scholarly journals Bacteriological and physicochemical parameters of some selected borehole water sources in Abakaliki metropolis, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
pp. 3271-3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iroha Chidinma ◽  
Okonta Matthew ◽  
Ele Grace ◽  
Nwakaeze Emmanuel ◽  
Ejikeugwu Chika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Borehole Water

scholarly journals Assessment of Physicochemical and Bacteriological Qualities of Borehole Water Sources in Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
C. P. Aleru ◽  
O. A. Ollor ◽  
V. N. Agi ◽  
C. A. Azike
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
World Health ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Rivers State

This study was carried out to assess the Physicochemical and Bacteriological qualities of borehole water sources in Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. Twenty (20) boreholes were used for the study and a total of sixty (60) water samples were collected for bacteriological analyses. All the Physicochemical parameters were measured in situ using Horiba Water Checker (Model-10). Heterotrophic Plate Count, Most Probable Number technique and Eijkman test were used for the enumeration, isolation and identification of bacteria. All analyses for Physicochemical parameters were within the acceptable limits (pH: 6.3 to 7.7; Temperature: 27 to 30; Turbidity: 0.61 to 2.01). Bacteriological quality was higher than the World Health Organisation standard recommended limits. The detection of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus and Klebsiella species in the borehole water sources that are intended for human consumption could cause one to think that water from those sources may lead to severe health risks to consumers. Hence, it is not suitable for direct human consumption without treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that onsite treatment intervention be mobilised in order to protect residents of Gokana LGA of Rivers State, Nigeria from further possible consequences of using the borehole water sources.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bacterial Pathogens from Borehole Water Sources within the University of Port Harcourt

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
H. O. Stanley ◽  
C. N. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
The University

A study about the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of borehole water at the University of Port Harcourt was carried out. Eight water samples was pooled from NUH Block B (Under graduate Hostel), Nelson Mandela Block B (Undergraduate Hostel), Intercontinental Hostel (Post Graduate Hostel), Donald Ekong Block C (Post graduate Hostel), Clinical Hostel, Staff quarters (Opposite Uniport Bottling plant), Dan Etete (Undergraduate Hostel) and Gambiama Staff quarters designated as Sample 1 to sample 8 respectively. Physical examination was conducted to as the sanitary and hygiene practices within the collection area. It was observed that the undergraduate hostels had the least sanitary practice. Total counts of heterotrophic bacteria count showed that the highest bacterial count was recorded from Sample 2 with bacterial count of 2.3x104 CFU/ml while the least bacterial count was recorded from sample 8 with bacterial count of 3.0x102 CFU/ml. The isolated bacterial species from the water sources were identified as Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., E. coli., Serratia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Citrobacter sp. The presence of coliform bacteria in the sampled water source does not comply with the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for coliform bacteria of zero total coliform per 100 ml of water. The borehole water samples collected had pH values within 5.9-6.85 which does not comply with the WHO recommended range for drinking water standards which should fall between ≥7 to ≤9.2. Nitrate concentration as observed amongst the eight water samples was below the WHO standard of 50mg/l. The Total dissolved solutes was below 0.01 in all the tested waters samples. This study has revealed that borehole water from sampled sources within the University of Port Harcourt is not fit for human consumption without adequate treatment.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Calibration of the FT-IR Spectroscopy on Concentration of Heavy Metal Ions in River and Borehole Water Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7785
Author(s):  
Matthew Mamera ◽  
Johan J. van Tol ◽  
Makhosazana P. Aghoghovwia ◽  
Elmarie Kotze
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Calibration ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Heavy metals in water sources can threaten human life and the environment. The analysis time, need for chemical reagents, and sample amount per analysis assist in monitoring contaminants. Application of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy for the investigation of heavy metal elements has significantly developed due to its cost effectiveness and accuracy. Use of chemometric models such as Partial Least Square (PLS) and Principle Component Regression Analysis (PCA) relate the multiple spectral intensities from numerous calibration samples to the recognized analytes. This study focused on the FT-IR calibration and quantification of heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in surveyed water sources. FT-IR measurements were compared with the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) measurements. Quantitative analysis methods, PCA and PLS, were used in the FT-IR calibration. The spectral analyses were done using the Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-FTIR) technique on three river and four borehole water sources sampled within two seasons in QwaQwa, South Africa (SA). The PLS models had good R2 values ranging from 0.95 to 1 and the PCA models ranged from 0.98 to 0.99. Significant differences were seen at 0.001 and 0.05 levels between the PLS and PCA models for detecting Cd and Pb in the water samples. The PCA models detected Ag concentrations more (˂0 mg L−1 on selected sites). Both the PLS and PCA models had lower detection only for Zn ions mostly above 45 mg L−1 deviating from the AAS measurements (<0.020 mg L−1). The FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated good potential for heavy metal determination purposes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Metal Content and Bacteriological Parameters of Selected Borehole Water Sources in Abakaliki, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iroha Chidinma ◽  
Iroha Ifeanyichukwu ◽  
Nwakaeze Emmanuel ◽  
Ajah Monique ◽  
Ejikeugwu Chika
Keyword(s):  
Metal Content ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Bacteriological Parameters

