scholarly journals Effect of calcium channel blocker as anticonvulsant and its potentiating effect when used along with sodium valproate in pentylenetetrazole induced seizures in Albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Roopa B. ◽  
Janardhan M. ◽  
Karunasree P.
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Clonic Convulsions ◽  
Intrinsic Burst

Background: Many antiepileptic drugs were introduced for the treatment of epilepsy. Ideal antiepileptic drug should not only prevent but also correct the underlying pathophysiology without altering the normal neurotransmission. Calcium channel blockers may form such group because initiation of seizure is associated intrinsic burst firing which is triggered by large inward calcium current, so this study was done to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of amlodipine in albino rats.Methods: A total of 42 adult albino rats were included in the study and divided into 7 groups, each containing 6 rats. Group 1 received distilled water, group 2,3 received sodium valproate 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg, group 4-6 received amlodipine 1, 2, 4mg/kg and group 7 received combination of Amlodipine 1 mg/kg and sodium valproate 50mg/kg. Pentylenetetrazole induced seizures model was done and onset of myoclonic jerks, onset of clonic convulsions and duration of clonic convulsions was studied.Results: There was a significant anticonvulsant effect in Amlodipine doses 2, 4mg/kg (p <0.001). The combination of Amlodipine (1mg/kg) and Sodium valproate (50mg/kg) also had significant anticonvulsant effect.Conclusions: Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker has anticonvulsant effect and also potentiated the anticonvulsant effect of low dose sodium valproate.

Influence of Nifedipine on the Visual Fields of Patients with Optic-Nerve-Head Diseases

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Z. Gaspar ◽  
J. Flammer ◽  
PH. Hendrickson
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Glaucoma Patient ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Channel Blockers

Calcium-channel blockers have long been employed in coronary disease, and recent investigations have indicated their efficacy in improving the visual field in low-tension glaucoma or presumed vasospasm, possibly by enhancing ocular circulation. We evaluated the short-term influence of a typical calcium-channel blocker, nifedipine, on 59 patients with visual-field defects, some with optic-nerve-head pathology (n = 38) and some with normal-appearing optic nerve heads (n = 21). On the average, a statistically significant improvement of 1.2 dB was observed. Different types of patients, however, behaved quite differently. The younger the patient, the greater the improvement. Patients with normal optic nerve heads improved by 1.54 dB, whereas patients with optic-nerve-head excavation improved by only 0.66 dB. No response was observed in patients with anterior ischemic neuropathy. Marked deterioration was noted in one glaucoma patient with low systemic blood pressure. The visual-field changes were observed in the scotomatous and non-scotomatous areas. Thus, the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine can be effective in some selected diseases whose pathogenesis probably involves vascular dysregulation though it may even be contraindicated in others

scholarly journals Aberrant Exon 8/8a Splicing by Downregulated PTBP (Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein) 1 Increases Ca V 1.2 Dihydropyridine Resistance to Attenuate Vasodilation

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2440-2453
Author(s):  
Jianzhen Lei ◽  
Xiaoxin Liu ◽  
Miaomiao Song ◽  
Yingying Zhou ◽  
Jia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract Binding ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein

Objective: Calcium channel blockers, such as dihydropyridines, are commonly used to inhibit enhanced activity of vascular Ca V 1.2 channels in hypertension. However, patients who are insensitive to such treatments develop calcium channel blocker-resistant hypertension. The function of Ca V 1.2 channel is diversified by alternative splicing, and the splicing factor PTBP (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) 1 influences the utilization of mutually exclusive exon 8/8a of the Ca V 1.2 channel during neuronal development. Nevertheless, whether and how PTBP1 makes a role in the calcium channel blocker sensitivity of vascular Ca V 1.2 channels, and calcium channel blocker-induced vasodilation remains unknown. Approach and Results: We detected high expression of PTBP1 and, inversely, low expression of exon 8a in Ca V 1.2 channels (Ca V 1.2 E8a ) in rat arteries. In contrast, the opposite expression patterns were observed in brain and heart tissues. In comparison to normotensive rats, the expressions of PTBP1 and Ca V 1.2 E8a channels were dysregulated in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats. Notably, PTBP1 expression was significantly downregulated, and Ca V 1.2 E8a channels were aberrantly increased in dihydropyridine-resistant arteries compared with dihydropyridine-sensitive arteries of rats and human. In rat vascular smooth muscle cells, PTBP1 knockdown resulted in shifting of Ca V 1.2 exon 8 to 8a. Using patch-clamp recordings, we demonstrated a concomitant reduction of sensitivity of Ca V 1.2 channels to nifedipine, due to the higher expression of Ca V 1.2 E8a isoform. In vascular myography experiments, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of PTBP1 attenuated nifedipine-induced vasodilation of rat mesenteric arteries. Conclusions: PTBP1 finely modulates the sensitivities of Ca V 1.2 channels to dihydropyridine by shifting the utilization of exon 8/8a and resulting in changes of responses in dihydropyridine-induced vasodilation.

