scholarly journals Study of respiratory disease pattern in children aged 2 months-5 years admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Raja S. R. ◽  
Shabin J. ◽  
Mathivanan M. ◽  
Muthu Rama Subramanian M.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is one of the leading causes of under 5 mortality globally and in India. India accounts for 20% of deaths globally due to pneumonia. Reviewing the prevalence and profile of pneumonia admissions in a tertiary care hospital will reflect the burden in the community and thereby help to plan optimal use of resources and adopting proper preventive measures. Aim of study was to identify prevalence, various risk factors involved, morbidity and mortality of acute respiratory infections in children 2 months to 5 years old.Methods: A prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital of southern Tamil Nadu, India over a period of 18 months (January 2016 to June 2017). All cases between the age group of 2 months to 5 years admitted to Paediatric department were included in the study. Demographic and clinical features were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0.Results: A total of 2793 children were included, of which the prevalence of acute respiratory infection was 10.95% (306 children). Pneumonia was the most common diagnosis (38.5%) followed by bronchiolitis (15.3%). Mortality rate was 5.9% among the ARI cases. There was a significant influence of exclusive breast feeding and malnutrition over the morbidity and mortality of ARI cases.Conclusions: Identifying ARI cases with risk factors for developing severe and very severe pneumonia and children with risk factors for high mortality need to be referred to tertiary care centres as early as possible for better outcome.

scholarly journals Frequency, risk factors and materno-foetal outcomes among cases of Placenta previa at a tertiary care hospital: a two year study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Pamulaparthi Bindu Reddy ◽  
Gurram Swetha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Early Date

Background: Placenta previa refers to the presence of placental tissue that extends over the internal cervical os.  Placenta previa is linked to maternal hypovolemia, anaemia, and long hospital stay and with prematurity, low birth weight, low APGAR score in newborn. So it is very important to identify the condition at an early date to warn the condition thereby reducing the maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of PP, its associated predisposing risk factors and maternal morbidity, mortality and the perinatal outcome.Methods: A prospective observational study for two years was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Pregnant mothers with >28 weeks of age with H/o ante partum haemorrhage were screened for placenta previa, confirmed by ultra sonography and included in the study. Clinical history, obstetric examination was done and followed up till the delivery. Maternal and foetal outcomes were recorded. Data analyzed by using SPSS version 20.Results: 1.4% incidence of PP was noted, mean age of group was 29.17±1.6 years. Age group of 21-30 years, multiparity Gravida 2-4, previous history of caesarean section and less number of ante natal checkups were significant risk factors and LSCS was most common outcome. Prematurity, low birth weight and APGAR <7 score for 1 minute was common foetal outcomes.Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests foetal surveillance programmes in cases of placenta previa. Measures should be made to bring awareness about PP, in urban slums and to increase medical checkups regularly. Making USG mandatory during every ANC and referral of cases of PP to tertiary care centres would definitely reduce the chances of morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Study of risk factors of acute respiratory infections in children admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Southern Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3129
Author(s):  
Alka C. Kaware ◽  
Nitin H. Kamble ◽  
S. K. Mangulikar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in children. In India, it constitutes 15% of under five deaths. Various risk factors are responsible for ARI in children. Study of risk factors will help to reduce the high morbidity and mortality due to ARI. The objectives were to study risk factors responsible for acute respiratory infections in children and to find out case fatality rate &/ outcome of acute respiratory infections ARI in children.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was done in 2013-14 in a tertiary care centre to study the risk factors associated with ARI in children. All the pediatric patients between 0-12 years admitted in a tertiary care centre at Solapur were enrolled in the study.Results: Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) were more common in 1-4 years age group i.e. 57.31% (196). It was more common in males i.e. 64.33% (220) than females i.e. 35.67% (122). ARI was more common in lower socio-economic classes i.e. class V (50.58%), class IV (22.52%); in patients whose mothers were illiterate 43.28% and who had history of parental smoking 84.21%. Maximum patients of ARI were having history of overcrowding 75.73%, inadequate cross-ventilation 81.87% and use of smoky chullah 78.65% in their home. Statistically significant association found between ARI cases and these socio-demographic factors. 46.78% (160) were incompletely immunized and 16.37% (56) were not immunized at all. Only 36.84% (126) were completely immunized for their age. Maximum cases of ARI (50.88%) occurred in winter season followed by rainy season (26.90%). Outcome showed that 91.52% (313) were cured, while 1.75% (6) patients died due to ARI.Conclusions: The present study has identified various socio-demographic, nutritional and environmental risk factors for ARI which can be prevented by effective health education and an appropriate initiative taken by the government.

scholarly journals A study of epidemiology of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3942
Author(s):  
Deepali Kharat ◽  
Prajakta Goswami Giri ◽  
Michelle Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Threatening Situation

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the result of a flaw in human reproductive physiology that allows the concept us to implant and mature outside the endometrial cavity which ultimately ends in the death of the fetus. Without timely diagnosis and treatment, ectopic pregnancy can become a life-threatening situation. Aim of the present study was to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors and immediate morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy.Methods: The study was conducted among 194 patients with ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of two year. The following parameters: age, parity, gestational age, risk factors, clinical presentation, need for blood transfusion and findings on ultra-sonogram and morbidity associated with ectopic pregnancy were noted.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 0.76%. Etiological factors observed were pelvic inflammatory disease (13.9%), dilatation and curettage (8.8%), infertility (7.7%), previous abortions (7.2%), intrauterine contraceptive device (3.6%), previous ectopic pregnancy (2.6%) and history of sterilization (1.5%). The typical triad of amenorrhoea, pain in abdomen, and bleeding was observed in 76.5%. Surgery by open method in the form of salpingectomy (91.2%), salpingo-oophorectomy (5.7%) and salpingo-oophectomy ovarian cystectomy (4.1%) were the mainstay of management. Morbidity included anemia (24.2%) and blood transfusion (87.6%). No maternal mortality noted.Conclusions: Early diagnosis, proper assessment of principal risk factors and timely intervention in the form of conventional or surgical treatment will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy.

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