scholarly journals Ground-penetrating radar studies in Svalbard aimed to the calculation of the ice volume of its glaciers

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Navarro ◽  
J. Lapazaran ◽  
A. Martín-Español ◽  
J. Otero
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Ground Penetrating

During the period 1999-2014, the Group of Numerical Simulation in Sciences and Engineering of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid carried out many ground-penetrating radar campaigns in Svalbard, aimed to the study of glacier ice-thickness and the physical properties of glacier ice. The regions covered were Nordenskiöld Land, Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Sabine Land and Nordaustlandet. We here present a review of these works, focused on the aspects related to the estimate of the volume of individual glaciers and its extrapolation to the entire set of Svalbard glaciers, for which the authors estimate a total volume of 6700±835 km3, o 17±2 mm in sea-level equivalent.

scholarly journals Ice thickness distribution of all Swiss glaciers based on extended ground-penetrating radar data and glaciological modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Melchior Grab ◽  
Enrico Mattea ◽  
Andreas Bauder ◽  
Matthias Huss ◽  
Lasse Rabenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
Bed Topography ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Abstract Accurate knowledge of the ice thickness distribution and glacier bed topography is essential for predicting dynamic glacier changes and the future developments of downstream hydrology, which are impacting the energy sector, tourism industry and natural hazard management. Using AIR-ETH, a new helicopter-borne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) platform, we measured the ice thickness of all large and most medium-sized glaciers in the Swiss Alps during the years 2016–20. Most of these had either never or only partially been surveyed before. With this new dataset, 251 glaciers – making up 81% of the glacierized area – are now covered by GPR surveys. For obtaining a comprehensive estimate of the overall glacier ice volume, ice thickness distribution and glacier bed topography, we combined this large amount of data with two independent modeling algorithms. This resulted in new maps of the glacier bed topography with unprecedented accuracy. The total glacier volume in the Swiss Alps was determined to be 58.7 ± 2.5 km3 in the year 2016. By projecting these results based on mass-balance data, we estimated a total ice volume of 52.9 ± 2.7 km3 for the year 2020. Data and modeling results are accessible in the form of the SwissGlacierThickness-R2020 data package.

scholarly journals Melt regimes, stratigraphy, flow dynamics and glaciochemistry of three glaciers in the Alaska Range

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (207) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Campbell ◽  
Karl Kreutz ◽  
Erich Osterberg ◽  
Steven Arcone ◽  
Cameron Wake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Chemical Diffusion ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Age Model ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Climate Studies

AbstractWe used ground-penetrating radar (GPR), GPS and glaciochemistry to evaluate melt regimes and ice depths, important variables for mass-balance and ice-volume studies, of Upper Yentna Glacier, Upper Kahiltna Glacier and the Mount Hunter ice divide, Alaska. We show the wet, percolation and dry snow zones located below ~2700ma.s.l., at ~2700 to 3900ma.s.l. and above 3900ma.s.l., respectively. We successfully imaged glacier ice depths upwards of 480 m using 40-100 MHz GPR frequencies. This depth is nearly double previous depth measurements reached using mid-frequency GPR systems on temperate glaciers. Few Holocene-length climate records are available in Alaska, hence we also assess stratigraphy and flow dynamics at each study site as a potential ice-core location. Ice layers in shallow firn cores and attenuated glaciochemical signals or lacking strata in GPR profiles collected on Upper Yentna Glacier suggest that regions below 2800ma.s.l. are inappropriate for paleoclimate studies because of chemical diffusion, through melt. Flow complexities on Kahiltna Glacier preclude ice-core climate studies. Minimal signs of melt or deformation, and depth-age model estimates suggesting ~4815 years of ice on the Mount Hunter ice divide (3912ma.s.l.) make it a suitable Holocene-age ice-core location.

scholarly journals On the errors involved in ice-thickness estimates I: ground-penetrating radar measurement errors

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (236) ◽  
pp. 1008-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. LAPAZARAN ◽  
J. OTERO ◽  
A. MARTÍN-ESPAÑOL ◽  
F.J. NAVARRO
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Independent Components ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Thickness Error ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Volume Estimates

