A retrospective clinicopathological study of cases of perforating dermatoses in a tertiary care centre

Background: Perforating deramtoses is a group of diseases characterized by extrusion of dermal materials such as inflammatory cells or extracellular substances through the epidermis. They can be classified as primary and secondary perforating dermatoses. This study was done to assess the prevalence and associated systemic diseases of perforating dermatoses in our setting.Methods: This is a retrospective study done by reviewing the hospital records of patients who attended the skin OPD, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai Medical College, Madurai during the period June 2008 to June 2010. All patients diagnosed clinically as perforating dermatoses and supported by histopathological examination were included.Results: Kyrle’s disease (54%) was the commonest type, followed by reactive perforating collagenosis (43%) and perforating calcific elastosis (3%). About 53% of the patients presented as hyperkeratotic papules and 43% as hyperkeratotic, plugged, umbilicated papules and plaques. Erythematous papules arranged in annular and serpiginous pattern in the periphery of the central atrophic plaques were noted in 1 patient (3%). Lower extremities (73%) were the most commonly involved site. (67%) patients had at least one systemic disease and commonest association was diabetes mellitus (53%), chronic renal failure (36%), hypothyroidism (3%).Conclusions: Perforating dermatoses is a uncommon dermatological condition characterized by Trans Epidermal Elimination of dermal substances. Since it has a strong association with systemic diseases screening for systemic diseases is required for all cases.

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

10.36106/ijsr/9403958 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-34

Author(s):

Anita Sanker ◽

G Nandakumar ◽

Swapna Balkrishnan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Epithelioid Cells ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Epidermal Atrophy ◽

Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

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Histomorphological spectrum of intracranial space occupying lesions: Experience at tertiary care centre

Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology ◽

10.18231/j.ijpo.2021.100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 485-491

Author(s):

Saroj A Meshram ◽

Devika S Kinkhede ◽

Sanjay N Parate ◽

Dinkar T Kumbhalkar ◽

Shilpa P Tathe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Venous Malformation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Centre Hospital ◽

Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

An “Intra-cranial space occupying lesion” (ICSOL) is defined as a mass in the cranial cavity with a diverse etiology like benign or malignant neoplasm, inflammatory or parasitic lesion, haematoma or arterio-venous malformation. The aim was to study the histomorphological spectrum of intracranial space occupying lesions at a tertiary care centre hospital in order to give accurate pretherapeutic diagnosis to facilitate better therapeutic results. This prospective and descriptive type of study of two years duration was carried out from November 2017 to October 2019 in Govt. Medical College and Superspeciality Hospital, Nagpur in the Department of Pathology. A total of 300 samples were received from Department of Neurosurgery. Detailed collection of clinical data was done in all patients regarding age, sex, clinical symptoms and radiological findings.The samples were received in 10% formalin and subjected to routine histopathological processing. Slides prepared were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stains were done wherever required. Total 300 cases were studied of which 261 cases (87%) were neoplastic in nature and 39 cases (13%) were non neoplastic. Amongst primary tumours, most common were gliomas (48%) followed by meningiomas (20%) and schwannomas (9%). ICSOLs can present with nonspecific clinical features. Radio diagnostic investigations are helpful adjunct tools but cannot give exact diagnosis. Histopathological examination remains a gold standard for diagnosing and grading of tumours on which basis clinician can decide further line of management.

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A prospective observational study on the effectiveness of risk of malignancy index score (RMI 3) in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i5.29548 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 54-60

Author(s):

Apurba Mandal ◽

Shibram Chattopadhyay ◽

Sushanta Mondal ◽

Arunava Biswas

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Adnexal Mass ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽

