scholarly journals Adverse drug reactions observed in treatment of gastro intestinal and respiratory tract infections: a prospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Laxmipathi Kodam ◽  
Naveen Kumar Tamma ◽  
Janardhan Marupaka ◽  
Srinivasu Karedla
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The aim of the study was to observe common adverse drug reactions in treatment of gastro intestinal and respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care hospitals.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted by Departments of Pharmacology for a period of one year from prescriptions and case sheets of medical record section. Adverse drug reaction reporting forms and alert cards were used for reporting.Results: The drugs most commonly used for gastrointestinal tract and respiratory diseases are tablets norflox 400 mg, norflox-tz, taxim 200 mg, IV amikacin and iv amoxicillin (500 mg) and clavulanic acid (125 mg) combination. Systems affected by use of above drugs were skin and gastrointestinal tract. Urticaria on skin, abdominal pain, itching in genital area, ulcer on oral mucosa are the common adverse drug reactions observed.Conclusions: Drugs used for common gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract infections alert cards should be issued to patients when prescribing and adverse drug reactions should be reported to higher centres. Brand names causing adverse reactions should be monitored regularly and their further usage should be based on signals from other centres. All tertiary care hospitals should have antimicrobial guidelines policy to reduce adverse drug reactions.

scholarly journals Prescribing Pattern of Drugs in Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Children aged 1 To 5 Years At Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1903-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Jadhav ◽  
Chitra Khanwelkar
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
World Health ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) are very common in all age groups. Childhood respiratory tract infections are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. It is significant health problem in India also. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 2 million children under five years of age die due to pneumonia. Majority of ARTIs have viral etiology. Rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, parainfluenza and influenza viruses, human metapneumovirus, and adenoviruses are main causative agents. Among bacteria, group A streptococci, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, N. meningitides, H. influenzae, pneumococcus and Staphylococcus aureus are responsible for ARTIs. Drug utilization studies help to understand the pattern of prescription in that particular area for specific conditions.We included children from one to five years of age, diagnosed as ARTI and evaluated 298 prescriptions given to these children. Analysis of these prescriptions was done as well as they are compared with WHO prescription indicators. Cough (96%), fever (93%) and rhinitis (82.5%) were common symptoms observed, but sore throat, earache and breathlessness were also present in these children. Average number of drugs prescribed was 4.1/patient. Following drugs were prescribed, Antipyretics 98.3%, antimicrobials 91.3%, antihistaminics and cough syrups in 75.2%, Leukotriene antagonist in 25.1% patients, Vitamin B complex 11% and glucocorticoids 4.6%. All drugs were prescribed by brand names and not by generic name. 97.3% prescribed drugs were from national list of essential medicine. We found overuse of antimicrobials in our study. Educational programs are needed in order to bring rational use of antimicrobials. At the same time awareness in parents also should be done regarding antimicrobial use.

scholarly journals Drug utilisation pattern in geriatric patients of a teritiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2450
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar Tamma ◽  
Prasanth Kumar Patnaik ◽  
Srinivasu Karedla
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The objective of the study was to assess the prescribing pattern of drugs in geriatrics patient in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted by department of Pharmacology for a period of one year in patients above 65 years from case sheets of medical record section. WHO basic indicators were used for studying the prescribing pattern of drugs.Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Respiratory tract and gastrointestinal infections were most commonly found among patients of geriatric age group. Among antibiotics ceftriaxone, cefixime, ampicillin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimaxazole for upper respiratory tract infections and rantidine, norfloxacin for gastrointestinal tract infections were maximum utilized. Polypharmacy was prevalent and majority of drugs prescribed were by brand names because of free supply of drugs.Conclusions: There is a need to bring changes in the prescribing practices with particular emphasis on generic drug and restricting polypharmacy. Also antibiotic policy needs to be introduced in the hospital and continuous medical education besides evidence based medicine approach for rationale use of drugs.