scholarly journals Densitas tulang mandibula pengguna obat anti hipertensi calcium channel blocker (CCB) melalui radiograf panoramik

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gunawan Gunawan ◽  
Suhardjo Sitam ◽  
Lusi Epsilawati
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Hypertensive Drug

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to describe radiographic density of mandibular bone in calcium channel blocker anti-hypertensive drug users. Bone density in the mandible is assessed from the trabecular. Panoramic radiograph is a routine examination that is often done in dentistry that can be used to assess changes in quality in the form of changes in bone density in users of anti-hypertensive calcium channel blockers Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive study of 21 panoramic radiographs of calcium channel blocker anti-hypertensive drug users aged 40-75 years. Panoramic radiograph archive density checks in the distal region of the foramen mentale and the mandibular angular region using software image j, with the final result was the percentage between bone and marrow. Results: This research showed the average radiographic density in male using calcium channel blocker antihypertensive drugs was 18.81% and the average radiographic density in female was 20.92%. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study found that the average radiographic density of female patients taking antihypertensive drugs calcium channel blockers was higher than male.

Treatment of calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth without modifying medication

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Morikawa ◽  
Mana Nasu ◽  
Yoko Miyashita ◽  
Taneaki Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Almost All

Gingival overgrowth is a common side effect of calcium channel blockers used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. While controversial, management includes discontinuing the calcium channel blocker. We report the case of a 66-year-old Japanese man with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus who was diagnosed with severe periodontitis covering almost all the teeth. The patient had been on nifedipine (40 mg/day) and amlodipine (10 mg/day) medication for 5 years. With his physician’s consent, nifedipine was discontinued during his treatment for periodontitis, which consisted of oral hygiene instructions and scaling and root planing on all areas. Gingivectomy was performed on the areas of hard fibrous swelling. Nifedipine was resumed during periodontal treatment when the patient’s hypertension worsened. His periodontal scores improved when he resumed treatment. We report that significant improvement in gingival overgrowth can occur with basic periodontal treatment, surgery and sustained intensive follow-up without adjusting calcium channel blockers.

scholarly journals A megfelelő szájegészség megvédhet a kalciumcsatorna-blokkoló készítmények okozta gingivahyperplasia kialakulásától

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (29) ◽  
pp. 1183-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Bán ◽  
Erika Pintér ◽  
József Kun
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Professional Interventions

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases including hypertension affect 40% of the adult population in Hungary. Calcium channel blockers are frequently prescribed for the treatment of hypertension either in monotherapy or in fixed-combination therapy. Their main effect is vasodilatation with gingival hyperplasia as a side effect. Our aim is to draw our colleagues’ attention to the practical importance of the fact that calcium channel blocker-induced gingival hyperplasia correlates closely with the dental status and the quantity of plaque on the surface of teeth and dental implants. Once established, gingival hyperplasia makes it more difficult for the patient to maintain individual tooth cleaning and increases plaque formation. Thus proliferation of Gram-negative bacteria is enabled in the plaque which promotes gingival overgrowth and can pose a risk factor for further cardiovascular diseases. If proper individual oral hygiene and professional interventions are carried out, healthy and hyperplasia-free gingival state can be sustained in the long term in most cases, even with calcium channel blocker therapy. In order to protect patients’ oral health, a closer cooperation of internists and dentists would be desirable. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(29): 1183–1187.

Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitors and renin release: relationship to calcium

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (4) ◽  
pp. F650-F655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cruz-Soto ◽  
J. E. Benabe ◽  
J. M. Lopez-Novoa ◽  
M. Martinez-Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Atpase Inhibitor ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction

The inhibition of renin secretion and the vasoconstrictive action of cardiac glycosides may be attributed to increases in cytosolic calcium as a result of inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase. These studies examined in the dog in vivo the role of calcium on the renal actions of ouabain as assessed from the modifying effects of calcium channel blockers. Since vanadate, another Na+-K+-ATPase, inhibitor, enhances in vitro the binding of ouabain to Na+-K+-ATPase, we examined the capacity of vanadate to modify the renal effects of ouabain in vivo. Infusion of ouabain (1 microgram X kg-1 X min-1) into the renal artery decreased RBF, GFR, and renin secretion, and produced diuresis and natriuresis. When ouabain was infused in dogs receiving the calcium channel blocker verapamil (100 microgram/min), it failed to suppress renin secretion or cause renal vasoconstriction. In addition, verapamil produced diuresis and natriuresis, which were greatly enhanced by ouabain (e.g., verapamil FENa 12.0 +/- 1.1----34.2 +/- 5.1%). The data strongly suggest that calcium entry into cells is a major mediator of the renin inhibitory effect and of the renal vasoconstriction induced by cardiac glycosides. The natriuresis observed during the calcium channel blocker infusion suggests that this drug may have a direct tubular effect on sodium reabsorption. Superimposition of vanadate (0.5 mumol/min) on ouabain infusion led to massive natriuresis (FENa, 5 +/- 1----35 +/- 4%), renal vasodilation (RBF 90 +/- 12----170 +/- 15 ml/min), and an increase in renin secretion (delta, 100%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Nifedipine in the Treatment of Hypertensive Episodes in the Coronary Care Unit

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 855-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Malesker ◽  
Karen S. Rovang ◽  
Syed M. Mohiuddin ◽  
Aryan N. Mooss ◽  
Daniel E. Hilleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Coronary Care Unit ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Coronary Care ◽  
Percent Response

The effectiveness of nifedipine for the treatment of acute hypertensive episodes in patients already taking chronic calcium-channel blocker therapy is unknown. We report our experience with 43 consecutive patients who received nifedipine for acute hypertensive episodes in the coronary care unit. Of the 43 patients (24 men, 19 women), 23 (53 percent) were taking chronic (>2 mo) calcium-channel blocker therapy. Nifedipine 10 mg capsules were chewed and swallowed with repeat doses given at hourly intervals if necessary. Target BP was 140/90 mm Hg, which was achieved in 31 of 43 patients (72 percent). In patients already taking calcium-channel blockers, target BP was achieved in 18 of 23 patients (78 percent). Response in patients not taking chronic calcium-channel blockers was observed in 13 of 20 patients (65 percent). Overall, adverse effects occurred in 16 of 43 patients (37 percent): 11 of 23 patients (48 percent) taking calcium-channel blockers, and 5 of 20 patients (25 percent) not taking calcium-channel blockers. Nifedipine is equally effective in lowering BP in patients taking calcium-channel blockers as it is in patients not taking them. Although associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects in patients already taking calcium-channel blockers, these effects were not considered serious. Nifedipine is an effective agent in acute hypertensive episodes, even in patients receiving chronic calcium-channel blocker therapy.

Successful use of calcium channel blocker for management of arterio-venous malformations following Fontan procedure

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1468-1470
Author(s):  
Ramzi Hamzeh ◽  
Ziad Bulbul ◽  
Jana Assy
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Pulmonary Circulation ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Fontan Procedure ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Venous Malformations

AbstractIn diffuse forms of arteriovenous malformation following Fontan procedure, “classical” medical therapy, inhaled nitric oxide and sildenafil, may play a role, until re-direction of hepatic flow to pulmonary circulation cures it. However, in refractory cases, as reported in our 2-year-old patient, unusual medications such as calcium channel blockers can be tried and continued if patients respond adequately.

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