scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia and visual impairment among primary school children of Ahmedabad City, Gujarat: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Geet Gunjana ◽  
Nisha Upadhyay ◽  
Grishma Dixit ◽  
Nilesh Thakor
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Nutritional anemia and visual impairment among school age children are recognized as public health problem worldwide. The objective of the study was to prevalence of anemia and visual impairment among school going adolescents of Ahmedabad city, Gujarat.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried during period from January 2012 to March 2012. 4 schools were selected by purposive sampling. After taking the permission from principals of schools and informed written consent of the parents of the children, 421 children from these schools of Ahmedabad city were examined for anemia and visual impairment. The data was collected by predesigned, pretested performa and analyzed using Epi Info.Results: Out of total 421 children 205 (48.7%) were female. Mean age of the study children was 7.9 ± 1.06 years. The prevalence of anemia in children in present study was 61.9 % (261 children). The prevalence of anemia in female (134, 62.9%) was higher than males (130, 60.1%). Moderate to severe visual impairment and blindness was 7.2% in girls and 10.5% in boys respectively and the gender difference was not statistically significant. Though 38 (8.9%) children had moderate to severe visual impairment to blindness only 10 (2.3%) children were wearing spectacles.Conclusions: High prevalence of anemia and visual impairment among these children needs great attention and health education. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia and visual impairment among primary school children of South Gujarat region of India: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Bharatkumar Balkrishna Pandya ◽  
Upendrakumar Rameshbhai Chaudhari ◽  
Avirat A. Bhatt ◽  
Nilesh Thakor
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Nutritional Anemia and visual impairment among school age children are recognized as major public health problem in India. Authors objective was to study prevalence of anemia and visual impairment among school going adolescents of Vadodara and Surat city of Gujarat, India.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried during period from April 2015 to March 2016. Total 8 schools were selected from Vadodara and Surat city by purposive sampling. After taking the permission of principals of schools and informed written consent of the parents of children, 859 children from these schools were examined for anaemia and visual impairment. The data was collected by predesign, pretested proforma and analysed using SPSS version 17 (Trial version).Results: Out of total 859 children 421(49.1%) were female. Mean age of the study children was 8.95±1.52 years. The prevalence of anemia in children in present study was 61.6 % (529 children). The prevalence of anemia in female (274, 65.1%) was higher than males (255, 58.2%). Moderate visual impairment and blindness was 5.9% in girls and 8.2% in boys respectively. Severe visual impairment and blindness was 2.1% in girls and 2.7% in boys respectively and the gender difference was not statistically significant. Though 61(7.1%) children had moderate to severe visual impairment to blindness only 21 (2.4%) children were wearing spectacles.Conclusions: High prevalence of anaemia and visual impairment among these children needs great attention and health education.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marina Aferiba Tandoh ◽  
Abigail Owusuaa Appiah ◽  
Anthony Kwaku Edusei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.

scholarly journals Tobacco and betel nut use among school going adolescents of South Gujarat region, India: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Bharatkumar Balkrishna Pandya ◽  
Upendrakumar Rameshbhai Chaudhari ◽  
Avirat A. Bhatt ◽  
Nilesh Thakor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Adolescence Period ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Adolescence period is very crucial in the life of an individual, when major physical, psychological and behavioral changes take place. Tobacco and Areca nut use among school going adolescent is becoming a major public health problem. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of smokeless tobacco and betel nut use among school going adolescents.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study. After taking the permission of principal of Government high schools of Vadodara and Surat city of Gujarat and consent of the parents of adolescents, 1107 adolescents were interviewed during March-April 2017. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Thus collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version).Results: Age of the study students (total 1107) ranged from 10-19 years. (Mean age=14.61±2.85 years). Out of 1107 children 389 (35.1%) children had addiction. Prevalence of any type of addiction in girls and boys was 14.3% and 20.7% respectively. Tobacco prevalence was 13.4% and betel nut prevalence was 21.6%. Type of addiction and its association with gender was highly significant. All children addicted to tobacco using chewing form (gutkha) of tobacco. The mean age group of children who consume tobacco and betel nut was 16.13±1.32 years and 16.01±1.21 years respectively. Most common reasons among adolescents for starting addiction of tobacco and betel nut was to look mature (93.8%) followed by to look good (63.2%) and to refresh breathe (48.6%).Conclusions: High prevalence of tobacco and betel nut use among adolescents needs attention of parents, teachers and health officials.

scholarly journals The prevalence of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors: a community-based cross sectional study in peri urban area

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226
Author(s):  
Sanjeev K. Gupta ◽  
Anshuman Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Agarwal ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Shalini Sarouthia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Visual impairment i.e. diabetic retinopathy is the one of most common manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Globally it is becoming an increasing public health problem especially in the developing countries because of increase in number of diabetic patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the vicinity of Urban Heath and Training Centre (UHTC), Peoples University, Bhopal over a period of 6 months through screening in camps held, which included a total of 840 participants (aged ≥25 years) by following simple random procedure and in those who had newly diagnosed or long standing diabetes were referred to ophthalmologist for further evaluation. Retinopathy was determined by ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography. Anthropometric measurements (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin were also evaluated among the confirmed diabetic patients in the study.Results: An increased prevalence of diabetes (5.95%) and retinopathy (28%) (95% CI 11.2-32.0) was found. In all age groups prevalence of bilateral blindness, bilateral low vision, unilateral blindness and unilateral low vision were respectively 2%, 28%, 0%, 70%. Independent risk indicators for the occurrence of diabetes such as age, BMI, HbA1c, were found significant for the occurrence of retinopathy in the study population.Conclusions: Visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy remains an important public health problem in people with diabetes so timely interventions are required to resolve this major issue.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia among primary school children in Mymensingh: A school-based cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Azizul Hoque ◽  
Bilkis Begum ◽  
Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Monirul Islam Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based