scholarly journals Caractéristiques physico-chimiques des eaux de forages à usage domestique dans la ville de Daloa (centre-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 835-845
Author(s):  
Yao Francis Kouame ◽  
Atolé Brice Bienvenu Kedi ◽  
Seka Simplice Kouassi ◽  
N’Guessan Jimmy Aristide Konan ◽  
Egomli Stanislas Assohoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Qualité De L’Eau ◽  
Conductivité Électrique ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Les populations de la ville de Daloa en Côte d’Ivoire consomment majoritairement les eaux de forages au détriment de l’eau fournie par la société agréée. Ainsi, cette étude des eaux de forages a pour objectif l’évaluation de ses caractéristiques physico-chimiques. Elle a permis de mesurer au niveau de quinze forages les paramètres tels que le pH, la conductivité électrique, la température, le nitrite, le nitrate, l’ammonium, le sulfate, le bicarbonate, le calcium, le magnésium et le potassium. Les valeurs moyennes sont comparées aux normes relatives à la qualité de l’eau de boisson. L’analyse statistique multivariée dont l’Analyse en Composantes Principales (ACP) et la Classification Hiérarchique Ascendante (CHA) a été également appliquée à l’ensemble des paramètres mesurés. Il ressort des résultats que l’eau des forages est légèrement acide avec un pH moyen de 6,0 ± 0,5. Elle est faiblement minéralisée avec une conductivité électrique moyenne de 246,2 ± 162,6 μS/cm. Une forte corrélation est signalée entre la conductivité électrique et les paramètres suivants : nitrate, ammonium, bicarbonate, calcium, magnésium, sodium et potassium. La classification des forages est gouvernée par les valeurs de conductivité et de pH qui permettent de regrouper les forages selon leur qualité physico-chimique. Les eaux des forages de Daloa sont conformes aux directives de l’OMS.Mots clés : Daloa, eau de forage, norme, paramètres physico-chimique, qualité de l’eau. English title: Physicochemical characteristic of ground water for domestic use in the town of Daloa (Midwest, Ivory Coast)   The population of Daloa (third largest city in Côte d’Ivoire) mainly consume borehole water to the detriment of water provided by approved company. Thus, the quality of borehole water is evaluated from their physicochemical characteristics in this study. The study carried out in various districts of the city made it possible to measure for fifteen boreholes the physicochemical parameters such as pH, electric conductivity, temperature, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, sulphate, bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium and potassium. The average values are compared with the standards relating to drinking water quality. The Multivariate statistical analysis whose Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering (HC) were also applied to the whole of the measured parameters. The results show that the borehole water is slightly acid with an average pH of 6,0 ± 0,5. It is slightly mineral-bearing with an average electric conductivity of 246,2 ± 162,6 μS/cm. A strong correlation is announced between electric conductivity and the following parameters: nitrate, ammonium, bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The classification of borehole controlled by this value of conductivity and pH which makes it possible to gather borehole according to their physicochemical quality. The physicochemical parameters of borehole water from Daloa are in conformity with the directives of WHO.Keywords: Daloa, borehole water, standard, physicochemical parameters, water quality.

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