scholarly journals A study on incidence of various allergens involved in allergic contact dermatitis by patch testing among 150 patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
V. N. S. Ahamed Shariff ◽  
K. Deepa ◽  
L. Balamurugan ◽  
S. Nirmala
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Male To Female

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis is common dermatoses seen among patients attending dermatology clinics. Allergic contact dermatitis is due to delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is made by patch testing. A positive reaction to a patch test commonly proves the cause of dermatitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was conducted<strong> </strong>to estimate the incidence of various allergens among 150 patch test positive patients with allergic contact dermatitis who had attended the dermatology OPD in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, between October 2014 and September 2016. All the details regarding history, examination findings, investigations and patch test results were collected from case records, the data were tabulated and analysed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis to cement was the commonest (44.7%), followed by nickel (10%) and plant antigens (9.3%). The commonest allergen to be tested positive was Potassium dichromate (82 cases), followed nickel (15 cases) and formaldehyde (8 cases). Most of the patients were in the age category between 41 and 50 years (47 cases– 31.33%). Male to female ratio was 2.41:1. 14 were atopic individuals (9.33%) by Hanifin and Rajka's criteria. Allergic contact dermatitis in 103 cases of our study were of occupational in origin (67%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Avoidance of allergen and proper preventive measures in workplace and day to day activities will lead to significant decrease in the morbidity of the disease and improvement in quality of life in patients with allergic contact dermatitis. </p>

scholarly journals Common Contact Sensitizers among Patients with Hand Eczema: A Multicenter-Study in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
S. Bhattarai ◽  
A. Rijal ◽  
S. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Hand Eczema ◽  
Contact Allergens ◽  
Allergic Contact

Introduction: Allergic contact dermatitis in Nepal is not an uncommon disorder. Patch testing is a well established method of diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis. Patients with contact dermatitis are well known to have impaired quality of life which often leads to frequent dermatological consultations.Objective: Lack of data from Nepal has prompted us to undertake this study with the aims to know the frequency of allergic contact dermatitis and the commonest contact allergens among the patients with Hand eczema attending the out-patient department of dermatology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences and Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.Material and Methods: A total of 256 patients were included in the study. Out of them 195 with hand eczema agreed to participate and undergo patch testing. The antigens used included the Indian standard series of patch test allergens approved by Contact and Occupational Dermatoses Forum of India.Results: Hundred and ten cases (56.4%) were patch test positive (PTP) at 48 as well as 96 hours to at least one allergen. PTP was seen more commonly in females. The most common allergen in females was nickel sulphate followed by cobalt chloride, gentamicin and mercapto mix while males were positive to potassium dichromate, followed by epoxy resin, fragrance mix and nickel sulphate.Conclusion: Patch testing has proved a useful tool for the detection of allergic contact dermatitis and for identification of contact allergens. When positive reactions correlate with environmental exposure the test usually assists the physician in establishing the cause of dermatitis, hence treating the patients and improving their quality of life.Nepal Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Vol.14(1) 2016, pp.14-17

Trends of common contact sensitizers in tandem with increased hair dye dermatitis in Shimla, a sub-Himalayan region: a study of 521 patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam K. Verma ◽  
Saru Thakur ◽  
Gita Ram Tegta ◽  
Ajeet K. Negi ◽  
Saurabh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Contact Sensitization ◽  
Hair Dye ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Insight Into

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin is exposed to a vast variety of chemicals, organic or biological products among fashion seeking community of today’s world. This put them at risk of contact sensitization. Rapid industrialization, westernization of the society and poor labeling laws of cosmetics put us to the threat of “contact sensitization explosion” in near future. To know the drift of common contact sensitizers in the region, patch testing provides an insight into the cause of allergic contact dermatitis. The objective of the study was to determine the commonest allergen responsible for allergic contact dermatitis among patients attending contact dermatitis clinic in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology of our institution. We reviewed the medical records of all patients who were patch tested over a period of 6 years, using Indian standard series.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 521 patients who were patch tested in the contact dermatitis clinic were included in the study. Nine patients with angry back were excluded. There were 269 males and 243 females. The commonest provisional diagnosis was allergic contact dermatitis secondary to hair dye in 172 (33.3%) patients followed by air borne contact dermatitis to parthenium in 88 (17.3%) patients. The paraphenylenediamine (PPD) being the most common sensitizer in 92 (17.9%) patients was followed by nickel in 86 (16.7%) patients, potassium dichromate in 36 (7%), parthenium in 32 (6%) and fragrance mix in 31 (6%) patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study revealed higher prevalence of hair dye dermatitis. Paraphenylenediamine was the most common allergen.</p>

scholarly journals Study of Common Allergens in Patients with Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Arnija Rana ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
AK Jha ◽  
DP Thapa ◽  
S Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Nickel Sulphate ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Positive Patch Test ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Allergic Contact

