scholarly journals Testing of the Greenhouse Emission Model for application of plant protection products via drip irrigation in soilless cultivation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Wipfler ◽  
◽  
W.H.J. Beltman ◽  
J.J.T.I. Boesten ◽  
M.J.J. Hoogsteen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Soilless Cultivation ◽  
Greenhouse Emission

scholarly journals Features of protection of intertilled crops under irrigation conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Fedir Melnychuk ◽  
Olha Marchenko ◽  
Andrii Shatkovskyi ◽  
Igor Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Active Substances

Irrigation not only changes the ecological conditions of cultivation, but also modifies the existing phytopathocenoses and entomocomplexes, exerting a comprehensive and multi-vector effect, which requires significant changes in protection technologies, development of new methods of pest control. It is important to select a modern range of chemicals that can be effectively used in chemicalisation. The purpose of the study is to identify promising active substances of pesticides for drip irrigation and to develop schemes for their application. Field experiments to determine the effectiveness of certain groups of pesticides under drip irrigation were conducted in the Dry Steppe of Ukraine. The application of the studied drugs took place on the drip irrigation system. To plan research on the use of pesticides under drip irrigation, schemes have been developed to protect row crops: corn, tomatoes, and soybeans. Selected active substances, which are described by translaminar and acropetal movement on the plant, have a systemic nature of action and are highly effective when used in drip irrigation technologies. It is considered that one of the important disadvantages of application of plant protection products with irrigation water is the limitation of application periods by irrigation regimes. The highest efficiency against the main pathogens was observed with the combined method of pesticide application according to the developed schemes. This method involves the use of pesticides together with irrigation water and additional chemical treatment with conventional methods of fertilisation during the growing season. For its part, this allows for preventive treatments in a short time and adjust the timing of treatments depending on the phytosanitary situation

scholarly journals Electrochemically activated water (ECHAW): history of discovery, specificity of the process, current state and prospects of its application under irrigation conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
M. I. Romashchenko ◽  
B. I. Konakov ◽  
V. V. Polishchuk ◽  
S. V. Usatyi
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Electrochemical Activation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Activation Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrochemically Activated Water

The history of the discovery, the specificity of the process and the current state of the use of electrochemically activated water (ECHAW) in various sectors of the economy are analyzed and the possibilities of its use in irrigation are determined. It has been established that the most promising area of ​​application of ECHAW in irrigated agriculture are drip irrigation systems. The adding an anolyte to water during drip irrigation can significantly reduce (or even eliminate) the need to use plant protection products and the adding an catholyte significantly accelerates the development and increases the yield of agricultural crops against the background of improving product quality. The ecological consequences of this are the reduction of anthropogenic load on irrigated lands through the complete or partial replacement of chemical plant protection products with anolyte, which is an environmentally safe liquid; economic - increasing profitability and reducing the payback period of land irrigation projects. It has been determined that the prospect of using ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is due to the fact that the water supply technology allows supplying catholyte and anolyte to the field with minimal losses of activation potential. A predisposing factor for the use of ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is also their design according to a modular principle, which contributes to the possibility of equipping water treatment units of systems with ECHAW modules. At the same time, the design of systems should be carried out taking into account not only the need to ensure uniform distribution of water by droppers over the field, but also with the preservation of the activation potential of electrochemically activated components of irrigation water. Based on the foregoing, it can be considered that the development of means of electrochemical activation of water for irrigation needs, as well as technologies for the use of such water in growing crops is relevant and timely. The deployment of fundamental and applied research will contribute to the development of domestic equipment for the industrial production of ECHAW and will allow adapting the world technologies of their use to the conditions and needs of the Ukrainian manufacturer and consumer. The use of electrochemically activated water in drip irrigation systems can be especially effective.

scholarly journals Soil pest control for maize when applying drip and sprinkler irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
F. S. Melnychuk ◽  
S. A. Alekseeva ◽  
O. V. Hordiienko ◽  
L. M. Melnychuk ◽  
K. B. Shatkovska
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Crop Density