Risk Of Malignancy ◽

Malignant Lesions

Background: Adnexal mass is a common presentation in today’s gynecological practice. The incidence of ovarian cancer is increasing day by day and diagnosis is often difficult to be made pre operatively with inadequate surgical exploration is a regular occurrence. Aims and Objectives: To assess and validate the importance of RMI-3 score as pre-operative diagnostic tool of differentiating benign from malignant adnexal mass for starting first line therapy of ovarian cancer and to find out the incidences of ovarian malignancy among study population. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics on (n=115) patients attending GOPD and indoor with adnexal mass fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria using purposive sampling technique. All the selected cases underwent ultrasonography and serum CA- 125 level estimation necessary for calculating RMI score. A score of >200 was taken as suggestive of malignancy and confirmatory diagnosis was performed by histopathological examination obtained from staging laparotomy of adnexal mass. The individual scores were then correlated with final outcomes with statistical analyses. Results: The study revealed benign ovarian tumors are more under 50 years (78.46%) and patients with normal BMI are diagnosed with maximum of malignancy (n = 28). History of tubal ligation carried less risk of malignancy (p<0.0001). Histologically malignant tumors found mostly in 71.4% postmenopausal group whereas 94.1% benign pathology were present in perimenopausal group and there is no association found between parity and histopathology (p=0.058). Bilateral (p=0.013), multilocular (p=0.000) tumors with solid areas (p<0.0001) and thick papillary projections (p<0.0001) had statistically significant association with malignant lesions. RMI score (>200) had more efficacy than serum CA-125 level (>46) in differentiating malignant lesions from benign one in terms of specificity (96% vs 83.87%) and positive predictive value (95% vs 79.17%). Conclusions: RMI-3 score is a simple, reliable and effective tool in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses thereby help in quick referral and management of cases with increase chances of survival of the patients.

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Peripartum hysterectomy: a five year review at a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173490 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3590

Author(s):

Deepak A. V. ◽

K. J. Jacob ◽

Sumi P. Maria

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

College Hospital ◽

Peripartum Hysterectomy ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetric Haemorrhage ◽

Suboptimal Care

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is a life-saving procedure resorted to when conservative measures fail to control obstetric haemorrhage. Several predisposing factors, suboptimal care and lack of infrastructure may lead to this emergency procedure. We wanted to find out factors associated with peripartum hysterectomy and the adverse maternal outcomes at our centre.Methods: A retrospective case series analysis of 40 cases of peripartum hysterectomy performed over a period of 5 years from January 2010 to December 2014 at Government Medical College Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala was done.Results: The incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 0.29%. The most common indication for peripartum hysterectomy was hysterectomy was uterine atony (50%). Thirty-five women (88%) were between 20 and 35 years. Most of the subjects were unbooked. There were two maternal deaths (case fatality rate of 5%) following peripartum hysterectomy during this period. All the subjects required blood transfusion.Conclusions: Prompt performance hysterectomy before the patient’s clinical condition deteriorates is the key to success. The incidence of adherent placenta is increasing, so every effort should be taken to reduce the caesarean section rates globally.

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A STUDY OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOSPADIAS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE AT KANPUR, INDIA

10.36106/ijar/2102597 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 65-66

Author(s):

R. K. Maurya ◽

Shraddha Verma ◽

R. K. Tripathi ◽

Amit Yadav

Keyword(s):

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Undescended Testis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Centre ◽

Common Site ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Treatment History ◽

Congenital Hernia ◽

Distal Hypospadias

Background: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly in which the anterior urethra is incompletely developed and does not extend to the tip of the glans penis. The present study was aimed to study the clinical prole of hypospadias. Settings and Design:This was a prospective, observational study. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, LLR & Associated Hospitals, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India, from January 2019 to October 2020, on 72 patients of hypospadias, after taking clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee, and taking proper informed consent for participation. Data collected for each patient included age, sex, demography, symptoms with duration, and relevant past and treatment history. Results: The most common age of presentation was between 1-5years of age (48.61%, n=35). Distal hypospadias (DH) was the most common site. (47.22%, n=34). 4.16% (n=3) patients presented with urethrocutaneous stula. Chordee was more commonly seen in patients with mid & proximal penile hypospadias (64.70%, n=33). In the present study, 4.1% (n=3) had associated undescended testis, 4.1% (n=3) had an associated bid scrotum and 1.3% (n=1) had an associated congenital hernia. Conclusions: Most cases of hypospadias present before 10 years of age. Distal hypospadias is the most common type. Chordee is associated most commonly with proximal penile and mid penile hypospadias. It may also be associated with other congenital anomalies like, undescended testis, bid scrotum or congenital hernias