Evaluation of Parental Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Use in Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslınur Albayrak ◽  
Nazmi Mutlu Karakaş ◽  
Bensu Karahalil
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundUpper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children. Most URTIs have been shown to be of viral origin. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. The problem of unnecessary antibiotic use among children is a concern for antibiotic resistance in low- and middle-income developing countries.MethodsOur study is a cross-sectional survey study. It was carried out between 14 December 2020 and 1 April 2021 for parents over 18 years of age with a child under 18 years’ old who applied to the general pediatrics outpatient clinics of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Pediatrics.Results554 parents responded to the questionnaire. A total of 15.7% of parents stated to use antibiotics in any child with fever. 37% of parents believed that antibiotics could cure infections caused by viruses. 6.3% of parents declared that they put pressure on pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics. 85.6% of the parents stated that they never gave their children non-prescription antibiotics when they had a high fever. 80.9% of them declared that they never used past antibiotics in the presence of a new infection. Female gender, high level of education, high income level and low number of antibiotics used in the last 1 year were found to be statistically significant with the better knowledge level of the parents (p <0.05).ConclusionAccording to the results of our study of parents' lack of knowledge about antibiotics in Turkey, though generally it shows proper attitude and behavior. It shows that some of the restrictions imposed by the National Action Plan are partially working. However, it is still necessary to continue to inform parents, pediatricians and pharmacists about the use of antibiotics, and to be more sensitive about the prescribing of antibiotics, and if necessary, sanctions should be imposed by the state in order to prevent unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.

scholarly journals STUDY TO EVALUATE USE OF IRRATIONAL FIXED DRUG COMBINATIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Sudhakar K. ◽  
C. Deepa Latha ◽  
Deepika Baloju ◽  
A. R. Malahat ◽  
G. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Fixed Drug ◽  
Awareness Programs

Objective: To identify fixed drug combinations causing the adverse drug reactions both rational and irrational.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out over a period of 6 mo (between June 2016 to December 2016) to evaluate adverse drug reactions related to fixed drug combinations in a tertiary care teaching hospital using suspected adverse drug reaction reporting form.Results: A total number of 64 adverse drug reactions were reported during this period. Of the total adverse drug reactions reported, 27 (42%) were due to fixed drug combinations. 6 (28.5%) were serious and 21(71.5%) were non-serious. Causality was certain in 4 (14.8%) cases and probably in remaining 23 (85.2%) cases. 19(70%) irrational fixed drug combinations were reported.Conclusion: The above results show that irrational fixed drug combinations contribute major extent to adverse drug reactions. Hence, awareness programs should be conducted for all the health care workers to improve the rationality of prescription and to decrease adverse drug reactions.

scholarly journals An assessment of pattern of adverse drug reactions of cardiovascular drugs in a tertiary care institute

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Y. Wankhede ◽  
Milind L. Pardeshi ◽  
Vishal V. Ghorpade ◽  
Balasaheb B. Ghongane
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Drugs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Medications ◽  
One Year

Background: Cardiovascular disease is very prevalent in India. So, use of cardiovascular drugs is also more. So, it is very important to keep watch on adverse drug reactions. Aim of this study was to assess the pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported with cardiovascular drugs in a tertiary care institute.Methods: The study was carried out in medicine department of a tertiary care hospital over a period of one year. Each ADR was analysed for demographic data, causality, relationship between frequency of ADRs and the number of drugs used etc. In statistical analysis Microsoft excel 2013, SPSS software was used.Results: A total of 136 patients, 58 (43%) men and 78 (57%) women, using cardiovascular medications reported ADRs during the entire study period. Total 168 ADRs were reported out of which, Amlodipine (causing headache and edema feet) was the most common drug with 51 (30.3%) ADR’s followed by Enalapril, Aspirin and Isosorbide Dinitrate with 37 (22%), 24 (14.2%), 23 (13.6%) ADRs respectively. Most common ADR was headache (due to amlodipine and Isosorbide di nitrate) affecting 38 (22.62%) cases followed by dry cough 37 (22.02%) cases, edema feet 36 (21.43%), gastritis 24 (14.29%) and 10 (5.95%) of nausea.Conclusions: Monitoring ADRs in patients using cardiovascular drugs is a matter of importance since this class of medicines are mostly used as multidrug therapy and always prone for ADRs.

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