scholarly journals Learning across disciplines in socio-environmental problem framing

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 17895
Author(s):  
Deana Pennington ◽  
Shirley Vincent ◽  
David Gosselin ◽  
Kate Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Problem Framing ◽  
Negotiation Processes ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Framework

Modelling complex socio-environmental problems requires integration of knowledge across disparate fields of expertise. A key challenge is understanding how social learning across disciplines occurs in scientific research teams, in order that integrated knowledge is co-created. This article introduces a new framework for training researchers to integrate their knowledge across disciplines, based on current understanding of how inter- and transdisciplinary learning in research teams occurs. The framework was generated from a synthesis of learning, cognitive, and social science theories, and combines facilitated, structured negotiation processes with co-creation of boundary objects. It was used in two, 9 to 10-day intensive training workshops for doctoral students. This article describes the framework, workshop design, analysis of data collected during the workshops related to knowledge integration processes, what has been learned from the results, and the impact on participants. All participants indicated the experience was transformative, provided knowledge and skills unavailable elsewhere, filled gaps in their graduate education programs, and improving confidence in their capacity for inter- and transdisciplinary research. Pre- and post-workshop surveys confirm that the framework changed participants’ knowledge, behaviors, and competencies for engaging across disciplines. Many students have reported they have used the framework in a variety of other research and education settings, indicating they are able to transfer their new competencies to other contexts. Findings contribute to understanding of how to more effectively train researchers to integrate knowledge across disciplines for complex societal problem solving.

scholarly journals Disruptions, distractions, and discoveries: Doctoral students’ reflections on a pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 147332502097334
Author(s):  
Chinyere Y Eigege ◽  
Priscilla P Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Social Work Education ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
Work Education ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes the reflections of two social work PhD students based on their personal and professional experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic. The students describe their positionality and use that to expound on the impact of the pandemic on their lives. They reflect on the disruptions to their social work education and research priorities including transitioning to online learning and modifications to research agendas. They then discuss ongoing distractions such as worries about getting sick, mental health concerns, and financial constraints. They share their discoveries about glaring disparities in coronavirus infection and death rates, the need to adjust research agendas in response to current events, and the urgency for qualitative research strategies to add meaning to the numbers being reported. In addition, the authors describe shared experiences and intersections they discovered while writing this essay. Finally, recommendations for practice include recommitting to social work values to help surmount the ongoing waves of this pandemic; reimagining social work education so that disparities and injustice intersect with every subject taught and graduates become experts at leading social change; and harnessing the untapped potential of qualitative research to drive real, systemic change.

scholarly journals Racism camouflaged as impostorism and the impact on black STEM doctoral students

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ebony O. McGee ◽  
Portia K. Botchway ◽  
Dara E. Naphan-Kingery ◽  
Amanda J. Brockman ◽  
Stacey Houston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
The Impact

“Air pollution arrested not imprisoned”: The impact of laws invoked on Covid-19 city lockdowns

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Mensah Aboagye ◽  
◽  
Nana Osei Owusu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Air pollution continues to be an environmental problem that poses a lot of health risks to the young and aged. Developed countries have invested heavily to curb this environmental problem, causing severe threats to human lives, yet the results do not look convincing. In developing countries, the situation is difficult than they can imagine, resulting in governments borrowing to fight what looks like a lost battle [1-3]. The in-depth study of this environmental menace - air pollution, suggests that the government enacts stringent measures to help fight this battle. This is because air pollution has natural (volcanic eruption) and anthropogenic (human activities) causes. In December 2019, the deadly Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak was soon declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) [4]. Majority of countries have had their share of the impact of this outbreak. Many countries resorted to city lockdown to strictly control the movement of people and economic activities as recommended by WHO.

scholarly journals Global environmental problems in the world

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 11004
Author(s):  
Galina Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industries ◽  
The Impact