Anemia is a global public health problem affecting 305 million school children (SC) worldwide. It has deleterious effects in SC, including lower school achievement due to impaired cognitive development and physical growth, fatigue and poor attention span, and increased morbidity because of reduced resistance to infection. The school age is a dynamic period of growth and development. During this period physical, mental, social development of child takes place. The purpose of the study is to observe the anemia among the school aged children and to compare the urban and rural children as well as to see the correlation between malnutrition and anemia.  A school-based cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 600 School Children from 10 school, aged from 6-10 years old children of Mymensingh district. Study was conducted for a period of one year from October 2009 to September 2010. Two staged stratified random sampling method were employed to select study participants. Data on socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics, and dietary status of children were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview of children's caregivers. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was determined by using cyanmethaemoglobin method. Datawas analyzed by computer programmed SPSS version 14.0. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Among the primary school children in Seventy one percent of our primary school children were anemic. Rural children were more sufferers in anemia. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 24-29

scholarly journals Prevalence of Refractive Error and Strabismus in Primary School Children of Tehsil Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Faheem Ullah ◽  
Naheed Mahsood ◽  
Waqas Mohyuddin ◽  
Saadullah Afridi ◽  
Zia Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health

OBJECTIVES: Refractive errors and strabismus continue to remain a significant public health problem. Among school children it has an impact on child development. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of refractive error and strabismus among primary school children. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the school children. Data was collected in November-December 2013. Visual impairment was defined as, presenting VA of < 6/12. A total of 2288 children (1746 boys and 542 girls) were screened from 26 randomly selected schools. Stratified sampling technique was used. Data were collected on pre-designed questionnaires and entered and analyzed by SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: The mean age of children was 8.10 + 2.3 years. About 4% children were found visually impaired. The prevalence of refractive error was found to be 5.4%, of which 88.6% was uncorrected refractive error. The prevalence of refractive error was found higher in girls than boys, 6.8% and 5.0% respectively. Among types of refractive error, myopia prevalence was 2.3%, hypermetropia prevalence was 2.0% and astigmatism prevalence was 1.1%. The prevalence of strabismus was 1.3%. Refractive error was found as a main cause of visual impairment in school children. Prevalence of strabismus among this study population is relatively low as compared to the global prevalence of 2% to 5%. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that more study to determine the extent of the problem and possible factors for development of refractive error and strabismus types are needed to mitigate these conditions.

scholarly journals Tobacco and betel nut use among school going adolescents of government high school of Himmatnagar city, Gujarat, India: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Prajapati ◽  
Chintu C. Chaudhari ◽  
Grishma T. Dixit ◽  
Rajendra Gadhavi ◽  
Avirat A. Bhatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Adolescence Period ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Adolescence period is very crucial in the life of an individual, when major physical, psychological and behavioral changes take place. Tobacco and areca nut use among school going adolescent is becoming a major public health problem. The aim was to determine the prevalence and pattern of smokeless tobacco and betel nut use among school going adolescents.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study. After taking the permission of principal of Government high school and consent of the parents of adolescents, 546 adolescents were interviewed during February-March 2016. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Thus collected data was analyzed using SPSS 17 (Trial Version). Results: Age of the study students (total 546) ranged from 10-19 years. (Mean age=14.60 ± 2.84 years). Out of 546 children 166 (30.4%) children had addiction. Prevalence of any type of addiction in girls and boys was 13.4% and 17.0% respectively. Tobacco prevalence was 12.3% and betel nut prevalence was 18.1%. Type of addiction and its association with gender was highly significant. All children addicted to tobacco using chewing form (gutkha) of tobacco. The mean age group of children who consume tobacco and betel nut was 16.14±1.33 years and 16.13±1.51 years respectively. Most common reasons among adolescents for starting addiction of tobacco and betel nut was to look mature (88.0%) followed by to look good (73.5%) and to refresh breathe (56.0%).Conclusions: High prevalence of tobacco and betel nut use among adolescents needs attention of parents, teachers and health officials.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors influencing anaemia among urban adolescent females, a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
J. S. Poyyamozhi ◽  
Rajan Rushender ◽  
G. Murali Mohan Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Urban Adolescent ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Despite many organized efforts by the government, adolescent anemia remains to be a major public health problem in India. The prevalence of anemia and factors influencing it in urban adolescent females is a relatively less studied aspect. Hence the current study is conducted with an objective of assessing the prevalence and factors influencing anemia among adolescent school girls living in an urban locality. Methods: The current study was a community-based cross sectional study conducted in the selected schools and colleges of Permabalur town, south India, in the field practice area of Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital between June to December 2017. Total 373 adolescent girls selected by multistage simple random sampling were included in the study. The hemoglobin was assessed by cyanmethemoglobin method. Results: The prevalence of anaemia among urban adolescent girls was 41.1% (95% CI 0.36-0.46). The proportion of mild and moderate anaemia was 37% and 4.10% respectively and none had severe anaemia. Compared to upper middle class, the odds of anemia were 14.16 times more in the lower class (95% CI 4.54-44.12, p<0.001). Compared to scanty/normal bleeding, the odds of anemia were 2.943 (95% CI 1.4-3.87 p<0.05) more in girls with heavy bleeding. Age, upper lower or lower middle socio-economic strata, religion, type of family and menstrual irregularity did not have any statistically significant association with anemia. Conclusions: Anemia is highly prevalent among adolescent girls and there is a need to intensify efforts all levels to reduce the prevalence of anemia. 

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