scholarly journals Physical health impairment, disability and suicidal intent among self-harm survivors in South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2370
Author(s):  
Sumanth Mallikarjuna Majgi ◽  
Steven Jones ◽  
Lou Taylor ◽  
Somashekar R. ◽  
Santhosh Nagaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
South India ◽  
Past History ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Suicidal Intent ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Complex Relationships

Background: Suicide is major public health concern in India. There are limited data examining the relationship between health impairment, disability and severity of suicidal intent. The aim of the study was to examine the associations of health impairment and disability with severity of suicidal intent among survivors following an act of self-harm.Methods: A pilot exploratory study of 453 self-harm survivors from a specialist hospital in South India. Socio-demographics, physical health impairment, disability (WHO Disability Schedule-II), suicidal intent, (Pierce suicide intent scale) and mental disorders were studied.Results: Arthritis was the most common physical impairment among self-harm survivors followed by gastrointestinal, sensory impairment and difficulty with mobilization. Nearly 10% of participants had some degree of functional impairment, with 38% experiencing severe physical pain in the week prior to self-harm. Past history of depression treatment, age, education and occupation influenced positively PSIS scores. There were significant associations between suicidal intent and disability.Conclusions: Indian self-harm survivors indicated complex relationships between physical health, disability and suicidal intent. Understanding these associations may help to develop suicide prevention strategies. Our findings suggest a need for integrating a comprehensive of physical health assessment in self harm survivors.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic, obstetric and psychological determinants of obesity among women in early to mid-pregnancy in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Shubhashree Venkatesh ◽  
Anita Nath ◽  
Sheeba Balan ◽  
Vindhya J ◽  
Chandra S. Metgud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
South India ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Past History ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of

Background: Worldwide, the occurrence of obesity has markedly increased over the past decades with serious public health consequences. Obese pregnant women are more likely to develop hypertension, pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes, resulting in obstetric complications which in turn may contribute to an increase in adverse child outcomes and maternal mortality. The present study was done to determine the prevalence of obesity and its association with socio-demographic variables, obstetric history and mental health. Methods: This study was nested within an ongoing cohort study, CASCADE, in a public hospital in Bangalore. The study participants comprised of 280 pregnant women who were 18 years of age and above, with a gestational age of less than 24 weeks, enrolled between a period of August 1st, 2017 until April 30th, 2018. Weight and height were measured using calibrated devices to calculate the body mass index. Results: The prevalence of obesity was observed to be 33.9% among the pregnant mothers. Obesity was found to be significantly associated with age, history of abortion, gravidity on multivariate logistic regression. No association was found with depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Obesity is an important health concern among urban pregnant women in the region of South India. The prevalence is much higher than that reported in other studies. Increasing age, multigravidity and past history of abortion were significantly associated with maternal obesity.

Decision making and vulnerability to suicidal behaviour in elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2164-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Courtet ◽  
M. Wyart ◽  
I. Jaussent ◽  
K. Ritchie ◽  
F. Jollant
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Past History ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Cognitive Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Suicide is a major public health concern, especially for older adults, who have higher rates of completed suicide than any other age group in most countries of the world. However, understanding suicidal behaviour remains a challenging task particularly among the elders who have been poorly studied. Decision making has been recently found to be altered in suicide attempters under 65.To test wether decision making would be a neuropsychological trait of vulnerability to suicidal behaviours, the authors used the Iowa Gambling Task to investigate normothymic non demented elders with a history of suicidal behaviour (N = 35) and compared it to decision making in non suicide attempters with a past history of depression (N = 52) and comparison subjects (N = 43). The data also were compared to those of similar groups of younger normothymic subjects. Moreover, the old suicidal patients were assessed according to the age at the onset of suicidal behaviour (before or after 60).Old suicide attempters did not significantly differ from the other aged groups and according to the age of first suicidal behaviour. Old suicide attempters presented better performances than that of younger suicidal patients.Vulnerability to suicidal behaviour in older people may proceed from cognitive processes which are different from the ones involved in suicidal vulnerability of younger subjects. These results are preliminary and further studies are needed to explore vulnerability cognitive patterns to suicide among elders.

A retrospective cohort study describing characteristics of those repeatedly detained under Section 136 of the Mental Health Act over a 5-year period and the association with past abuse

2021 ◽  
pp. 002580242110454
Author(s):  
Laureen Adewusi ◽  
Isabel Mark ◽  
Paige Wells ◽  
Aileen O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Past History ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Community Support ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Mental Health Act ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

