Heating ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer Coefficient

In this article, the evaporative heat transfer coefficients for sensible heating phase of milk in a stainless steel pot during khoa making by conventional heating method have been reported. Various indoor experiments were performed for sensible heating of milk in a stainless steel pot under open condition by varying heat inputs from 240 watts to 420 watts. The experimental data were used to determine the values of evaporative heat transfer coefficients which were observed to decrease with an increase in rate of heating. It is also observed that the evaporative heat transfer coefficient increases significantly with the increase in operating temperature for each rate of heat inputs. The experimental error in terms of percent uncertainty was also evaluated.

scholarly journals FORCED CONVECTION DRYING OF INDIAN GROUNDNUT: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Ravinder Kumar Sahdev ◽  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer

In this paper, convective and evaporative heat transfer coefficients of the Indian groundnut were computed under indoor forced convection drying (IFCD) mode. The groundnuts were dried as a single thin layer with the help of a laboratory dryer till the optimum safe moisture storage level of 8 – 10%. The experimental data were used to determine the values of experimental constants C and n in the Nusselt number expression by a simple linear regression analysis and consequently, the convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) was determined. The values of CHTC were used to calculate the evaporative heat transfer coefficient (EHTC). The average values of CHTC and EHTC were found to be 2.48 W/m2 oC and 35.08 W/m2 oC, respectively. The experimental error in terms of percent uncertainty was also estimated. The experimental error in terms of percent uncertainty was found to be 42.55%. The error bars for convective and evaporative heat transfer coefficients are also shown for the groundnut drying under IFCD condition.

Influence of fully submerged permanent magnets in the evaluation of heat transfer and performance analysis of single slope glass solar still

2021 ◽  
pp. 095765092110310
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Kaviti ◽  
Akkala Siva Ram ◽  
Amit Kumar Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Depth Water

In this experimental study, permanent magnets with three different sizes (M-1: 32 mm inner diameter, 70 mm outer diameter and 15 mm thick, M-2: 25 mm inner diameter, 60 mm outer diameter and 10 mm thick, M-3: 22 mm inner diameter, 45 mm outer diameter and 9 mm thick) are fully submerged in the single-slope glass solar still. The performance of magnetic solar stills (MSS) with three different sizes at 2 cm depth water to ensure that magnets are fully submerged is compared with conventional solar still (CSS) at the location 17.3850°N, 78.4867°E. Tiwari model is adapted to calculate the heat transfer coefficients (HTC), internal and exergy efficiencies. MSS with M-1, M-2 and M-3 significantly enhanced the convective, radiative, and evaporative heat transfer rate for the 2 cm depth of water. This is due to the desired magnetic treatment of water, which reduces the surface tension and increases the hydrogen bonds. The MSS's total internal HTC, instantaneous efficiencies led CSS by 25.52%, 28.8%, respectively, with M-1. Having various magnetic fields due to different magnets sizes increases MSS's exergetic efficiency by 33.61% with M-1, 33.76% with M-2, and 42.25% with M-3. Cumulative yield output for MSS with M-1, M-2, and M-3 is 21.66%, 17.64%, 15.78% higher than CSS. The use of permanent magnets of different sizes in the MSS is a viable, economical and straight forward technique to enhance productivity.

Experimental study on heat and mass transfer for heating milk

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
K.S. Kasana ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Rate Of Heating ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients

In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the convective heat transfer coefficient for sensible heating of milk in a stainless steel pot during khoa, made by traditional method. Various indoor experiments were performed for simulation of a developed thermal model for maximum evaporation by varying heat inputs from 240 watts to 420 watts. The experimental data was used to determine values of constants in the well known Nusselt expression by simple linear regression analysis and, consequently, convective heat transfer coefficients were determined. It is found that the convective heat transfer coefficients decrease with an increase in rate of heating. The experimental error in terms of percent uncertainty was also evaluated.

Experimental Determination of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Forming of Stainless Steel Sheets Considering Process Conditions and Deep-Drawing Film

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 1501-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Schmid ◽  
Mathias Liewald
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Forming Tools

Heat transfer coefficients are playing an important role in forming of metastable stainless steel sheets. Metastable austenitic stainless steels are highly influenced by heating of forming tools due to generation of latent heat during forming process. Strain-induced martensite formation and hence the TRIP-effect is directly coupled with the temperature development within forming tools as well as the temperature induced by heat controlled tools. Measurements of heat development in serial deep drawing processes are showing the need for an accurate determination of heat transfer coefficients considering actual process conditions. Heat transfer coefficients were determined with a simple and easy applicable measurement device for tool materials AMPCO 25 and cold work tool steel EN 1.2379 in combination with aluminum, austenitic EN 1.4301 and ferritic EN 1.4016 stainless steel grades. Special attention was paid to production-related individual influences such as surface conditions, lubrication and deep drawing film. Experiments were accomplished between 1-15 N/mm² showing high influence of intermediate media on heat transfer between forming tool and part and serve as boundary conditions for fully thermo-mechanical coupled forming simulations. A strong influence of deep drawing film, lubrication and surface pressure on heat exchange could be determined and this basic knowledge is seen as mandatory for dimensioning of heat controlled metal forming tools. Finally the experimental determined results are discussed and compared to common heat transfer models and similar experiments from literature.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL FORCED SOLAR THIN LAYER GINGER DRYING

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
C And N ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer

In this research paper, the convective and the evaporative heat transfer coefficients of ginger (zingiber officinale) drying in an indirect solar cabinet dryer under the induced forced convection mode is presented. Experiments were conducted during the month of March 2015 under the climatic conditions of Hisar, India (29°5’5”N latitude and 75°45’55”E longitude). The experimental data obtained for solar drying of a constant ginger mass of 150 g has been used to determine constants ‘C’ and ‘n’ in the Nusselt number expression using linear regression analysis; consequently, the convective and the evaporative heat transfer coefficients have been evaluated. The average value of constants ‘C’ and ‘n’ were evaluated as 0.999 and 0.318, respectively. The average values of the convective and the evaporative heat transfer coefficients were found to be 3.95 W/m2 °C and 160.47 W/m2 °C, respectively, for the given mass samples of ginger. The average collector efficiency was observed to be 14.5%. The experimental error in terms of percentage uncertainty was found to be 20.87%.

scholarly journals Analysis Effects of Average Value of Convective and Evaporative Heat Transfer Coefficient on Solar Cabinet Dryer for Reduction of Mass of Papad

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1523
Author(s):  
Goldi Mathuriya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Mass Transfer Phenomenon ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer

Abstract: In this research paper, the behavior of heat and mass transfer phenomenon during greenhouse papad drying under forced convection mode has been investigated. Various experiments were performed during the month of April 2020 at SRCEM Banmore, morena (26o 34’13” N 78o 10’48” E). Experimental data obtained for forced convection greenhouse drying of papad were used to determine the constants in the Nusselt number expression by using the simple linear regression analysis and, consequently, the values of convective and evaporative heat transfer coefficients were evaluated. The average values of experimental constants C and n were determined as 0.9714 and 0.0129 respectively. The average values of convective and evaporative heat transfer coefficients were determined as 0.0886 W/m2 oC and 6.7583 W/m2 oC respectively. The experimental error in terms of percentage uncertainty was also evaluated. Keywords: Papad, Papad drying, Heat transfer coefficient, Convective, Evaporative, Forced convection greenhouse

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