scholarly journals Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with increased insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and presence of type 2 diabetes in non obese central Indian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Anil B. Choudhury ◽  
Shankar M. Pawar ◽  
Purnima Dey Sarkar ◽  
Keerti Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that adiponectin, a major adipocyte secretory protein, has insulin-sensitizing and anti-atherogenic properties and protects against later development of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of adiponectin with insulin resistance, blood lipids and type 2 diabetes in non obese central Indian population.Methods: Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured in 149 (81 male and 68 female) newly diagnosed non obese type 2 diabetic patients and 157 (85 male and 72 female) age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls.Results: Adiponectin level (p<0.0001) was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in non diabetic control. In an age, gender and BMI adjusted model, adiponectin level was significantly negatively correlated with waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p= 0.0034), HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides (p<0.0001) and positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p =0.0014) in non obese type 2 diabetic group. However, there was no significant correlation between adiponectin and glucose in this study. In stepwise linear regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounder, significant inverse association was observed between serum adiponectin level and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0001). In multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio, lower adiponectin was independently associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Lower adiponectin levels in non obese type 2 diabetic patients were significantly related to the increased insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and presence of type 2 diabetes, independently of overall and abdominal adiposity, thereby suggesting a direct link between adiponectin and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in human.

scholarly journals Serum Homocysteine and its Association with Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Moitreyee Majumder ◽  
Forhadul Hoque Mollah ◽  
Md Fariduddin ◽  
Sharif Mohammad Ehsan ◽  
Shamim Ara Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes accounts for almost 6% of total global mortality, with 50% of diabetesassociated deaths being attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in rural Bangladeshi and in urban Bangladeshi is found to be 7.2% and 10.5% respectively. People of developing countries suffer from the disease at earlier age than that of developed countries. Among the diabetic patients, vascular complications represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is commonly accompanied by other cardiovascular risk factors: dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased prothrombotic factors. Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is an emerging CVD risk factor. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in diabetes mellitus along with increased homocysteine is thought to cause endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction together with other factors such as dyslipidemia, microalbuminemia etc. causes cardiovascular disease.Objectives: Objective of the study was to evaluate serum total homocysteine level and to correlate it with fasting lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted during the period of July 2011- June 2013 on 95 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus, attending the Endocrine OPD of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Study subjects were selected by purposive and convenient sampling technique.Result: Study subjects were categorized according to the presence or absence of hyperhomocysteinemia. Among the total study population hyperhomocysteinemia was found in 21.05 %. Among them number of male was greater. The study population had mean serum total cholesterol 198.34±39.62(mg/dl), triacylglycerol 198.91±116.71(mg/dl), LDL 126.75±35.38(mg/ dl), HDL 34.35±8.31(mg/dl), TC:HDL=15.67±6.07:1,and LDL:HDL=9.94±3.88:1 Independant sample t test showed that there was significant inverse association of hyperhomocysteinemia with HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.Conclusions: Around one fifth of the type 2 diabetic patients had hyperhomocysteinemia. Significant inverse association was present between hyperhomocysteinemia and HDL. Other parameters of lipid profile and lipid ratios did not show any significant association.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 42-46

Metabolic differences in healthy first-degree female relatives of type 2 diabetic patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (44) ◽  
pp. 1747-1753
Author(s):  
Györgyi Kovács ◽  
Barbara Buday ◽  
Attila Fék ◽  
Botond Literáti-Nagy ◽  
József Pauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Today the prevalence of type 2 diabetes reached an epidemic level. It is known that type 2 diabetes could only be prevented before the manifestation, during the “prediabetic” state, urging the development of diagnostic tests to recognize the group at risk in time. Aim: The authors explored metabolic differences between healthy, normal glucose tolerant, normal insulin resistant females having first degree relatives with and without type 2 diabetes. Method: Healthy, normal insulin sensitive females without (n = 26) and with (n = 18) type 2 diabetic relatives were investigated. Results: Healthy females with first degree diabetic relatives had lower low density lipoproteins and higher high density lipoproteins as well as higher glucose and insulin levels at the 120 min of oral glucose test as compared to those without first degree diabetic relatives. Conclusions: These results suggest that the appearance of insulin resistance is preceded by hepatic insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism in the symptom-free prediabetic period of genetically suceptible females. Orv. Hetil., 154 (44), 1747–1753.