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is one of the most common diseases presenting to the Dermatology department. The one and only method of preventing as well as treating this disease is avoidance of the allergen causing it. The identification of the allergen causing the ACD is possible by performing patch testing. The purpose of this study was to identify common allergens among patients with ACD using Indian standard series (ISS) of patch test. Clinically suspected cases of ACD were included in the hospital based cross-sectional study from January to December 2017. These cases underwent patch testing with the ISS. The study assessed the following variables: sex, age, occupation, site and positive patch test results. There were a total of 58 patients among which, 36.2% were males and 63.8% were females with a mean age of 32.36±12.51 years. Positive patch test reactions were seen in 63.0% of patients. The most common allergens were nickel sulphate (51.4%), fragrance mix (37.8%), potassium dichromate (8.1%), colophony (8.1%) and black rubber mix (8.1%). Among male, most common allergens were fragrance mix (57.1%), nickel sulphate (28.6%) and potassium dichromate (21.4%) while in female, most common allergens were nickel sulphate (65.2%) and fragrance mix (26.1%). In our study, majority of the allergens were positive. Hence, the ISS used in the study might be suitable in the context of Nepalese population. However, further similar studies on large number of patients with multiple allergens are required to determine the exact number of contact allergens prevalent in our population.

Polysensitization in Recurrent Lip Dermatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Fraser ◽  
Melanie Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Positive Patch Test ◽  
Test Reactions ◽  
Allergic Contact

Background: In allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), polysensitization consists of positive patch test reactions to three or more unrelated allergens. Objective: The purpose of this case report is to document a 27-year-old female with recurrent lip dermatitis, polysensitization, and reactions to a number of clinically relevant exposures. Methods: Patch testing results revealed positive reactions to tixocortol-21-pivalate (3+), lanolin (3+), neomycin (3+), nickel (1+), hydroxyethyl methylacrylate (3+), bacitracin (3+), and abitol (3+). Results: The patient had seven positive reactions, meeting the criteria for polysensitization. Of known clinical relevance, the patient had applied lanolin-containing lip balms and hydrocortisone- and bacitracin-containing products to the lips, all of which she was strongly reactive to on patch testing. Conclusion: Polysensitization occurs when three or more unrelated allergens are positive on patch testing. This case highlights the importance of considering polysensitization in ACD as numerous allergens that were positive on patch testing were clinically relevant.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of patients with allergic contact dermatitis attending tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Guruprasad Kalyanrao Y. ◽  
Ashok Kumar B. Nagure
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Past History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
External Application ◽  
Compensation Claims ◽  
Allergic Contact

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory response of the skin to various antigens and irritants. It accounts for a formidable proportion of dermatological consultations. It accounts for a formidable proportion of dermatological consultations. It is associated with significant morbidity, and it is one of the most common reasons for workmen’s compensation claims for skin diseases.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The Methodology included detailed history especially of potential sensitisers in the environment, occupation, hobbies, any contact with external application of cosmetics, drugs, ointments. Emphases on past history were recorded regarding the mode of presentation, progression, medication taken and their effect on allergic contact dermatitis</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Allergic contact dermatitis due to <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> accounts for 80 (64%) cases, allergic contact dermatitis due to wearing apparel and jewellery accounts for 21 (16.8%) cases, due to topical medicaments 10 (8%), allergic contact dermatitis due to cosmetics and occupational (professional) antigen constituting 7 (5.6%) each. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The most common and important mode of contact is from the pollen or dried leaf fragments flying in the air which settles on the skin, clothes and induces allergy which is known as Air borne contact dermatitis, this is more common in men, outdoor professions or those who spent more time in outdoor including froresters, labourers, engineers, sports person, hunters, gardeners and farmers.</span></p>

scholarly journals The European Baseline Series in Romania: Results of Patch Testing in Contact Dermatitis and Determination of the Most Frequently Awareness in Adult Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Magdalena Constantin ◽  
Stefana Bucur ◽  
Clara Matei ◽  
Iuliana Elena Nita ◽  
Traian Constantin
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Contact Allergy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Positive Patch Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Allergic Contact

In Romania, data on patch testing are lacking and the significance and applicability of the European baseline series (EBS) needs to be evaluated. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of contact allergy to the EBS and to determine the most common post-test sensitization occurred in the population of patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis in Romania. Demographic data were collected from 252 patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis. Pacients were patch tested with 28-allergen EBS.The positive patch test was observed in 80.16% patients. The most prevalent contact allergens were nickel sulphate (15.08%), fragrance mix I & II (13.10%) and potassium dichromate (9.52%). Differences in sensitization prevalences to some allergens of the EBS compared with other European countries were recognized. The current EBS is a suitable diagnostic tool for contact allergy in Romania.