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Histopathological Study of Lesions of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx in a Tertiary Care Centre, Visakhapatnam over a Period of 2 Years

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/557 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (33) ◽

pp. 3054-3059

Author(s):

Rajendra Prasad Jagannadham ◽

Lakshmi Latchupatula ◽

Sravani Ponnada ◽

Neelima Lalam ◽

Raghunadhababu Gudipudi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasal Cavity ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Predominance

BACKGROUND A variety of non - neoplastic and neoplastic conditions involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx and these are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Histopathological examination of these lesions is the gold standard for diagnosis because management and prognosis vary among different lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological study of the lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in relation to their incidence, age, gender and site wise distribution and to compare the results with the available data. METHODS A study of 88 cases was conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. After fixation, Processing and Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS Among 88 total cases, 58 were males and 30 were females. A male predominance was observed with a male to female ratio of 1.93 : 1. They were more common in third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Malignant nasal lesions were seen after fourth decade of life. Nasal lesions were more common in nasal cavity (67.05 %), followed by paranasal sinuses (18.18 %) and nasopharynx (14.75). Out of 88 total cases, 39 (44.32 %) were non - neoplastic, 30 (34.09 %) were benign and 19 (21.59 %) were malignant nasal lesions. CONCLUSIONS Sinonasal lesions and nasopharyngeal lesions can have various differential diagnoses. A complete clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation helps to categorize these sinonasal lesions into various non - neoplastic and neoplastic types. But histopathological examination remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasopharynx, Benign Tumours, Malignant Tumours, Histopathological Examination

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Clinico-Pathological Study of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in a Tertiary Care Centre of Western Region of Nepal

Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jucms.v7i1.24677 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Sushila Patel ◽

Binita Bhattarai Pokharel ◽

Anita Shah ◽

Manita Sunam Goda ◽

Saraswati Khadka Thapa

Keyword(s):

Ocular Surface ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Western Region ◽

Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Care Centre ◽

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Wide Range

INTRODUCTION: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) consists of a wide range of conjunctival and corneal lesions ranging from dysplastic lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. In recent times, the incidence of OSSN seems to be on the rise, especially in developing countries. The present study was aimed to analyse demographic pattern, clinical characteristics, and histopathology findings of OSSN in a tertiary care centre of western region of Nepal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study. We analyzed 94 cases of OSSN who presented to cornea department of Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairahawa, Nepal over a period 1.5 years from 1st July 2017 to 31st December 2018. All the patients with OSSN, detailed clinical history and examination were recorded. Lesions were excised with a 3 mm margin clearance and sent for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Mean age of our patients with OSSN was 48.89±17.955 years ranging from 17 to 85 years. There were 52 (55.32%) male and 42 (44.68%) female. Mean duration of presentation was 6.34±6.17 months. A solitary nodule at the limbus was the commonest presentation. Right eyes were involved more than left eyes. Lesions were found most commonly on temporal site 52 (55.32%) followed by nasal 36 (38.30%). On histopathological examination benign lesions were found in 31 (32.98%) eyes, preinvasive lesion in 50 (53.19%) eyes and invasive lesions in 13 (13.83%) eyes. CONCLUSION: OSSN were seen more commonly in young adults with male predominance. Benign and pre invasive lesions are found more commonly than invasive lesions.

