IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF C-PHYCOCYANIN PURIFIED FROM Spirulina platensis DRY BIOMASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Dao Pham Thi Bich ◽  
Ha Nguyen Thi Hoai ◽  
Cong Vu Thanh ◽  
Hoan Phung Van ◽  
Binh Tran Quoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Commercial Applications

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) was a phycobiliprotein found exclusively in cyanobacteria as Spirulina and exhibited a variety of pharmacological properties, which were not yet studied for any purpose in commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry in Vietnam. At present, there are no other sources of natural phycocyanin than Spirulina, it is the sole efficient source of natural phycocyanin production under photoautotrophic conditions. The present research was conducted to determine an efficient extraction method from C-PC from Spirulina platensis dry biomass. Antioxidant activity of purified C-PC was investigated. Extractions were carried out using distilled water and Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0 as solvents and freeze\thaw and ultrasonication techniques were applied to optimize the extraction process. Extraction using the freeze\thaw method proved to be the most efficient method. Phycocyanin purification from crude extracts was carried out by a combination of methods such as ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 65% precipitation, dialysis filter, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography, to give 121.63 ± 0.03 mg\g C-PC content and 3.52 ± 0.04 purity. Antioxidant activity in vitro was determined by nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, percentage inhibition of NO by the C-PC in concentration 10 μg\mL to 100 μg\mL which significantly scavenged 55.89% to 91.54% of NO radicals, respectively. They exhibited strong NO radical scavenging capacity, the C-PC and vitamin C were able to reduce the stable NO radical to 50% reduction with EC50 of 4.53 and 3.66 µg\mL. Research results showed that S. platenis dry biomass provided by Dalitra was potential for obtaining C-phycocyanin (12.16% of dry biomass) and it was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro able to scavenge nitric oxide. C-PC (12.16% of dry biomass) and was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro able to scavenge nitric oxide.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Ruta graveolens L. In Vitro Culture Lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Diwan ◽  
Amit Shinde ◽  
Nutan Malpathak
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Oxide Reduction ◽  
Nitric Oxide Reduction

Ruta graveolens L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional systems of medicine for treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo, leucoderma, and lymphomas with well-known anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Therefore antioxidant potential of R. graveolens (in planta and in vitro) was investigated. As antioxidants present in plant extracts are multifunctional, their activity and mechanism depends on the composition and conditions of the test system. Therefore, the total antioxidant capacity was evaluated using assays that detect different antioxidants: free radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS), transition metal ion reduction (phosphomolybdenum assay), reducing power, and nitric oxide reduction. Content of furanocoumarin-bergapten in the extracts showed good corelation with free radical scavenging, transition metal reduction and reducing power, while total phenolic content showed good corelation with nitric oxide reduction potential. Antioxidant activity of in vitro cultures was significantly higher compared to in vivo plant material. The present study is the first report on comprehensive study of antioxidant activity of R. graveolens and its in vitro cultures.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Kelly Oriakhi ◽  
Kissinger Orumwensodia ◽  
Patrick Uadia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Background: Tetracarpidium conophorum (African walnut) is an African plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract and fractions (F) [n-hexane (HEX-F), dichloromethane (DCM-F) and, ethyl acetate (EA-F)] of T. conophorum seeds. Methods: Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity study were carried out using DPPH, ABTs radical scavenging assays, nitric oxide inhibitory and reducing potential assays. Results: Methanol extract and its fractions contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids content were significantly higher in EA-F and crude methanol extract compared to other fractions. Crude methanol and EA-F contain higher concentrations of tannin while hexane fraction had the lowest tannin content but relatively higher proanthocyanidin content compared to other fractions. The antioxidant activity study showed that both methanol crude extract and fractions of T. conophorum seeds have significant activities for DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant potential, nitric oxide inhibitory activities, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging for. DPPH radical scavenging activities of EA-F showed the lowest IC50 of 33.11 µg/mL, followed by Hex-F, DCM-F and crude methanol extract with IC50 of 33.43, 42.09 and 45.44 µg/mL, respectively, when compared to ascorbic acid with IC50 of 17.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study showed that T. conophorum seed is a rich source of secondary metabolites, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity Profiling of Acetonic Extract of Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) Seeds in Different In-Vitro Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Neha Yadav ◽  
Ajay Pal ◽  
Sonam Sihag ◽  
Nagesh C.R
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Metal Chelation ◽  
Syzygium Cumini

