scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Kelly Oriakhi ◽  
Kissinger Orumwensodia ◽  
Patrick Uadia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Background: Tetracarpidium conophorum (African walnut) is an African plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract and fractions (F) [n-hexane (HEX-F), dichloromethane (DCM-F) and, ethyl acetate (EA-F)] of T. conophorum seeds. Methods: Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity study were carried out using DPPH, ABTs radical scavenging assays, nitric oxide inhibitory and reducing potential assays. Results: Methanol extract and its fractions contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids content were significantly higher in EA-F and crude methanol extract compared to other fractions. Crude methanol and EA-F contain higher concentrations of tannin while hexane fraction had the lowest tannin content but relatively higher proanthocyanidin content compared to other fractions. The antioxidant activity study showed that both methanol crude extract and fractions of T. conophorum seeds have significant activities for DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant potential, nitric oxide inhibitory activities, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging for. DPPH radical scavenging activities of EA-F showed the lowest IC50 of 33.11 µg/mL, followed by Hex-F, DCM-F and crude methanol extract with IC50 of 33.43, 42.09 and 45.44 µg/mL, respectively, when compared to ascorbic acid with IC50 of 17.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study showed that T. conophorum seed is a rich source of secondary metabolites, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities of Macrosphyra Longistyla (DC) Hiern Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Elufioye ◽  
Chidimma G. Chinaka ◽  
Adebola O. Oyedeji
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Macrosphyra longistyla has been used in many traditional systems of medicine for its anti-hemorrhagic, antidiabetic, anti-ulcer, and anti-diarrhea properties. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitions of the crude methanol extracts and its various partitioned fractions were determined by a modified method of Ellman. An evaluation of the antioxidant activity was carried out using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and nitric oxide scavenging assays. The total flavonoids were estimated based on the aluminum chloride method, while the total tannins and phenolics were estimated based on the vanillin–HCl and Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, and the highest ferric reducing power with a concentration providing 50% inhibition (IC50) of 0.079 mg/mL and 0.078 mg/mL, respectively, while the crude methanol extract had the highest nitric oxide scavenging activity with an IC50 of 0.008 mg/mL. The methanol extract had the highest phenolics and flavonoids contents, while the aqueous fraction had the highest tannin content. The crude methanol extract had the best AChE and BuChE inhibitory action, with an IC50 of 0.556 µg/mL and 5.541 µg/mL, respectively, suggesting that the plant had a better AChE inhibiting potential. A moderate correlation was observed between the phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging, NO radical scavenging, and AChE inhibitory activities (r2 = 0.439, 0.430, and 0.439, respectively), while a high correlation was seen between the flavonoid content and these activities (r2 = 0.695, 0.724, and 0.730, respectively), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power correlated highly with the proautocyanidin content (r2 = 0.801). Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) revealed decanoic acid methyl ester (24.303%), 11,14-eicosadienoic acid methyl ester (16.788%), linoelaidic acid (10.444%), pentadecanoic acid (9.300%), and 2-methyl-hexadecanal (9.285%). Therefore, we suggest that M. longistyla contain bioactive chemicals, and could be a good alternative for the management of Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Fe2+ and SNP Lipid Peroxidation of African Mistletoes (Tapinanthus globiferus) from Three Selected Host Plants in Jos Plateau State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jane-Rose I. Oche ◽  
Titilayo O. Johnson ◽  
Augustina O. Akinsanmi ◽  
Kiri H. Jaryum ◽  
Timothy Francis
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antioxidative properties of the mistletoe plant obtained from three different host species namely Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa olifera lam. Study Design: Experimental Design Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: Crude methanolic leaf extracts were studied for their antioxidative properties; Iron reducing and Iron-chelating activities, Nitric oxide (NO) radical and 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and the lipid peroxidation and thiobarbituric acid reaction (TBAR) methods. One way ANOVA was used for the result analysis with P<.05 for significant difference. Results: Mistletoes from Psidum guajava (MSPG) had significantly higher reducing property (0.16 – 0.20mg/mL); the chelating property of Mistletoes from Moringa olifera (MSMO) was significantly lower (45.7 – 58.9%); DPPH radical scavenging activity had no significant difference; and Nitric oxide scavenging activity was significantly higher in MSPG (72.1% in 75mg/mL) than the extracts from other hosts. MSPG had significantly higher TBAR inhibition using both FeSO4 (77.8% at 125µg/mL) and Sodium nitroprusside (61.6+1.0% at 125µg/mL) with an IC50 of 30.27µg/mL . Extract of Tapinanthus globiferus leaves from Psidium guajava had more antioxidative activities in the TBARs followed by Tapinanthus globiferus leaf extract from Vernonia amygdalina (MSVA). Conclusion: From the study, mistletoes from Psidium guajava had higher antioxidant activity compared to other hosts, which probably justifies its use for treatment of cancer in traditional medicinal practice.

