Effects of changing land use in the Netherlands on net carbon fixation.

The changed crop rotation on arable land, the decreasing grassland area and the increase in forest area in the Netherlands resulted in a decrease in C pool size. For the calculation of this C pool a method requiring only three input data (average amount of crop or tree residue rate, soil organic matter decomposition and the humification coefficient) has been applied. However the method can only be applied to situations in equilibrium where all three input data are equal. For a changing land use a new state of equilibrium and rate of change in C pool size can be calculated. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Sea spray and land use affect clay mineral and soil organic matter properties in soil on machair (Harris, Scotland)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4425 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thilo Rennert ◽

Ludger Herrmann

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Arable Land ◽

Clay Fraction ◽

Sea Spray ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Pedogenic Process

&#8216;Machair&#8217; describes a landscape form that is present along the Atlantic seaboard of Scotland and Ireland, and that is characterized by a gently sloping coastal plain developed from aeolian carbonate and quartzose sand. We characterized three grassland soil profiles along a coastal transect on Harris (Outer Hebrides, Scotland) by standard methods (colour, texture, pH, wet-chemical extractions), infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Our aim was to understand the impacts of humankind, matter input, weathering and accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) on chemical processes and soil properties. One of the profiles differed distinctly from the other two, in particular regarding depth, texture, carbonate and SOM contents, and properties of SOM (relative content of rather labile permanganate-oxidizable SOM, transformation state), presumably caused by earlier land use as arable land. We classified the soil with the least depth as Hypereutric Leptosol, and the others as Cambic and Calcaric Phaeozem. Thermally stable SOM was present in all samples, likely pointing to pyrogenic SOM, i.e. black carbon. The mineralogical composition differed among the profiles and reflected the intermediate character of the local rocks. In all topsoil horizons, we identified Mg-hydroxy-interlayered minerals (HIMs), which are rather rare, given the commonly low abundance of Mg ions in the soil solution relative to Ca, or Al in acidic soil. The share of Mg-HIMs of the total minerals in the clay fraction ranged from 25% in a subsoil to 71% in a topsoil horizon. We suggest that sea spray is the source of subsequently intercalated Mg. This composition of the clay fraction, which is possibly typical of soil on certain machair sites, and is the result of a pedogenic process, surely affects soil properties and processes such as cation exchange capacity and SOM storage and thus element cycles.

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Accumulation patterns of soil organic matter in forests as a legacy of historical charcoal burning

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5161 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Schneider ◽

Alexander Bonhage ◽

Florian Hirsch ◽

Alexandra Raab ◽

Thomas Raab

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Large Scale ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Landscape Scale ◽

Legacy Effects ◽

Charcoal Production ◽

Study Region ◽

Land Use Legacies

Human land use and occupation often lead to a high heterogeneity of soil stratigraphy and properties in landscapes within small, clearly delimited areas. Legacy effects of past land use also are also abundant in recent forest areas. Although such land use legacies can occur on considerable fractions of the soil surface, they are hardly considered in soil mapping and inventories. The heterogenous spatial distribution of land use legacy soils challenges the quantification of their impacts on the landscape scale. Relict charcoal hearths (RCH) are a widespread example for the long-lasting effect of historical land use on soil landscapes in forests of many European countries and also northeastern USA. Soils on RCH clearly differ from surrounding forest soils in their stratigraphy and properties, and are most prominently characterized by a technogenic substrate layer with high contents of charcoal. The properties of RCH soils have recently been studied for several regions, but their relevance on the landscape scale has hardly been quantified.We analyse and discuss the distribution and ecological relevance of land use legacy soils across scales for RCH in the state of Brandenburg, Germany, with a focus on soil organic matter (SOM) stocks. Our analysis is based on a large-scale mapping of RCH from digital elevation models (DEM), combined with modelled SOM stocks in RCH soils.&#160;The distribution of RCH soils in the study region shows heterogeneity at different scales. The large-scale variation is related to the concentration of charcoal production to specific forest areas and the small-scale accumulation pattern is related to the irregular distribution of single RCH within the charcoal production fields. Considerable fractions of the surface area are covered by RCH soils in the major charcoal production areas within the study region. The results also show that RCH can significantly contribute to the soil organic matter stocks of forests, even for areas where they cover only a small fraction of the soil surface. The study highlights that considering land use legacy effects can be relevant for the results of soil mapping and inventories; and that prospecting and mapping land use legacies from DEM can contribute to improving such approaches.

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Land Use and Soil Management Effects on Soil Organic Matter Dynamics on Alfisols In Western Nigeria

Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle ◽

10.1201/9780203739273-9 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 109-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Lal

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Management ◽

Soil Organic Matter Dynamics ◽

Organic Matter Dynamics ◽

Management Effects

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Land use impacts on physical-based soil organic matter fractions on three hillside Ferrasols in Mexico

Chilean journal of agricultural research ◽

10.4067/s0718-58392011000200014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 283-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francisco Matus ◽

Claudia Hidalgo ◽

Carlos Monreal ◽

Isabel Estrada ◽

Mariela Fuentes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Land Use Impacts ◽

Soil Organic Matter Fractions ◽

Organic Matter Fractions

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Changes in the soil’s biological and chemical properties due to the land use

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/44/2019-swr ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 228-236

Author(s):

Eva Horáková ◽

Lubica Pospíšilová ◽

Vitězslav Vlček ◽

Ladislav Menšík

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Arable Land ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Biological Stability ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Basal Soil Respiration ◽

