scholarly journals Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological and Social Adjustment among Libyan Who Participated in 17th of February Revolution: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 677-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariha Omar M. Elfaydi ◽  
◽  
Ibrahim Mikail ◽  
Krembo Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic

Support for the mutual maintenance of pain and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liedl ◽  
M. O'Donnell ◽  
M. Creamer ◽  
D. Silove ◽  
A. McFarlane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Saturated Model ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundPain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are frequently co-morbid in the aftermath of a traumatic event. Although several models attempt to explain the relationship between these two disorders, the mechanisms underlying the relationship remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between each PTSD symptom cluster and pain over the course of post-traumatic adjustment.MethodIn a longitudinal study, injury patients (n=824) were assessed within 1 week post-injury, and then at 3 and 12 months. Pain was measured using a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to identify causal relationships between pain and PTSD.ResultsIn a saturated model we found that the relationship between acute pain and 12-month pain was mediated by arousal symptoms at 3 months. We also found that the relationship between baseline arousal and re-experiencing symptoms, and later 12-month arousal and re-experiencing symptoms, was mediated by 3-month pain levels. The final model showed a good fit [χ2=16.97, df=12, p>0.05, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.999, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.022].ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence of mutual maintenance between pain and PTSD.

scholarly journals High physical activity is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among individuals aged 15 years and older in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Peltzer ◽  
Supa Pengpid
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Symptom Criteria

Background: Some research seems to suggest that physical activity (PA) was beneficial for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Aim: This study examined the association between levels of PA and PTSD among individuals 15 years and above in South Africa.Setting: Community-based survey sample representative of the national population in South Africa.Methods: In all, 15 201 individuals (mean age 36.9 years) responded to the cross-sectional South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) in 2012.Results: One in five (20.1%) of participants reported exposure to at least one traumatic event in a lifetime, and 2.1% were classified as having a PTSD, 7.9% fulfilled PTSD re-experiencing criteria, 3.0% PTSD avoidance criteria and 4.3% PTSD hyperarousal criteria. Almost half (48.1%) of respondents had low PA, 17.4% moderate PA and 34.5% high PA. In logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, population group, employment status, residence status, number of trauma types, problem drinking, current tobacco use, sleep problems and depressive symptoms, high PA was associated with PTSD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75, confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–2.75), PTSD re-experiencing symptom criteria (OR = 1.43, CI = 1.09–1.86) and PTSD avoidance symptom criteria (OR = 1.74, CI = 1.18–2.59), but high PA was not associated with PTSD hyperarousal symptom criteria. In generalised structural equation modelling, total trauma events had a positive direct and indirect effect on PTSD mediated by high PA, and high PA had a positive indirect effect on PTSD, mediated by psychological distress and problem drinking.Conclusion: After controlling for relevant covariates, high PA was associated with increased PTSD symptomatology.

scholarly journals The role of peri-traumatic stress and disruption distress in predicting post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following exposure to a natural disaster

BJPsych Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
David M. Fergusson ◽  
L. John Horwood ◽  
Roger T. Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundFew studies have examined the contribution of specific disaster-related experiences to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.AimsTo examine the roles of peri-traumatic stress and distress due to lingering disaster-related disruption in explaining linkages between disaster exposure and PTSD symptoms among a cohort exposed to the 2010–2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquakes.MethodStructural equation models were fitted to data obtained from the Christchurch Health and Development Study at age 35 (n=495), 20–24 months following the onset of the disaster. Measures included: earthquake exposure, peri-traumatic stress, disruption distress and PTSD symptoms.ResultsThe associations between earthquake exposure and PTSD symptoms were explained largely by the experience of peri-traumatic stress during the earthquakes (β=0.189,P<0.0001) and disruption distress following the earthquakes (β=0.105,P<0.0001).ConclusionsThe results suggest the importance of minimising post-event disruption distress following exposure to a natural disaster.

Mood spectrum symptoms and adult separation anxiety in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and/or Complicated Grief

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1064-1064
Author(s):  
C. Carmassi ◽  
C. Socci ◽  
I. Pergentini ◽  
M. Corsi ◽  
E. Massimetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Post Traumatic

IntroductionComplicated grief (CG) is currently under consideration for inclusion in DSM-V and a major issue is whether it can be differentiated from major depression (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ObjectivesThere is evidence on the role of childhood but not separation anxiety as a significant risk factor for CG, and no study compared CG and PTSD patients with respect to these features.AimsTo compare adult separation anxiety in patients with PTSD versus CG or both conditions. Further, to investigate the possible impact of mood spectrum symptoms in the same samples.MethodsA total sample of 116 patients (66 PTSD, 22 CG and 28 with CG+PTSD) was recruited. Assessments included: the SCID-I/P, the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), the Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27), the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) and the Mood Spectrum-Self Report (MOODS-SR) lifetime version.ResultsCG was strongly associated with female gender (8:1). MDD comorbidity was more common among patients with CG while bipolar disorder was highest among those with PTSD+CG. Patients with both CG and PTSD reported significantly higher ASA_27 (p = 0.008) scores than patients with either CG or PTSD alone. Patients with both diagnoses or PTSD alone reported significantly (p = 0.02) higher scores on the manic component of the MOODS-SR. No significant differences were reported in the WSAS scores.ConclusionsOur results support differences between CG and PTSD, important to consideration of including CG as a new disorder in DSM-V.

scholarly journals Aripiprazole in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: an open-label trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Feijo Mello ◽  
Mariana Cadrobbi Pupo Costa ◽  
Aline Ferri Schoedl ◽  
Jose Paulo Fiks
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Open Label Trial ◽  
Social Adjustment Scale

OBJECTIVE: Post traumatic stress disorder is frequent in the general population (7.8%-lifetime-USA). The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the first choice of treatment but result in low remission rates. This study aims to evaluate the effect of aripiprazole monotherapy for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder. METHOD: Thirty-two patients diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder were included in a 16-week open label trial of aripiprazole. They were evaluated at baseline, week 8, and 16 with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36, and Social Adjustment Scale. Statistical analysis were performed with an intention-to-treat approach and last observation carried forward. A general linear model for repeated measures comparing the factor with 3 continuous measures from baseline, 8 and 16 weeks was used. A between-subject factor was included RESULTS: Nine patients discontinued the treatment. The mean aripiprazole dose was 9.6 (± 4.3) mg/day. The mean scores at baseline and endpoint for all measures were: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale - 82.7 (± 23.1) and 51.4 (± 31.4) (F = 11.247, p = 0.001); Beck Anxiety Inventory - 31.7 (± 13.4) and 25.4 (± 18.2) (F = 8.931, p = 0.011); Social Adjustment Scale - 2.4 (± 0.45) and 2.27 (± 0.57) (F = 8.633, p = 0.012); Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 - 76.6 (± 14.11) and 94.01 (± 25.06) (F = 10.127 p = 0.007); and Beck Depression Inventory - 26.06 (± 11.6) and 21.35 (± 12.6) (F = 1.580, p = 0.042). In all measurements, the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Patients achieved a good response to treatment with aripiprazole, but placebo-controlled studies are needed for more accurate results.

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