Background: Syzygium cumini L., commonly known as Jamun, black-plum, and Indian blackberry, is one of the most widely distributed trees in India with booming medical benefits and possesses antioxidant, anticancer and anti-diabetic properties. It belongs to the family Myrtaceae. Despite countless phytochemicals, seeds are not consumed and are the waste part of Jamun fruit. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of phenolics from Jamun seeds against a bundle of oxidant moieties. Methods: The 50% acetone extract of Jamun seeds was investigated for in-vitro antioxidant profiling. Assays include free radical scavenging activity, metal chelation activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, total reducing power, nitric oxide scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. Results: The extract depicted maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity followed by ABTS radical scavenging activity. Hefty metal chelation and nitric oxide scavenging activity were recorded while lipid peroxidation, H2O2, and OH- scavenging activity was intermediate. Conclusion: Jamun seed showed ample antioxidant activity and certifies that it is the right candidate for exploitation as a source of natural antioxidants to counteract autoxidation-induced pathologies or diseases.

scholarly journals The In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemicals of Locally Consumed Plant Foods from Quezon Province, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia Fe B. Yu ◽  
Rachel Camille R. Cabrera ◽  
Paolo Robert P. Bueno ◽  
Isidro C. Sia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Plant Foods

Background. Quezon province has been one of the primary agricultural sources of vegetables and crops in southern Luzon due to its diverse agricultural topography. Having increased dietary awareness, consumption of antioxidant-rich foods has become relevant. Objectives. Thirteen (13) methanolic extracts of endemic Quezon plant foods were evaluated for phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential.Methods. The plant extracts were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays, which include DPPH [2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl], FRAP [Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching], metal chelation, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and MTT [ (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] reduction. Qualitative phytochemical analysis were also employed. Results. P. umbellatum, locally known as kamamba and C. longa, locally known as luyang dilaw showed high antioxidant activity using DPPH and MTT assays by 82.46±0.75% and 82.35±1.79% and 78.46±0.71% and 60.97±2.60% at 66.67 μg/mL, respectively. FRAP assay revealed a comparable reducing power with BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) (93.61±0.56%) at 72.15 μg/mL in C. longa (92.49±1.32%), P. umbellatum (92.38±0.64%), and Z. officinale (90.33±2.06%) (luya), but found with low metal chelating activity. The highest activity against hydroxyl radical were observed in S. edule (sayote) (34.30±1.88%), P. edulis (pasyonaryo) (33.48±1.34%) and D. philippinensis (katmon) (34.71±0.85%) at 45.5 μg/mL. On the other hand, Z. officinale, C. esculenta (gabi), V. unguiculata (sitaw) fruit and D. philippinensis showed dual action, as antioxidant and as pro-oxidant, in Superoxide Scavenging and Nitric Oxide assays. Quezon province plant foods contain flavonoids, phenolic compounds, glycosides and coumarins and quinones which may explain their behavior as antioxidant.Conclusion. The study revealed that different plant foods showed different capacity to scavenge particular oxidants. However, P. umbellatum and C. longa may be considered promising sources of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Flower Extracts of Hibiscus vitifolius L