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ALPHA-AMYLASE, ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF FLOWERS OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
N. K Choudhary ◽  
◽  
J Dwivedi ◽  
S Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The present investigations were carried out to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant as well as antidiabetic activity of flowers of Calotropis gigantea. Different extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanolic extract) were prepared using successive solvent extraction method (soxhlet) and screened for its in vitro antioxidant activity using Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ABT S radical cation decolorization assay and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity and IC50 were calculated. In vitro antidiabetic activity was studied using α – amylase and α – glucosidase inhibitory assay. Chloroform extract, among the three extracts (i.e. petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanolic), showed maximum antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 151.23µg/ml, 73.56 µg/ml and 158.92µg/ml against DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical cation decolorization assay and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity respectively. The chloroform extract produced a significant in vitro antidiabetic activity with IC50 of 52.3µg/ml 18.2µg/ml against α – amylase and α – glucosidase enzymes but less inhibitory effect than standard acarbose.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF FRACTIONS FROM ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF GARCINIA FRUTICOSA LAUTERB. LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Shabrina ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Arikadia Noviani
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Objective: This study aimed to fractionate the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate leaf extract and to characterize the most active fractionsaccording to compound groups.Methods: The ethyl acetate extract was fractionated with column chromatography using a gradient elution system. Fractions were first screenedqualitatively for antioxidant activity before active fractions were quantified with respect to in vitro antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The compound groups were identifiedfollowing separation by thin-layer chromatography.Results: Fraction 11 exhibited the greatest DPPH radical-scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 6.58 μg/mL, while the fraction with the greatestantioxidant activity according to the FRAP assay was fraction 10, with a ferric ion equivalent antioxidant activity value of 1015.34 μmol/g.Conclusion: Compound group identification revealed that Fractions 10 and 11 contained flavonoids, with two common to both fractions, whilefraction 10 also contained one specific flavonoid.

STUDY OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SAXICOLOUS LICHEN $ \textit{XANTHOPARMELIA STENOPHYLLA} $

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2 (252)) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
A.G. Simonyan ◽  
R.R. Sargsyan ◽  
H.H. Panosyan ◽  
A.H. Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of different extracts of saxicolous lichen Xanthoparmelia stenophylla sampled from Norashen, Gegharkunik Province of Armenia were studied. Methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts of lichen thalli were demonstrated to have activity against only tested gram-positive bacteria. Methanol extract of the lichen showed the highest amount of DPPH radical scavenging activity (~68%). Our studies did not reveal any significant antibacterial and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract.

scholarly journals Determination of Antioxidant Activity and Total Tannin from Drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Leaves Using Different Solvent Extraction Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2749-2755
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afzal Hossain ◽  
Nadia Khan Disha ◽  
Jahid Hasan Shourove ◽  
Pappu Dey
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