scholarly journals A study of association between serum zinc and HbA1c in type2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, Tamilnadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Dhanoushyaa Seetharaman ◽  
Muraliswaran Perumal ◽  
Priyatharshini Mohan ◽  
Prabu Gnanasekaran ◽  
Indhumathi Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Group I ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Diabetes currently affects more than 66.8 million people in India which has become a major health care problem, representing the largest number of any country in the world. Reduced concomitant intake of Zinc studies proved to be associated with risk of increased HbA1c percentage in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes patients. Aims and Objective: The current study was designed to assess serum Zinc level in Type 2 Diabetes patients and to find out the correlation between serum Zinc and HbA1c level in Type 2 Diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients were included in the study and they were divided into two groups like Group I (50 patients): Type 2 Diabetic patients with HbA1c more than 7 percent. Group II (50 patients): Type 2 Diabetic patients with HbA1c less than 7 percent (50). Estimation of blood glucose (Fasting and post prandial), Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum Zinc was done. Statistical Analysis: The data is collected, recorded and analyzed statistically to determine the significance of different parameters by using SPSS package for windows version23.0. Results: The mean value of serum zinc was lower in the diabetic group whose HbA1c more than 7 (p value – 0.001) when compared to the diabetic group whose HbA1c less than 7. Conclusion: Estimating the level of serum zinc becomes important to know the status of insulin in diabetic patients and correlating the levels of HbA1c and Serum zinc in Type 2 DM patients, can monitor the levels of glycemic control and prevent the risk of development of complications.

Proteasome inhibition in skeletal muscle cells unmasks metabolic derangements in type 2 diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (9) ◽  
pp. C774-C787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubna Al-Khalili ◽  
Thais de Castro Barbosa ◽  
Jörgen Östling ◽  
Julie Massart ◽  
Pablo Garrido Cuesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE)-based proteome analysis has revealed intrinsic insulin resistance in myotubes derived from type 2 diabetic patients. Using 2-D DIGE-based proteome analysis, we identified a subset of insulin-resistant proteins involved in protein turnover in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic patients, suggesting aberrant regulation of the protein homeostasis maintenance system underlying metabolic disease. We then validated the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in myotubes to investigate whether impaired proteasome function may lead to metabolic arrest or insulin resistance. Myotubes derived from muscle biopsies obtained from people with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or type 2 diabetes were exposed to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BZ; Velcade) without or with insulin. BZ exposure increased protein carbonylation and lactate production yet impaired protein synthesis and UPS function in myotubes from type 2 diabetic patients, marking the existence of an insulin-resistant signature that was retained in cultured myotubes. In conclusion, BZ treatment further exacerbates insulin resistance and unmasks intrinsic features of metabolic disease in myotubes derived from type 2 diabetic patients. Our results highlight the existence of a confounding inherent abnormality in cellular protein dynamics in metabolic disease, which is uncovered through concurrent inhibition of the proteasome system.

Increased subsarcolemmal lipids in type 2 diabetes: effect of training on localization of lipids, mitochondria, and glycogen in sedentary human skeletal muscle

