Morbidity and functional ability in the elderly: a cross sectional study in a rural population of Manipur

Background: Elderly in India suffers from both communicable and non-communicable diseases, also functional independence reduces due to physiological changes. This study aims to determine the pattern of morbidity, functional ability in activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and to assess any factors associated with ADL.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to April 2019 among 420 elderly aged 60 years and above residing in rural areas of Wangoi in Manipur. Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method was used to select 6 villages out of 28 villages. A pre-tested interview schedule was used as study tool. Data were analysed using SPSS IBM statistics version 21 using mean, SD, proportion, chi-squared (χ²) test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed taking p-value<0.05 as statistically significant.Results: Some form of morbidity was reported by 49.1% of the respondents. The prevalence of dependent according to ADL was 8.1%. According to IADL score, 97.6% female and 46% male have limitation. Elder age group, female gender, living without spouse, illiterate were significantly associated with dependency according to ADL. In adjusted analysis, every unit increased in age, risk of being dependent increases significantly by 10% [AOR=1.10 (1.04-1.16)].Conclusions: Almost half of respondents had some form of morbidity. Only a few (4.5%) were dependent according to ADL. A more comprehensive study covering different communities using various laboratory investigations can be conducted in Manipur.

Download Full-text

Functional impairments of elderly in rural areas of east Sikkim, India: cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182662 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 3136

Author(s):

Frieda Bokali P. Engheepi ◽

Nikita Joshi Sonowal ◽

V. K. Mehta ◽

Ajoy Daniel Rai

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Daily Living ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Functional Impairments ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Instrumental Activities

Background: Ageing is a universal, biological reality, which affects every individual on this earth.India, being the second largest country with 8.4% of the total population belonging to the age group of 60 years and above faces challenges of population ageing. The major concern now being the health care of the elderly as functional ability decreases with age leading to avoidance of challenging situations, restricted activity and further decline in health. The objective of this study was to find out the functional impairments of elderly in rural areas of East Sikkim using Lawton’s instrumental activities of daily living scale.Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out with 324 elderly people aged 60 years and above. The study sample was obtained using multistage random sampling method. Out of total 52 GPU’s in rural areas of east Sikkim, 18 GPU’s were selected using random generation number method and then the list of all the elderly were obtained from each selected GPU. From this list, 18 elderlies in each GPU were randomly selected for the study thus the total sample size was 324. The study was conducted using Lawton’s instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale.Results: There was significant difference between the IADL score of both the genders (p=0.0001). There was no significant relationship in IADL score with age (r=-0.072). However, 2.5% of the elderly were totally dependent for IADL activity.Conclusions: Developing multidisciplinary approaches for improving quality of life might be a fruitful approach in elderly and thus enhancing the policy makers for forming a comprehensive geriatric rehabilitation services to provide health care accessibility for every elderly.

Download Full-text

Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211007264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110072

Author(s):

Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽

Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽

Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽

Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽

Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Daily Living ◽

Female Gender ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

Download Full-text

Correlation between instrumental activities of daily living and white matter hyperintensities in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: results of a cross-sectional study

Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1007/s10072-012-1120-z ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 715-721 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bora Yoon ◽

Yong S. Shim ◽

Yong-Duk Kim ◽

Kee Ook Lee ◽

Sang-Jun Na ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Factors associated with maternal near-miss at public hospitals of South-East Ethiopia: An institutional-based cross-sectional study

Women s Health ◽

10.1177/17455065211060617 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 174550652110606

Author(s):

Ashenafi Mekonnen ◽

Genet Fikadu ◽

Kenbon Seyoum ◽

Gemechu Ganfure ◽

Sisay Degno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Mortality ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Near Miss ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Maternal Near Miss ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Maternal near-miss precedes maternal mortality, and women are still alive indicating that the numbers of near-misses occur more often than maternal mortality. This study aims to assess the prevalence of maternal near-miss and associated factors at public hospitals of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out from 1 October 2018 to 28 February 2019, among 300 women admitted to maternity wards. A structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data. Epi-info for data entry and statistical package for social science for analysis were used. The descriptive findings were summarized using tables and text. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 were used to examine the association between the independent and dependent variables. Result: The prevalence of maternal near-miss in our study area was 28.7%. Age < 20 years, age at first marriage < 20 years, husbands with primary education, and being from rural areas are factors significantly associated with the prevalence of maternal near-miss. The zonal health department in collaboration with the education department and justice office has to mitigate early marriage by educating the community about the impacts of early marriage on health.

Download Full-text

Potential associated factors of functional disability in Chinese older inpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.21887/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongpeng Liu ◽

Jing Jiao ◽

Chen Zhu ◽

Minglei Zhu ◽

Xianxiu Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Older Inpatients ◽

Hospital Wards

Abstract Background: Older adults are vulnerable to a decline in physical functioning, including basic activities of daily living (ADL) and higher-level instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The causes of functional disability in older adults are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of these factors will contribute toward future health service planning. However, studies of ADL and IADL in Chinese older adults are insufficient. The aim of this study is to describe the level of ADL and IADL in different age groups and explore the factors associated with functional disability in Chinese older inpatients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisted of 9,996 Chinese older inpatients aged 65 years and older. Participants were recruited from six provinces or municipality city in southwest (Sichuan province), northeast (Heilongjiang), south central (Hubei province), northern (Beijing municipality city), northwest (Qinghai province), and eastern China (Zhejiang province) from October 2018 to February 2019. The levels of ADL and IADL were measured by scores of the Barthel index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale in consecutive intervals from 65 years of age. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, a mixed-effect generalized linear model was used to examine the association between functional disability and covariates. Results: The average ADL score was 27.68±4.59 and the mean IADL score 6.76±2.01 for all participants. A negative correlation between scores and age was observed, and there was a significant difference in ADL and IADL scores among different age groups. The top negatively influential factor in ADL and IADL was stair climbing and shopping, respectively. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, aging, emaciation, frailty, depression, falling accidents in past 12 months, hearing dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and defecation dysfunction were associated with ADL and IADL. Patients transitioned from the emergency department and other hospitals were also affected by ADL disability. Former smoking was associated with lower IADL scores. Higher level of education, living in a building without elevators, and current alcohol consumption were correlated with better IADL performance. Conclusion: Decreased functional ability was associated with the increasing age. Sociodemographic characteristics (such as age), physical health variables (frailty, emaciation, hearing dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, defecation dysfunction, falling accidents in past 12 months), and mental health variables (cognitive dysfunction, depression) were associated with functional disability. These findings potentially have major importance for the planning of hospital services, discharge planning, and post-discharge care.

Download Full-text