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. Prabhakaran ◽  
A. Rajeshkanna ◽  
M. M. Senthamilselvi ◽  
S. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Powder Sample ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: To determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the solid powder extracted from the ethyl acetate fraction of the flower Hibiscus vitifolius L. Methods: The flower extract assessed for antioxidant activity using the 1,1–diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazile (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and the reduced power assay was performed using the Ferric Reducing Capacity (FRC) assay. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to test the production method of nitric oxide (NO). Results: The solid powder extracted from the ethyl acetate fraction of the flower Hibiscus vitifolius L showed good antioxidant activity in the scavenging DPPH radicals and the FRC assay compared to the standard sample. This powder sample also showed good anti-inflammatory activity in cell viability (LPS induced PBMC) assay and nitric oxide (NO) assay.  Conclusion: These results suggest that the powder sample extracted from the ethyl acetate fraction of the flower Hibiscus vitifolius L has substantial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Process optimization of ultrasonication-assisted extraction to obtain antioxidant-rich extract from Spirulina platensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Kana Pyne ◽  
Paramita Bhattacharjee ◽  
Prem Prakash Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Volume

In this study highlights on the optimization of extraction process parameters of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity from Spirulina platensis, through ultrasonication (probe) technology. Especially, optimization of ultrasonication parameters was carried out employing Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and response surface methodology. Alongside the three levels of extraction parameters i.e. solvent volume, extraction time and frequency have been fixed. As responses, the total yield of extract, total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) of the extracts were determined. The variability of each response variable was determined by developing multiple linear regressions. The statistical analysis (ANOVA) of developed mathematical models allowed the prediction of the behaviour of the responses, as a function of the variables involved in the process. The optimized extraction conditions were obtained at 58.76 kHz frequency, 10 mL of solvent volume for 6 min. Simultaneously this extract exhibited the highest content of total phenolic content (30.89 mg GAE/g powder), IC50 for DPPH activity (151.27 µg/mL). The extract exhibited an important antioxidant i.e. caffeic acid, which was quantified as 660.72±41.05 µg/g of dry algal powder using HPLC. In spite of fact that, this study offers an alternative method for obtaining natural antioxidants from algae for food and pharmaceutical applications. Keywords: Microalgae; Probe sonication extraction; Total phenolic content; Antioxidant activity

scholarly journals Methionine Augments Antioxidant Activity of Rice Protein during Gastrointestinal Digestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Zhengxuan Wang ◽  
Mingcai Liang ◽  
Liang Cai ◽  
Lin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rice Protein ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

To elucidate the influence of methionine, which is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid, on the antioxidant activity of rice protein (RP), methionine was added to RP (RM). The addition of methionine to RM0.5, RM1.0, RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5 was 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, 2.0-, and 2.5-fold of methionine of RP, respectively. Using the in vitro digestive system, the antioxidant capacities of scavenging free radicals (superoxide; nitric oxide; 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, ABTS), chelating metal (iron), and reducing power were investigated in the hydrolysates of RP and RMs. Upon pepsin-pancreatin digestion, the weakest antioxidant capacity was produced by RP. With the addition of methionine, RMs exhibited more excellent responses to free radical scavenging activities and reducing power than RP, whereas RMs did not produce the marked enhancements in iron chelating activity as compared to RP. The present study demonstrated that RMs differently exerted the free radical scavenging activities that emerged in the protein hydrolysates, in which the strongest scavenging capacities for ABTS, superoxide, and nitric oxide were RM1.5, RM2.0, and RM2.5, respectively. Results suggested that the availability of methionine is a critical factor to augment antioxidant ability of RP in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals In vitro ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF AN INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANT – Pterospermum rubiginosum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-696
Author(s):  
Rajamohanan J Anish ◽  
◽  
Arun A Rauf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The current study was carried out to determine the antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory activity, and cellular viability of Pterospermum rubiginosum (PR), a tropical tree endemic to the Western Ghats. The antioxidant activities of the PR bark methanolic (PRME) and aqueous extract (PRAQ) were tested using ABTS as well as superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radical assays. Total antioxidant activity was evaluated by adopting the colorimetric method and correlation with their antioxidant activities was derived by Pearson co-efficient analysis. The PRME showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity, EC50 (46.09µg/ml) followed by PRAQ (52.08µg/ml). Furthermore, the PRME exhibited the highest scavenging activity against superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals. The MTT assay results revealed good cellular viability up to a concentration of 100µg/ml with an EC50 (106.869µg/ml). The inflammatory mediators such as Cox-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-kB were reduced during the treatment of PRME in LPS stimulated RAW cells. The stress marker in rat liver cells such as glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels was found in normal levels when compared to the untreated group of rats. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and catalase also exhibited notable bioactivity in PRME treated groups up to a concentration of 1000µg/ml. The present study showed excellent In vitro and In vivo antioxidant activity; the potent anti-inflammatory ability of PRME in reducing the LPS induced inflammation in cell culture conditions.