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. E706-E713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Nielsen ◽  
Martin Mogensen ◽  
Birgitte F. Vind ◽  
Kent Sahlin ◽  
Kurt Højlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and type 2 diabetes on intramyocellular localization of lipids, mitochondria, and glycogen. Obese type 2 diabetic patients ( n = 12) and matched obese controls ( n = 12) participated in aerobic cycling training for 10 wk. Endurance-trained athletes ( n = 15) were included for comparison. Insulin action was determined by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Intramyocellular contents of lipids, mitochondria, and glycogen at different subcellular compartments were assessed by transmission electron microscopy in biopsies obtained from vastus lateralis muscle. Type 2 diabetic patients were more insulin resistant than obese controls and had threefold higher volume of subsarcolemmal (SS) lipids compared with obese controls and endurance-trained subjects. No difference was found in intermyofibrillar lipids. Importantly, following aerobic training, this excess SS lipid volume was lowered by ∼50%, approaching the levels observed in the nondiabetic subjects. A strong inverse association between insulin sensitivity and SS lipid volume was found ( r2=0.62, P = 0.002). The volume density and localization of mitochondria and glycogen were the same in type 2 diabetic patients and control subjects, and showed in parallel with improved insulin sensitivity a similar increase in response to training, however, with a more pronounced increase in SS mitochondria and SS glycogen than in other localizations. In conclusion, this study, estimating intramyocellular localization of lipids, mitochondria, and glycogen, indicates that type 2 diabetic patients may be exposed to increased levels of SS lipids. Thus consideration of cell compartmentation may advance the understanding of the role of lipids in muscle function and type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals A breakthrough-like effect of metformin reduces peripheral resistance to triiodothyronine in euthyroid, non-insulin-resistant, type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Kertész ◽  
Szilárd Kun ◽  
Eszter Sélley ◽  
Zsuzsanna Nagy ◽  
Tamás Kőszegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Type 2 diabetes is characterized, beyond the insulin resistance, by polyhormonal resistance. Thyroid hormonal resistance has not yet been described in this population of patients. Metformin is used to decrease insulin resistance, and at present it is assumed to influence the effect of triiodothyronine, as well. Methods: In this open label, pilot, hypothesis generating, follow-up study 21 patients were included, all of them euthyroid with drug naïve, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Before and after four weeks of metformin therapy fructosamine, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), thyroid hormones, T3/T4 ratio, and TSH, as well as blood pressure and heart rate using ambulatory blood pressure monitor were measured. We also conducted an in vitro study to investigate the possible mechanisms of T3 resistance, assessing T3 induced Akt phosphorylation among normal (5 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose levels with or without metformin treatment in a human embryonal kidney cell line. Results: Metformin decreased the level of T3 (p<0.001), the ratio of T3/T4 (p=0.038), fructosamine (p=0.008) and HOMA-IR (p=0.022). All these changes were accompanied by an unchanged TSH, T4, triglyceride, plasma glucose, bodyweight, blood pressure and heart rate. In our in vitro study, T3 induced Akt phosphorylation decreased in cells grown in 25 mM glucose medium compared to those in 5 mM. Metformin could not reverse this effect. Conclusion: Metformin seems to improve T3 sensitivity in the cardiovascular system in euthyroid, type 2 diabetic patients, the mechanism of which may be supracellular.

scholarly journals Impact of a Booklet about Diabetes Genetic Susceptibility and Its Prevention on Attitudes towards Prevention and Perceived Behavioral Change in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Their Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Nishigaki ◽  
Eiko Sato ◽  
Ryota Ochiai ◽  
Taiga Shibayama ◽  
Keiko Kazuma
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Patient’S View ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. Offspring of type 2 diabetic patients are at a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Information on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention should be supplied to the offspring.Methods. A six-page booklet on diabetes genetic susceptibility and prevention was distributed to 173 patients who ere ordered to hand it to their offspring. The patients answered a self-administered questionnaire on booklet delivery and attitudinal and behavioral changes toward diabetes and its prevention in themselves and their offspring.Results. Valid responses were obtained from 130 patients. Forty-nine patients had actually handed the booklet. Booklet induces more relief than anxiety. From the patient's view, favorable attitudinal and/or behavioral changes occurred in more than half of the offspring who were delivered the booklet.Conclusion. The booklet worked effectively on attitudes and behaviors toward diabetes and its prevention both in patients and their offspring. However, the effectiveness of patients as information deliverers was limited.

The effect of insulin resistance on postprandial triglycerides in Korean type 2 diabetic patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong Hye Park ◽  
Kwang Joon Kim ◽  
Byung-Wan Lee ◽  
Eun Seok Kang ◽  
Bong Soo Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Postprandial Triglycerides ◽  
Korean Type ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Awareness of Complications in Diabetic Patients - Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 3334-3338
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common in the Indian population and awareness regarding the disease and its complications is low among the patients with diabetes. There is lack of studies regarding awareness of complications of diabetes among type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic complications among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This is an institutional based observational study. The sample comprised of 150 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent treatment in the Department of Medicine, Medical College Kottayam and the patient’s age ranged from 18 - 77 years. RESULTS Majority of patients were in the age group 38 to 57 and the sample comprised of 56 % males and 44 % female patients. Out of 150 patients involved in the study, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Among the male patients, 70 (83.33 %) and among females, 50 (75.75 %) were aware of the complications in diabetes. In the study sample, 92 (61.33 %) were aware of the foot problems, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of renal complications, 91 patients were aware regarding eye problems of diabetes, 38 (25.33 %) regarding development of hypertension, 62 (41.33 %) regarding heart attack, 42 (28 %) patients were aware regarding development of stroke and 78 patients (52 %) had awareness regarding occurrence of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS Awareness regarding diabetes and its complications is fairly good among the diabetic patients in Kerala. Awareness regarding all complications of diabetes was higher among males than females. Providing awareness to type 2 diabetic patients by various educational programs may be of further help to prevent complications and to decrease the mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients. KEYWORDS Awareness, Diabetes

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document