Individuals repeatedly detained under Section 136 (S136) of the Mental Health Act account for a significant proportion of all detentions. This study provides a detailed analysis of those repeatedly detained (‘repeat attenders’) to a London Mental Health Trust, identifying key demographic profiles when compared to non-repeat attenders, describing core clinical characteristics and determining to what degree a past history of abuse might be associated with these. All detentions to the S136 suite at South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust over a 5-year period (2015–2020) were examined. Data were collected retrospectively from electronic records. A total of 1767 patients had been detained, with 81 patients identified as being a ‘repeat attenders’ (having had > = 3 detentions to the S136 suite during the study period). Repeat attenders accounted for 400 detentions, 17.7% of all detentions. Repeat attenders included a higher proportion of females (49.4%, p = 0.0001), compared to non-repeat attenders, and a higher proportion of them were of white ethnicity (85.2%, p = 0.001). 52 (64%) patients reported being a victim of past abuse or trauma. Of repeat attenders who reported past abuse or trauma, a high proportion had diagnoses of personality disorders, with deliberate self-harm as the most common reason for detention. They were more commonly discharged home with community support, rather than considered for hospital admission. In light of these findings, this paper discusses support potential strategies for those most vulnerable to repeated S136 detention, thereby minimising the ever-growing number of S136 detentions in the UK.

scholarly journals Prospective study of risk factors for suicidal behavior in individuals with anxiety disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1465-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Uebelacker ◽  
R. Weisberg ◽  
M. Millman ◽  
S. Yen ◽  
M. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
History Of

BackgroundAnxiety disorders are very common and increase risk for suicide attempts. Little is known about predictors of increased risk specifically among individuals with anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether specific anxiety disorders and other co-morbid psychiatric disorders, physical health, or work or social functioning increased the future likelihood of a suicide attempts among individuals with anxiety disorders.MethodIn this prospective study, 676 individuals with an anxiety disorder were followed for an average of 12 years.ResultsAs hypothesized, we found that post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), intermittent depressive disorder (IDD), epilepsy, pain, and poor work and social functioning all predicted a shorter time to a suicide attempt in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, baseline MDD and IDD were independent predictors of time to suicide attempt, even when controlling for a past history of suicide attempt. No specific anxiety disorder was an independent predictor of time to attempt in this anxiety-disordered sample. Adding baseline physical health variables and social functioning did not improve the ability of the model to predict time to suicide attempt.ConclusionsMood disorders and past history of suicide attempts are the most powerful predictors of a future suicide attempt in this sample of individuals, all of whom have an anxiety disorder.

Suicide among Psychiatric in-Patients in the Wellington Region

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Read ◽  
Christopher S. Thomas ◽  
Graham W. Mellsop
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Patient Suicide ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Psychiatric Admissions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Area Health ◽  
Control Study

To identify risk factors for in-patient suicide, a case-control study of in-patient suicide was conducted in the Wellington Area Health Board region between 1984 and 1989 on 27 cases and 86 controls. The risk of in-patient suicide was increased among individuals who had been compulsorily admitted, suffered from schizophrenia, had a past history of deliberate self harm, had been in hospital for more than a month, or were unmarried. Notably, there was no relationship with physical health, a history of substance abuse, number of psychiatric admissions and time since the last known episode of deliberate self harm. These characteristics can assist clinical assessment of individual suicidal risk. Further evaluation of the relation of compulsory admission to suicide is required.

scholarly journals Problem-Based Review: Paracetamol Overdose

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Tom Heaps ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Past History ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Minute Period ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
History Of Depression

A 29-year old male presents to the emergency department 1h after an overdose of cocodamol. He admits to taking approximately 60 x 8/500mg tablets, with alcohol, over a 20 minute period. He has a past history of depression, treated by his GP with citalopram 20mg OD. He has no previous history of deliberate self-harm. His past medical history is otherwise unremarkable and he is not on any additional medications. He drinks approximately 40 units of alcohol per week. Physical examination is unremarkable, his pupils are normal diameter and his Glasgow Coma Scale is 15. He weighs 82kg.

PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN SUB-URBAN POPULATION OF CHENNAI USING QUS (QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND) OF CALCANEUM -A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
S. Balameena ◽  
R Agavendra ◽  
Karthikeyan Karthikeyan ◽  
Sujatha Sujatha ◽  
Sabarish Sabarish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Past History ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ultrasound Score

Background:Burden of Osteoporosis and its related fractures are enormous and growing public health concern. Worldwide, an estimated 200 million adults suffer from osteoporosis. Vertebral and non-vertebral fractures are the most clinically relevant osteoporotic fracture because they are expensive to treat and have severe consequences for middle aged and elderly population.(1 ,2) The purpose of our study was to assess calcaneal ultrasound score as a screening test for osteoporosis. Material and Methods: Fifty patients above the age of 40 years who attended a health checkup camp conducted by our institute in a suburban population base of Chennai,Tamilnadu was subjected for noninvasive QUS of calcaneum bone as a screening test for osteoporosis. They were divided into different age groups ,co-morbid conditions noted and BMD scores from QUS was assessed. Statistical method were used with SPSS Version .It was a cross sectional descriptive study. Results: A total of 50 patients underwent QUS of calcaneum bone in our study , all of them above the age of 40 years. 33(66%) of them were females and 17(34%) were males. Eight patients( 16% ) had T score < -2.5 out of which 1 was male. 26 patients(52%) had T scores in the osteopenic range (-1>Tscore>-2.5).16 patients(32%) had T scores in the normal range. 40 % of patients had associated osteoarthritis and four patients had diabetes. 2 patients who underwent screening had past history of nontraumatic fractures. Conclusion: QUS of calcaneum is a good screening tool for assessing bone density in our country since its cost effective and can be used in various screening camps. The machine is portable and can be used with minimal training making it easier for the primary caregiver. It has reasonably good sensitivity and fair specicity when using Tscore of -2.5 as the cut off point. However DEXAis the gold standard for treatment and followup of patients with osteoporosis.