ABSTRACTThis is the first (Paper I) of three companion papers focused respectively, on the estimates of the errors in ice thickness retrieved from pulsed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data, on how to estimate the errors at the grid points of an ice-thickness DEM, and on how the latter errors, plus the boundary delineation errors, affect the ice-volume estimates. We here present a comprehensive analysis of the various errors involved in the computation of ice thickness from pulsed GPR data, assuming they have been properly migrated. We split the ice-thickness error into independent components that can be estimated separately. We consider, among others, the effects of the errors in radio-wave velocity and timing. A novel aspect is the estimate of the error in thickness due to the uncertainty in horizontal positioning of the GPR measurements, based on the local thickness gradient. Another novel contribution is the estimate of the horizontal positioning error of the GPR measurements due to the velocity of the GPR system while profiling, and the periods of GPS refreshing and GPR triggering. Their effects are particularly important for airborne profiling. We illustrate our methodology through a case study of Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard.

scholarly journals 50 MHz helicopter-borne radar data for determination of glacier thermal regime in the central Chilean Andes

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (70) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisella Gacitúa ◽  
José A. Uribe ◽  
Ryan Wilson ◽  
Thomas Loriaux ◽  
Jorge Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Chilean Andes

AbstractDespite their importance as freshwater reservoirs for downstream river systems, few glaciers in central Chile have been comprehensively surveyed. This study presents ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and field-based observations for characterizing the englacial and basal conditions of Glaciar Olivares Alfa (33°110 S, 70°130 W), central Chilean Andes. Using a 50 MHz radar mounted onto a helicopter platform, data were collected covering large portions of the glacier accumulation and ablation zones. The radar data revealed boundaries of a temperate-ice layer at the base of the eastern body of Glaciar Olivares Alfa which appears to be covered by colder ice that extends throughout large parts of the glacier. The thickness of the temperate ice layer is highly variable across the glacier, being on average 40% of the total ice thickness. Radar data analyses reveal regions of cold ice at the bottom/base of the glacier and also patterns of highly saturated sediments beneath the glacier. Using GPR data, this study represents the most exhaustive analysis of glacier ice structure performed in the central Chilean Andes. The results will enable improved estimations of the glacier’s mass balance and ice dynamics, helping us to understand its further development and its impact on water availability.

scholarly journals On the errors involved in ice-thickness estimates I: ground-penetrating radar measurement errors - ERRATUM

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J.J. Lapazaran ◽  
J. Otero ◽  
A. Martín-Español ◽  
F.J. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Radar Measurement ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals Sea-level proxies in Holocene raised beach ridge deposits (Greenland) revealed by ground-penetrating radar

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Nielsen ◽  
Mette Bendixen ◽  
Aart Kroon ◽  
Mikkel Ulfeldt Hede ◽  
Lars B. Clemmensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Beach Ridge ◽  
Ground Penetrating

scholarly journals Estimation of Ice Thickness and the Features of Subglacial Media Detected by Ground Penetrating Radar at the Baishui River Glacier No. 1 in Mt. Yulong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Shijin Wang ◽  
Yuanqing He ◽  
Yuqiang Li ◽  
Yuzhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Grid Data ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Bedrock Surface ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), we measured and estimated the ice thickness of the Baishui River Glacier No. 1 of Yulong Snow Mountain. According to the position of the reflected media from the GPR image, combined with the radar waveform amplitude and polarity change information, the ice thickness and the changing medium position at the bottom of this temperate glacier were identified. Water paths were found in the measured ice, including ice caves and crevasses. A debris-rich ice layer was found at the bottom of the glacier, which produces strong abrasion and ploughing action at the bedrock surface. This results in the formation of different detrital layers stagnated at the ice-bedrock interface and numerous crevasses on the bedrock surface. Based on the obtained ice thickness and differential GPS data, combined with Landsat images, the kriging interpolation method was used to obtain grid data. The average ice thickness was 52.48 m and between 4740 and 4890 m above sea level, with a maximum depth of 92.83 m. The bedrock topography map of this area was drawn using digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. The central part of the glacier was characterized by small ice basins with distributed ice steps and ice ridges at the upper and lower parts.

DNAPL mapping by ground penetrating radar examined via numerical simulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Wilson ◽  
Christopher Power ◽  
Antonios Giannopoulos ◽  
Jason Gerhard ◽  
Gavin Grant
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Ground Penetrating
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