And Chemical Properties

Increasing the soil productivity is challenged by the increasing biotic threat to plants and microorganisms, by the resistance to agrochemicals, and by the declining soil health. Soil management strategy is, therefore, aimed at erosion prevention and the minimisation of soil organic matter losses. A key factor in an agroecosystem is the appropriate biological stability. It is essential not only at present, but also for further sustainable agriculture. This study was based on the hypothesis that afforestation and conversion from arable land to permanent grassland improves the organic matter status and biological stability in the agroecosystem. The experiment was conducted from 2014 to 2018 in the Uhřice bio-corridor (Kroměříž region, the Czech Republic). Haplic Luvisol has been investigated for its basic biological and chemical properties after the arable land was converted to a natural vegetation system. The afforested segment (F), permanent grassland segment (G), and arable land segment (A) have been sampled in the upper soil horizon (0–0.30 m). Standard analytical methods were applied for the determination of the basic soil properties. A principal component analysis and factor analysis were used for interpreting the connection between the parameters of the soil organic carbon, the humic substances, the humic acids, and the fulvic acids, the agrochemical properties of the soil (the pH, the content of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, etc.), and the soil biological properties (basal soil respiration (BSR), the ratios of the N/BSR, NG/BSR, etc.). After five years of investigation, the differences in the studied parameters were evident. The factor analysis and multivariate exploratory techniques showed that the soil properties were grouped based on the management into three different categories – F, G and A. The different land use directly influenced the quality and stability of the humic substances, basal soil respiration, and carbon and nitrogen utilisation. In comparison to the arable land, the forest and grassland were considered to have a higher accumulation potential of carbon and nitrogen. A negative correlation between the soil basal respiration (r = –0.95); total nitrogen (r = –0.93); total organic carbon (Cox) content (r = –0.82); and partial Ca (r = –0.82) was found. A positive correlation (r = 0.80) between the humic substances (C-HS) and soil reaction (pH) was determined.

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Land Use Changes Affecting Soil Organic Matter Accumulation in Topsoil and Subsoil in Northeast Thailand

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2020/8241739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Benjapon Kunlanit ◽

Laksanara Khwanchum ◽

Patma Vityakon

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Soil Depth ◽

General Pattern ◽

Clay Fraction ◽

High Rate ◽

Soil Profiles ◽

Land Uses

The objectives of this study were to investigate effects of land use on accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) in the soil profile (0–100 cm) and to determine pattern of SOM stock distribution in soil profiles. Soil samples were collected from five soil depths at 20 cm intervals from 0 to 100 cm under four adjacent land uses including forest, cassava, sugarcane, and paddy lands located in six districts of Maha Sarakham province in the Northeast of Thailand. When considering SOM stock among different land uses in all locations, forest soils had significantly higher total SOM stocks in 0–100 cm (193 Mg·C·ha−1) than those in cassava, sugarcane, and paddy soils in all locations. Leaf litter and remaining rice stover on soil surfaces resulted in a higher amount of SOM stocks in topsoil (0–20 cm) than subsoil (20–100 cm) in some forest and paddy land uses. General pattern of SOM stock distribution in soil profiles was such that the SOM stock declined with soil depth. Although SOM stocks decreased with depth, the subsoil stock contributes to longer term storage of C than topsoils as they are more stabilized through adsorption onto clay fraction in finer textured subsoil than those of the topsoils. Agricultural practices, notably applications of organic materials, such as cattle manure, could increase subsoil SOM stock as found in some agricultural land uses (cassava and sugarcane) in some location in our study. Upland agricultural land uses, notably cassava, caused high rate of soil degradation. To restore soil fertility of these agricultural lands, appropriate agronomic practices including application of organic soil amendments, return of crop residues, and reduction of soil disturbance to increase and maintain SOM stock, should be practiced.

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Understanding of Forest Cover Dynamics in Traditional Landscapes: Mapping Trajectories of Changes in Mountain Territories (1824–2016), on the Example of Jeleniogórska Basin, Poland

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11080867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 867 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justyna Jaworek-Jakubska ◽

Maciej Filipiak ◽

Anna Napierała-Filipiak

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Land Cover ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Local Development ◽

Arable Land ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Depth Analysis

Though on a global scale, for ecological reasons, increased forest cover is universally regarded as positive, on a local scale, the reforestation of arable land may pose threats to cultural landscapes by removing characteristic landscape features. Particularly vulnerable are marginal rural areas, e.g., mountain regions, where most traditional land use systems have survived and which are subject to the most spectacular land use change. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the issue of the management of forest cover in historical cultural landscapes in mountain territories in Poland within the context of widespread land use change in Eastern Europe. Land cover data were obtained from historical and contemporary aerial photographs, as well as topographic maps from five time points between 1824 and 2016. The study was conducted by means of spatio-temporal forest cover trajectory analysis (LCTA), transition and time–depth analysis, and land cover change calculations that were made by means of ArcGIS. Our research indicates that the rate of change has risen considerably in the last two decades, and the current share of forest cover is much bigger than that reflected in the official data. Eight principal forest cover trajectory types were identified. The biggest area is occupied by woodland of long-term stability. Another large group is constituted by forests created on the basis of arable land and grassland as a result of simple conversion at one point in time, mainly in the years 1824–1886 and 1939–1994. At the same time, a sizeable group is made up by areas that have been subject to unplanned cyclical or dynamic changes during various periods. A very important group is comprised new forests that were created in 1994–2016, predominantly as a result of natural succession, that are often not included in official land classifications. The constant expansion of woodlands has led to a shrinking of historical former coppice woodlands. This indicates that the current landscape management mechanisms in Poland are inadequate for protecting the cultural landscape. The barriers include the lack of intersectoral cooperation and the overlooking of the historical context of landscapes. The present situation calls not only for verification of the existing forest policy but also for increasing the role and engagement of local communities, as well as making comprehensive local development plans, all of which may be helped by the findings of our study and of similar research.

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