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Clinical and Etiological Profile of Mycotic Keratitis from a Tertiary Care Centre in South India

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (27) ◽

pp. 2001-2006

Author(s):

John Britto Augustin ◽

Sureshbaboo Variamkandi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Corneal Ulcer ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Government Medical College ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Corneal Ulcers ◽

Prompt Treatment

BACKGROUND Corneal ulcer is the leading cause of ocular morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. To effectively prevent blindness in patients with corneal ulcer, a proper understanding of the risk factors predisposing to ulceration, its clinical and microbiological characteristics are essential. Timely identification of aetiological agents causing corneal ulcers and their prompt treatment helps to save the vision. We wanted to detect aetiological agents of corneal ulcer with special references to fungal causes and characterize the fungal aetiological agents to species level. METHODS This is a cross sectional study, conducted in Government Medical college, Kozhikode, between January 2016 and June 2017. All patients who were clinically diagnosed as cases of infectious corneal ulcer in the Ophthalmology department, Government Medical College, Kozhikode were included in the study. Corneal scrapings collected from the infected eye were subjected to microbiological examination and culture. A total of 120 cases were analysed. Each patient was examined with the slit lamp bio microscope after staining with fluorescein. Scrapings from cornea at the site of corneal ulcer were collected by ophthalmologist after a detailed clinical history and examination of the affected eye. The laboratory procedures used in the diagnosis of infectious keratitis were based on direct visualization of organisms by subjecting corneal scrapings to Gram stain and KOH wet mount and inoculation of material on to blood agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. RESULTS Among the 120 cases, a total of 49 cases were culture positive. Twenty-one [17.5 %] were bacterial, twenty-two [18.34 %] were fungal and six [5.0 %] were poly microbial [bacteria and fungus]. Among the fungal aetiology, fusarium species was most common [32.14 %], followed by aspergillus species - 25.0 %. Trauma was the major risk factor. Diabetes mellitus, exposure keratitis were the other comorbidities / risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows majority of infected corneal ulcers are associated with risk factors and the aetiology are mainly fungi. Microscopy, culture, and clinical correlation helped in adequate management. Thus, prognosis and outcome of corneal ulcers rely on timely identification of their aetiology and prompt treatment. KEY WORDS Corneal ulcer, Fungal Keratitis

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Comparative assessment of fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy with singleton pregnancy at tertiary care centre

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172319 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2395

Author(s):

Divya Gupta ◽

Premlata Mital ◽

Bhanwar Singh Meena ◽

Devendra Benwal ◽

. Saumya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Twin Pregnancy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Comparative Assessment ◽

P Value ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Twin Pregnancies

Background: Multiple pregnancy remains one of the highest risk situations for the mother, foetus and neonate despite recent advances in obstetrics, perinatal and neonatal care. Twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications compared to singletons Objective of present study was comparative assessment of fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy with singleton pregnancy in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur.Methods: This was a hospital based, prospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur from April 2015 to March 2016. 150 women with twin pregnancy and 150 women with singleton pregnancies at gestation age of 28 weeks and above coming for delivery and consented for the study were included in the study. Women with chronic medical disorder or chronic hypertension were excluded from the study. Maternal and neonatal outcome recorded and analysed.Results: Occurrence of twin in our study was 2.82%. Risk of preterm labour was about nine times higher in twin pregnancies than the singleton (OR: 2.74, 95% CI; 1.4494-5.1884, P value 0.001). The risk of premature rupture of membrane was increased by 2.74 times in twin pregnancies (OR:2.74; 95% CI: 1.4494-5.1884, p value .001). There was 3-time increased risk of malpresentation (OR 3.14; CI:1.7184-5.7480, p value .00002) and 2.28 times increase in hypertensive disorder (OR 2.28; 95% CI: 1.0727-4.8823, p value .03) in twin pregnancies. The risk of asphyxia and septicaemia was 2.5 times more in twins.Conclusions: Twin pregnancy is a high-risk pregnancy with more complications in mother and foetus and is a great challenge for obstetrician. So, it should be managed carefully at tertiary care centre to reduce the maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.

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