This study was undertaken to estimate the antioxidant activity and total tannin content of Moringa olifera Lam. (Moringa) leaves and find a suitable extraction condition for maximum yield. Two types of solvent and three different extraction times and temperatures were experimented for extraction. Moringa leaves were oven-dried and powdered to determine the antioxidant activity in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH radical scavenging activity and total tannin content. The maximum TPC value noted in methanol extract, and it ranges from 6.46 ± 0.34 g to 3.91±0.19 g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100g dry sample (DM). The FRAP values varied from 211.6 ± 3.75 to 344.13 ± 3.26 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/100g DM and 166.67 ± 2.90 to 224.93 ± 1.94 mg AAE/100g DM, for methanol and ethanol extract, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 46.32 ± 1.07 to 58.09 ± 0.92% for methanol extract and 56.76 ± 1.48% to 69.72 ± 1.15% for ethanol extract. The total tannin content varied from 6.84 ± 0.05 to 10.22 ± 1.11 mg GAE/100 g dry sample and 6.77 ± 0.08 to 9.23 ± 0.51 mg GAE/ 100g DMfor methanol and ethanol extract, respectively. The highest antioxidant yield for methanol and ethanol extract of Moringa leaves differed for various conditions. Overall, Moringa leaves showed excellent antioxidant properties that can be commercially and domestically used.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3664
Author(s):  
Lingyun Zhong ◽  
Lianxin Peng ◽  
Jia Fu ◽  
Liang Zou ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Gallate ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Rhodiola Crenulata ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The chemical components, as well as the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil (EO) and crude extracts prepared from Rhodiola crenulata were investigated. The essential oil was separated by hydrodistillation, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify its constituents. A total of twenty-seven compounds was identified from the EO, and its major components were 1-octanol (42.217%), geraniol (19.914%), and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol (13.151%). Solvent extraction and fractionation were applied for preparing the ethanol extract (crude extract, CE), petroleum ether extract (PE), ethyl acetate extract (EE), n-butanol extract (BE), and water extract (WE). The CE, EE and BE were abundant in phenols and flavonoids, and EE had the highest total phenol and total flavonoid contents. Gallic acid, ethyl gallate, rosavin and herbacetin were identified in the EE. The antibacterial activity results showed that the EO exhibited moderate inhibitory activity to the typical clinic bacteria, and EE exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity among the five extracts. For the compounds, ethyl gallate showed the strongest inhibitory activity to the test bacteria, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value for all the tested bacteria was 0.24 mg/mL and 0.48 mg/mL, respectively. The results of antioxidant activity showed that both CE and EE exhibited strong antioxidant activities in the DPPH radical scavenging and Fe2+ reducing power tests, however, EO showed relatively weaker antioxidant ability. Ethyl gallate and rosavin exhibited excellent activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, and their IC50 value was 5.3 µg/mL and 5.9 µg/mL, respectively. Rosavin showed better reduction power activity than the other three compounds. These results could provide more evidence for the traditional use of R. crenulata, and would be helpful for improving its application further.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF CORCHORUS OLITORIUS

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Abdul Sadat ◽  
Mayukh Hore ◽  
Kaushik Chakraborty ◽  
Subhrajyoti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro preliminary phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extracts of Corchorus olitorius L. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity method.Methods: Fresh jute leaves (immature, mature and senescence) were collected, air dried and the crude powder was prepared for phytochemical and antioxidant analysis. The powder was mixed with 70% methanol and the supernatant was separated. The antioxidant activity of this methanolic extract was measured on the basis of the scavenging activity of the stable 1, 1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical with slight modifications. Phytochemical analysis was performed according to standard laboratory protocol.Results: The results indicated the presence of different phytochemicals viz. glycosides, steroids, cholesterol, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, riboflavin, saponins and terpenoids. The sample also showed antioxidant activity by inhibiting DPPH radical. The significant antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extract of might be due to the presence of saponins, phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids found in the preliminary phytochemical analysis.Conclusion: Present study reveals that the jute leaf possesses different phytonutrients and exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity, and therefore, may be used for therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Abietane Diterpenoids Isolated from Clerodendrum bracteatum and Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4870
Author(s):  
Pingting Li ◽  
Lingling Li ◽  
Qin Zhu ◽  
Mingfeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Mtt Method ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Abietane Diterpenoids ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Two new abietane diterpenoids (1,2), along with five known diterpenoids (3–7), were first isolated and purified from the stems of Clerodendrum bracteatum. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive analysis of mass spectrometric and 1-D, 2-D NMR spectroscopic data. Their antioxidant activities were determined on DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the compounds were evaluated against the HL-60 and A549 cell lines by the MTT method.

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