In Ukraine, the application of pesticides along with irrigation water (pestigation) is becoming more widespread and popular. The use of insecticides when applying them along with irrigation water on reclamation systems (insecticide method) is a reliable way to reduce the number of dangerous pests. The advantage of this method is the possibility of timely delivery of plant protection products to crops during their critical periods, and rapid application of pesticides regardless of weather conditions. The use of insecticides along with drip irrigation to control owlet moth caterpillars was carried out in the II-III decades of June. The most effective products were: Woliam Flexi 300 SC, Ampligo 150 ZC FC and Enzhio, 247, SC. Among the one-component products reliable protection of crop plants was provided by Actara, 240 SC. Under drip irrigation, owlet moth larvae control proved was rather effective, reaching 85,7-100%. On the variant with the maximum rate of insecticides, the highest efficiency was provided by the preps of Woliam Flexi 300 SC, Ampligo 150 ZC and Enzhio, 247 SC (97,1-100%). Against the larvae of Agriotes the reliable protection of corn when applying insecticides along with drip irrigation, was obtained on the variant with Voliam Flexi 300 SC, KS, where having an application rate of 0,3 l/ha, the protection level was 97,1%. Reduction in the number of owlet moth caterpillars and Agriotes arvae on the variants of the experiment provided crop density and enabled to obtain a higher yield of corn grain. When applying  Woliam Flexi 300 SC, Ampligo 150 ZC and Enzhio, 247 SC, at the maximum application rates, the crop density averaged 84-88 thou /ha. In general, on the variants of the experiment when the maximum rates of multi-agent preps were applied, the maize productivity was 2,0-2,4 t/ha. higher than the figures on the reference variants.

scholarly journals Effect of the Application Date of Fertilizer Containing Silicon and Potassium on the Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet Roots

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Alicja Siuda
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Technological Quality

Water shortage and drought are a growing problem in Europe. Therefore, effective methods for limiting its effects are necessary. At the same time, the “field to fork” strategy adopted by the European Commission aims to achieve a significant reduction in the use of plant protection products and fertilizers in the European Union. In an experiment conducted in 2018–2020, the effect of the method of foliar fertilization containing silicon and potassium on the yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots was assessed. The fertilizer was used in seven combinations, differing in the number and time of application. The best results were obtained by treating plants during drought stress. The better soil moisture for the plants, the smaller the pure sugar yield increase was observed. It is difficult to clearly state which combination of silicon and potassium foliar application is optimal, as their effects do not differ greatly.

scholarly journals The Role of Source‐sink Dynamics in the Assessment of Risk to Non‐target Arthropods from the Use of Plant Protection Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Lewis ◽  
Axel Dinter ◽  
Charlotte Elston ◽  
Michael Thomas Marx ◽  
Christoph Julian Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Source Sink

Measurements of the dermal exposure to bystanders from direct off‐crop drift during the application of plant protection products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. Kuster ◽  
Nicola J. Hewitt ◽  
Clare Butler Ellis ◽  
Christian Timmermann ◽  
Thomas Anft
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Dermal Exposure

scholarly journals Field assessment of a pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system applying different spray volumes: duty cycle and forward speed effects on vines spray coverage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Grella ◽  
Fabrizio Gioelli ◽  
Paolo Marucco ◽  
Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽  
Eric Mozzanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Spray System

AbstractThe pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system is the most advanced technology to obtain variable rate spray application without varying the operative sprayer parameters (e.g. spray pressure, nozzle size). According to the precision agriculture principles, PWM is the prime technology that allows to spray the required amount where needed without varying the droplet size spectra which benefits both the uniformity of spray quality and the spray drift reduction. However, some concerns related to the effect of on–off solenoid valves and the alternating on/off action of adjacent nozzles on final uneven spray coverage (SC) have arisen. Further evaluations of PWM systems used for spraying 3D crops under field conditions are welcomed. A tower-shaped airblast sprayer equipped with a PWM was tested in a vineyard. Twelve configurations, combining duty cycles (DC: 30, 50, 70, 100%) and forward speeds (FS: 4, 6, 8 km h−1), were tested. Two methodologies, namely field-standardized and real field conditions, were adopted to evaluate the effect of DC and FS on (1) SC variability (CV%) along both the sprayer travel direction and the vertical spray profile using long water sensitive papers (WSP), and (2) SC uniformity (IU, index value) within the canopy at different depths and heights, respectively. Furthermore, the SC (%) and deposit density (Nst, no stains cm−2), determined using short WSP, were used to evaluate the spray application performances taking into account the spray volumes applied. Under field-controlled conditions, the pulsing of the PWM system affects both the SC variability measured along the sprayer travel direction and along the vertical spray profile. In contrast, under real field conditions, the PWM system does not affect the uniformity of SC measured within the canopy. The relationship between SC and Nst allowed identification of the ranges of 200–250 and 300–370 l ha−1 as the most suitable spray volumes to be applied for insecticide and fungicide plant protection products, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document