Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Cervical Collar

Cervical collars are routinely applied in neurosurgical units following trauma or cervical spine operations. We describe a case of florid allergic contact dermatitis that developed as a complication following collar application in a postoperative patient.

Preventive Management for Occupational Diseases in Battery Industry

Abstract—Occupational disease are important topic since they often occur in a long period of time. The purpose of this article is to find out how to prevent occupational diseases in the battery industry. This research is a systematic review of articles obtained through manual search engines from Google Scholars, Proquest, PubMed, Research Gate and has been published nationally and internationally in 2015-2020. The results of a systematic review were obtained from 30 scientific articles that were published nationally and internationally in 2015-2020 related to the battery industry process and related to occupational diseases. The factors contributing are varies from enviromental, biological, ergonomic, and the workers itself. There are several preventive management that can be done according to the analysis of the possible diseases that can be occured. Workers in the battery industry can experience occupational diseases, including: allergic contact dermatitis, bacterial conjunctivitis, noise-induced hearing loss, Low Back Pain and Carpal tunnel syndrome. Some prevention efforts that can be done include: using personal protective equipment, detecting workers who have a history of DKA, maintaining hygiene and cleanliness of the work environment, using furniture that is in accordance with ergonomic standards and not lifting heavy loads, reducing repetitive pressing movements and doing regular exercise. Keywords: preventive, allergic contact dermatitis, conjungtivitis, nihl, lbp, cts, battery industry Abstrak—Penyakit akibat kerja menjadi perhatian penting karena muncul dalam jangka waktu panjang sehingga harus dilakukan upaya pencegahan penyakit. Penelitian ini merupakan review sistematik artikel yang diperoleh melalui melalui mesin pencari manual dari Google Scholars, Proquest, PubMed, Research Gate dan telah terpublikasi nasional maupun internasional pada tahun 2015-2020. Hasil review sistematik diperoleh dari 30 artikel ilmiah yang telah terpublikasi nasional maupun internasional pada tahun 2015-2020 yang terkait dengan proses industry baterai dan terkait dengan penyakit akibat kerja. Faktor penyebabnya juga berbagai macam karena faktor lingkungan, biologi, ergonomi, ataupun dari faktor pekerja. terdapat beberapa upaya preventif yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kemungkinan penyakit akibat kerja yang mungkin akan timbul. Pekerja di industri baterai dapat mengalami penyakit akibat kerja, antara lain: dermatitis kontak alergi, konjungtivitis bakteri, gangguan pendengaran akibat kebisingan, Low Back Pain dan Carpal tunnel syndrome. Beberapa upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan antara lain: menggunakan alat pelindung diri, mendeteksi pekerja yang memiliki riwayat DKA, menjaga kebersihan dan kebersihan lingkungan kerja, menggunakan furnitur yang sesuai dengan standar ergonomis dan tidak mengangkat beban berat, mengurangi penekanan berulang. gerakan dan melakukan olahraga teratur. Kata Kunci: preventif, dermatitis kontak alergi (dka), konjungtivitis, nihl, lbp, cts, industri baterai

Skin lesions associated with personal protective equipment in medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Aim. Analysis of the incidence of personal protective equipment (PPE)-associated dermatoses among medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods. Screening of the papers indexed by PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, eLibrary, and UpToDate databases, written in English and published from January 1, 2020 to October, 2021. The search keywords were: "medical workers", "skin", "dermatoses", "professional", and "personal protective equipment" in combination with "COVID-19" and "SARS-CoV-2".Results. Occupational contact dermatitis is responsible for 20% of all cases of contact dermatitis which accounts for 90% of all skin disease cases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, from 42.8% to 97.0% of medical workers reported about skin lesions provoked by prolonged wearing of PPE in combination with regular disinfection. About 61.7% of them noted the deterioration of a pre-existing skin disease, and 90.5% reported the appearance of new skin lesion symptoms associated with the PPE usage. The most common symptoms of skin lesions among medical workers were dryness, itching, burning, soreness, and skin rash. Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, acne, rosacea, and seborrheic dermatitis were the most prevalent skin disorders among the interviewed medical workers. Risk factors for the development of PPE-associated dermatoses were the type and material of PPE, the duration of PPE wearing, and past medical history of skin diseases. Due to the increased incidence of PPE-associated dermatoses among the medical staff, some countries have developed recommendations on the prevention and treatment of undesirable PPE-associated skin reactions in medical professionals. Current research are focused on developing special tools and devices that would serve as a protective barrier between the skin and PPE, ameliorating the damaging effect of the latter.Conclusion. PPE-associated dermatoses are currently widespread among the medical workers, highlighting the need in novel materials for PPE manufacturing to minimise the risk of developing PPE-associated skin lesions.

Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) in commercially available Henna preparations in Bangladesh

In Bangladesh Henna is one of the most popular cosmetic products. The leaves of Henna are dried to make powder on which oil or water is mixed to get a paste to stain the body or hair. Although the occurance of contact allergic dermatitis in natural Henna is not so common, but this risk is increased by adding para-Phenylenediamine (PPD), which is used to make the Henna color dark to deep black. According to Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP), para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is treated as an allergen and is considered as a very strong potential skin sensitizer. The presence of PPD in the commercially used tube Henna increases the risk of allergic contact dermatitis and several cases have already been reported worldwide. For this study, about 10 Henna samples were randomly collected from 10 selected areas of Dhaka city. The presence of PPD in Henna samples was determined by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed the presence of PPD in all of the Henna samples at substantial concentrations, ranging between 79.12-204.77 mg/kg where the average range is 142.36 mg/kg, which is much higher than the permissible levels (<2% or 0.1 mg/m3). The finding suggests that there should be a regulation and monitoring condition for the production and distribution of these adulterated Henna products in Bangladesh. Bioresearch Commu. 8(1): 1088-1092, 2022 (January)

METAL-INDUCED PROTEIN DENATURATION: REGULARITIES, PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS, AND IN VITRO MODELING

the ability of various metal ions to form complexes with proteins leads to the denaturation of the latter and the development of immune response. Such hapten effects cause the well-known phenomenon of nickel-allergic contact dermatitis. No less typical are side effects of gadolinium compounds, that are used as contrasts for magnetic resonance imaging, but cause the development of fibrosis. In both cases an important role belongs to the interaction of metal ions with collagen structures. The aim of our study was to compare in vitro effects of copper and nickel ions on destabilized products of collagen cleavage. Significant difference between these metals in their ability to induce aggregation at close to physiological pH values was shown. The influence on the aggregative process of the acidification of the medium was revealed. It was shown that destabilization of protein structure leads to the formation of highly stabilized β-stacked protein aggregates. Comparison of the obtained experimental data with the literature ones makes it possible to approach the understanding of individual mechanisms of toxic effects of metal ions on the human body.