Air pollution is an environmental problem that is familiar to residents of absolutely all corners of the earth. It is especially acutely felt by residents of cities where enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, energy, chemical, petrochemical, construction, pulp and paper industries operate. In some cities, the atmosphere is also severely poisoned by vehicles and boiler houses. These are all examples of anthropogenic air pollution. The subject of the study is the emissions of carbon dioxide into the environment. The purpose of the study is to solve the problem of environmental pollution by harmful substances and preserve the ecology in the world. Methodology. The main indicators characterizing the impact on the environment - CO2 emissions in the global energy sector - have been systematized; two indicators have been identified that determine the level of atmospheric pollution. Results - the scale of the influence of atmospheric air pollution on human health and the entire ecosystem as a whole was revealed.

scholarly journals Craniomaxillofacial War Injuries in Misrata, Libya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim W Zaggut ◽  
Abdulhakim W Zaggut ◽  
Muhammad M Rahman ◽  
Youssef G ◽  
Holmes S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Blast Injuries ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
War Injuries ◽  
Injury Type ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Austere Environment ◽  
The Impact

Injury to the craniomaxillofacial (CMF) area has major implications for mortality and morbidity depending on many factors that influence the level of treatment. In warzones, the extent of CMF injuries is amplified mainly due to the damage caused by bomb blasts. This study presents CMF injury as the result of war incidents to highlight the differences in injury type as well as the impact that an austere environment has on treatment. The author has unique insight and experience of treating CMF injuries in Misrata, Libya, where there is ongoing civil conflict. Surgeons in Libyan hospitals require intensive training intervention to effectively manage gunshot injuries, blast injuries and disasters and while these cases represent an austere environment, conclusions can be drawn for recent incidents involving terrorism. This study presents an analysis of injury patterns of patients presenting with CMF trauma during the Misrata battle of the Libyan conflict in 2011.

scholarly journals HISTORIC MOLDOVA. HISTORICAL DISPARITIES, REGIONALISATION AND CROSS-BORDER INTEGRATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 920-926
Author(s):  
Cristian Ploscaru ◽  
IonuČ› Nistor
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Integration Strategies ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Impact

This study proposes a theoretical approach to the idea of a platform for research and education on the historical substance of regionalization in Romania, with reference to the case of the historical province of Moldova. Furthermore, to identify the consequences, reactions, weaknesses, opportunities afforded by administrative restructuring from a post-regionalization demographic and socioeconomic viewpoint. An inter-disciplinary analysis – historical, demographic, economic – the traits of a Romanian society stemming from Moldova, the historical dynamics that underpin the modern Romanian state, will provide a picture of the current situation, focused mainly on its causes while trying to find explanations rooted in economic and social behaviours and attitudes which came to define and inform the subsequent development strategy of regionalization, allowing Moldova to play a central economic role in relation to other territories, similar to the role it played in the past two centuries, in the context of European integration strategies, in neighbouring parts of the continent (Republic of Moldova, Ukraine). The theoretical approach involves three components, expanding concentrically: 1) component of knowledge / research; 2) digital platform; 3) e-learning component. The research component seeks dynamic historical development of Moldova, from the time after the Union of the Romanian Principalities until today, focusing on specific regional elements. We will try to identify and analyze the specific features of Moldova, links with other areas of historical Moldavia, as the interaction between them and the Romanian public policy. Within the demographic component, we look at the historical population dynamics of Moldova, including various ethnic and religious communities, rural-urban ratios, social and professional structures. Another issue concerns the economic and comparative analysis in space and time, with respect to Moldova historical economic dynamics parameters - resources, infrastructure, industry, agriculture, trade, transport, etc. Both aspects will be analyzed in correlation with the impact of a permanent political factor, pursuing public policies promoted by the political regimes in their chronological sequence.

scholarly journals From the European Health Community to the European Health Union: The Project of the Supranational Health and Research Organization of the European Countries and its Historical Destiny