Investigation of Oral Subacute Toxicity and In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Standardized Methanolic Extract of Quercus serrata Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maibam Beebina Chanu ◽  
Biseshwori Thongam ◽  
Khumukcham Nongalleima ◽  
Hans Raj Bhat ◽  
Surajit Kumar Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Quercus Serrata ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Toxicological Profile

Background: Quercus serrata Murray leaves have been used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes, dysmenorrhoea, inflammation and urinary tract infection. So, far no study had been reported on the toxicological profile and antioxidant properties of the plant. Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the in-vivo toxicological profile and in-vitro antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of standardized Quercus serrata leaves. Methods: Per-oral sub-acute toxicity study was performed in rats using three dose levels (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg b.w.) of the extract for 28-days. Control group received gum acacia suspended in water. Bodyweight was measured weekly. Biochemical parameters were analysed using the serum, the blood-cell count was done using whole blood. Pathological changes were also checked in highly perfused tissues. Further, in-vitro reducing power assay, nitric oxide scavenging assay, DPPH free-radical scavenging assay were performed to check the antioxidant activity of the extract. Results: There were no significant alterations in the blood-cell count and biochemical parameters analysed in the treatment group when compared with the normal control. Histopathology study of liver, kidney, pancreas, heart and brain revealed normal cellular architecture in the treatment groups alike the control group animals. Quercus serrata also showed a significant reduction of DPPH with IC50 4.48±0.254 µg/mL, in-vitro reducing power activity with IC50121.65±0.320 µg/mL and nitric oxide scavenging activity IC50 106.43±0.338 µg/mL. Conclusion: The above study showed that standardized methanolic extract of Quercus serrata leaves was safe after subacute oral administration in rats and has good antioxidant potential.

Curcumin-based antioxidant and glycohydrolase inhibitor compounds: Synthesis and in vitro appraisal of the dual activity against diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Esmaeili ◽  
Nazanin Ghobadi ◽  
Donya Nazari ◽  
Alireza Pourhossein ◽  
Hassan Rasouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Background: Curcumin, as the substantial constituent of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), plays a significant role in the prevention of various diseases, including diabetes. It possesses ideal structure features as enzyme inhibitor, including a flexible backbone, hydrophobic nature, and several available hydrogen bond (H-bond) donors and acceptors. Objective: The present study aimed at synthesizing several novel curcumin derivatives and further evaluation of these compounds for possible antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties along with inhibitory effect against two carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as these enzymes are therapeutic targets for attenuation of postprandial hyperglycemia. Methods: Therefore, curcumin-based pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and identified using an instrumental technique like NMR spectroscopy and then screened for antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential. Total antioxidant activity, reducing power assay and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH• ) radical scavenging activity were done to appraisal the antioxidant potential of these compounds in vitro. Results: Compounds L6-L9 showed higher antioxidant activity while L4, L9, L12 and especially L8 exhibited the best selectivity index (lowest α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibition ratio). Conclusion: These antioxidant inhibitors may be potential anti-diabetic drugs, not only to reduce glycemic index but also to limit the activity of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing pathways.

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