Suicide in schizophrenia

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Cannon ◽  
Peter Buckley ◽  
Conall Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Past History ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Socially Isolated

AbstractSuicide is recognised as the most devastating possible outcome of a schizophrenic illness. This study examined the characteristics of 15 schizophrenic patients who committed suicide. These patients were older and less socially isolated than noted in other research. Drowning was the commonest method of suicide and overall, the methods chosen were comparable to those reported among the general Irish population. A past history of deliberate self harm was common although no temporal relationship between such behaviour and suicide emerged. The findings are discussed in the light of the existing literature on this topic.

The North Staffordshire Suicide Study: a case–control study of suicide in one health district

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. BOARDMAN ◽  
A. H. GRIMBALDESTON ◽  
C. HANDLEY ◽  
P. W. JONES ◽  
S. WILLMOTT
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
One Health ◽  
Past History ◽  
Health District ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
History Of ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
Self Harm

Background. The aim of the study was to identify sociodemographic and clinical risk factors for death from suicide and undetermined injury in residents of one health district.Method. Data were collected on all cases of suicide (ICD-9 E950–959) and undetermined injury (ICD-9 E980–989) for residents in North Staffordshire Health District between 1991 and 1995. Controls, identified from the Coroner's inquest register, who died from other causes, were matched for age and sex.Results. Two hundred and twelve pairs of cases and matched controls were identified. Multivariate analysis (conditional logistic regression) showed that the risk of death due to suicide and undetermined death was associated with: recent separation, relationship difficulties, experience of financial difficulties, history of past criminal charges or contact with the police, a past history of deliberate self-harm, being on psychotropic medication at the time of death and a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder. For sociodemographic variables, a univariate analysis found associations between the cases and being separated, living alone, having a past history of criminal charges and unemployment. Cases were more likely to have a psychiatric disorder, past history of deliberate self-harm and a past history of psychiatric contact for themselves or a family member. Controls were more likely to have a current medical disorder. Cases were more likely than controls to be on any form of medication at the time of death and to have received a prescription for psychotropic or non-psychotropic medication in the week and month before death. Cases were more likely than controls to have had contact with medical services in the week and month before death, with the general practitioner in the week before death and with psychiatric services at any time in the year before death. Strong associations were found between suicide and undetermined injury and life events such as recent separation and bereavement, and financial and relationship difficulties.Conclusions. The study provides an analytical investigation utilizing a dead control group, data gathered from several sources and adequate numbers of cases. It confirms many of the risk factors identified in other studies and highlights the high proportion of suicides who have been in recent contact with the criminal justice system or have been prescribed medication shortly before death.

scholarly journals Disability with Persistent Pain Following an Epidemic of Chikungunya in Rural South India

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma A. Rahim ◽  
Romy Jose Thekkekara ◽  
Thomas Bina ◽  
Binoy J. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
South India ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
History Of

Objective.We investigated the effects of chronic rheumatic and musculoskeletal symptoms on the functional status of people affected by the chikungunya (CKG) epidemic in the Calicut District, Kerala, South India in 2009.Methods.A cross-sectional house-to-house survey was conducted 18 months after the CKG epidemic to assess functional status of individuals with post-epidemic persistent pain. All respondents over age 15 years with persistent pain fitting the epidemiological case definition were included. Participants’ functional status was assessed using the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Factors affecting severity of HAQ-DI were analyzed by ordinal regression.Results.Of 3869 subjects interviewed, 1195 (34.3%) had a positive history of CHIKV virus infection (epidemiological or confirmed); 36.28% (624/1720) of CKG-affected individuals had persistent pain 18 months post epidemic. Mean age of those affected was 48.22 ± 15.6 years; 23.2% had no disability, while 16.2% had moderate to severe disability on the HAQ-DI. Significant factors affecting severity of disability on HAQ-DI included previous rheumatic musculoskeletal disease (OR 2.27), joint and soft-tissue involvement (OR 3.74), only joint involvement (OR 2.14), female sex (OR 1.44), diet (OR 4.73), and history of joint swelling (OR 1.72).Conclusion.Persistence of pain noted in post-CKG disease resulted in significantly deteriorated functional status of those affected.

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