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
A. O. Chetverikov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Legal Model ◽  
European Health ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the little-known pages of the legal regulation of international integration in Europe: the project of the creation in the middle of the 20th century of the European Health Community (EHC) and its relationship to the current project for the establishment of the European Health Union. The introduction examines the reasons for the ineffective response of the modern European Union (EU) to the global coronavirus pandemic, mainly due to the lack of European institutions, in contrast to the economy and a number of other spheres of public life, supranational powers in the field of health.The first section analyzes the main provisions of the draft EHC presented by the French Government in 1952 and became the subject of an international "preparatory conference" with the participation of 16 European countries at the end of the same year. The author gives special attention to the legal consolidation in the EHC draft founding treaty of "sanitary activities" (prevention and counteraction of various types of diseases); "cultural provisions" dedicated to the collection of information, the development of scientific research and education in the field of health; provisions on the creation of a common therapeutic and research infrastructure of the EHC; the political and legal nature of the EHC as a supranational organization with restrictions in its favor of the sovereign rights of the participating states.The second section describes and evaluates the domestic, foreign, and economic factors that prevented the creation of the EHC.The final section examines the impact of the EHC on the law-making and law-enforcement activities of the modern EU, and compares the legal model of the EHC with the model of the European Health Union, which was established in the end of 2020. There are also proposals for using the experience of European integration in the field of healthcare for the development of integration processes in a similar field between Russia and other former Soviet republics, including the creation of common medical and research centers under the auspices of the Union State of Russia and Belarus and (or) the Eurasian Economic Union, equipped with mega-science facilities (synchrotrons, etc.), other advanced infrastructure of scientific theoretical and scientific applied nature.

scholarly journals Aquatic Therapy Interventions and Disability: A Recreational Therapy Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Scott ◽  
Angela Wozencroft ◽  
Vincenzo Nocera ◽  
Kelsey Webb ◽  
Jodi Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Therapeutic Recreation ◽  
Recreational Therapy ◽  
Aquatic Therapy ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Aquatic therapy interventions are critical for individuals with disabilities and the role of the therapist is just as critical for successful and effective interventions. The field of therapeutic recreation trains students to develop and implement evidence-based facilitation techniques including the use of aquatic therapy to assist in helping clients achieve a change in functional status. This review of the literature examined the impact of aquatic therapy interventions on a variety of disabilities including osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, Cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, and mental health from a recreational therapy (RT) perspective. This review provides a variety of information on the positive benefits that may occur using aquatic therapy for diverse conditions. Examples include relaxation, stretching, and aerobic exercise and each has the ability to improve strength. It does appear that aquatic therapy interventions can provide a wide array of benefits that may reduce the burden associated with a variety of disabilities. These benefits may be useful in increasing the overall quality of life of a diverse group of disabilities. Likewise, due to the nature of RT, recreational therapists are in a unique position to provide plan and develop aquatic therapy interventions. However, it is the authors’ suggestion that those providing this service attend intensive training in order to provide aquatic therapy effectively. Additional research may be necessary to provide a more cohesive understanding of the impact of aquatic therapy on a variety of populations. Nonetheless, the information gleamed from this review, justify that aquatic therapy has benefits for a diverse clientele and thus may be useful in the implementation of RT programs.

A new framework for time-cost trade-off considering float loss impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Monir El-Sayegh ◽  
Rana Al-Haj
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Deterministic Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Project Duration ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Framework

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework for time–cost trade-off. The new framework provides the optimum time–cost value taking into account the float loss impact. Design/methodology/approach The stochastic framework uses Monte Carlo Simulation to calculate the effect of float loss on risk. This is later translated into an added cost to the trade-off problem. Five examples, from literature, are solved using the proposed framework to test the applicability of the developed framework. Findings The results confirmed the research hypothesis that the new optimum solution will be at a higher duration and cost but at a lower risk compared to traditional methods. The probabilities of finishing the project on time using the developed framework in all five cases were better than those using the classical deterministic optimization technique. Originality/value The objective of time–cost trade-off is to determine the optimum project duration corresponding to the minimum total cost. Time–cost trade-off techniques result in reducing the available float for noncritical activities and thus increasing the schedule risks. Existing deterministic optimization technique does not consider the impact of the float loss within the noncritical activities when the project duration is being crashed. The new framework allows project managers to exercise new trade-offs between time, cost and risk which will ultimately improve the chances of achieving project objectives.

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