scholarly journals Results of patch tests (using Indian standard battery of allergens) in cement workers with clinically diagnosed allergic contact dermatitis to cement: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thacharamban Mansoorali ◽  
Abdulsalam Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Test Reaction ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Positive Patch Test ◽  
Allergic Contact

Objectives: The objective of the study was to identify the allergens showing positive patch test reaction (using Indian standard battery of allergens) in cement workers with clinically diagnosed allergic contact dermatitis (CD) to cement attending a tertiary referral center. Materials and Methods: We included cement workers with clinically diagnosed allergic CD to cement who attended the dermatology outpatient clinic of our tertiary referral center from January 2013 to December 2013. We did patch testing in all the cases ( after subsidence of active dermatitis) with Indian standard battery of patch test allergens and documented the allergens that showed a positive reaction. Results: Forty-seven (94%) of the 50 study participants showed a positive reaction to one or more of the allergens. The most common allergen that showed a positive reaction was potassium dichromate (43/50, 86%). Twenty-five patients (50%) showed positive reactions to more than 1 allergen. Four patients (8%) showed positive reactions only to allergens that were not seen in cement. Limitations: Small sample size and lack of information on clinical response of dermatitis to avoidance of identified allergen were the major limitations. Conclusion: Twenty-five (50%) patients showing positive reactions to more than 1 allergen tested and 4 (8%) showing positive patch test reaction to none of the allergens in cement (but to other allergens) highlight the role of patch testing in identifying the probable allergens in patients with clinically diagnosed allergic CD to cement.

scholarly journals Association Between IL16 Gene Polymorphism and Allergic Contact Dermatitis Among Construction Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863451988055
Author(s):  
Eman Omar Khashaba ◽  
Mohammad A Gaballah ◽  
Ahmed Fathy State ◽  
Mona Elwassefy
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Gene Distribution ◽  
Positive Patch Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Allergic Contact

Objectives: First, this research was instituted to identify common allergens, and second, to test the association between IL16 gene promoter polymorphism rs4778889 T/C and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Methods: A case control study was conducted in dermatology outpatients’ clinic. Study subjects received interview-based semi-structured questionnaire, complete skin examination, IL16 gene promoter was investigated by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis, and IQ Ultra™ patch test units (Chemotechnique Diagnostics AB, Sweden) with 10 substances were used. Results: Most of the prevalent cases had positive patch test (93.3%). The most common clinical presentation of ACD in our patients was itching (96.7%), followed by dryness (86.75%), erythema (76.7%), and fissuring (76.7%). There was higher CC gene distribution among cases, but there was no statistically significant difference. IL16 gene distribution was nearly similar among different clinical presentations. Formaldehyde showed statistically significant higher frequency for CC. The most common allergen found was mercury chloride (76.6%), followed by potassium dichromate (26.6%) and cobalt chloride (20%). Conclusions: The current study found prominent metal sensitization (mercury chloride) over the previously known potassium dichromate. There was no statistically significant IL16 gene distribution among cases compared with control. However, C allele was more frequently encountered in cases. Further studies are required to test the association with IL16 genotype and ACD and highlight the new trends in metal sensitization among cement-exposed workers.

Comparative Study of IQ-Ultra and Finn Chambers Test Methodologies in Detecting 10 Common Standard Allergens that Cause Allergic Contact Dermatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Doumit ◽  
Melanie Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Patch Tests ◽  
The North ◽  
Allergic Contact

Background: Patch testing is routinely used in contact dermatitis clinics because it is the gold standard for the evaluation of potential allergic contact dermatitis. Objective: The study was undertaken to evaluate possible differences in reactivity between the Finn Chamber and IQ-Ultra patch-testing methodologies. Methods: Patients were patch-tested simultaneously with the Finn Chamber and IQ-Ultra patch tests. Ten standard allergens set by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group were used for both techniques. Results: Both patch tests had a significant agreement in detecting all of the allergens. An “almost perfect agreement” was noted for ethylenediamine dihydrochloride, quaternium-15, mercapto mix, black rubber mix, balsam of Peru, and nickel sulfate; “substantial agreement” for formaldehyde, bisphenol A epoxy resin, and 4-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin; and “moderate agreement” for potassium dichromate. Conclusion: The Finn Chamber and IQ-Ultra patch tests had a good agreement in the detection of the 10 standard allergens that were tested.

Patch testing in allergic contact dermatitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Keir ◽  
J English ◽  
N Fergie
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Topical Medication ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Screening Device

AbstractA deterioration in chronic inflammatory ear disease despite topical medication, or failure of the condition to improve with such treatment, should raise the possibility of allergic contact dermatitis. Allergen testing (patch testing) is the ‘gold standard’ method of identifying an agent causing allergic contact dermatitis.We describe an ENT patch test series applied by our department as a screening device for this condition.

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