scholarly journals Deciphering the impact of genetic variation of the TLR9 gene in cervical cancer pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-397
Author(s):  
Saswati Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Tlr9 Gene ◽  
The Impact

Identification of genetic variation in the lncRNA HOTAIR associated with HPV16-related cervical cancer pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Sharma Saha ◽  
Rahul Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Nidhu Ranjan Mondal ◽  
Biman Chakravarty ◽  
Tanmay Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Lncrna Hotair

scholarly journals Liver Immune Microenvironment and Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer-Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2418
Author(s):  
Xuezhen Zeng ◽  
Simon E. Ward ◽  
Jingying Zhou ◽  
Alfred S. L. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Premetastatic Niche ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact

A drastic difference exists between the 5-year survival rates of colorectal cancer patients with localized cancer and distal organ metastasis. The liver is the most favorable organ for cancer metastases from the colorectum. Beyond the liver-colon anatomic relationship, emerging evidence highlights the impact of liver immune microenvironment on colorectal liver metastasis. Prior to cancer cell dissemination, hepatocytes secrete multiple factors to recruit or activate immune cells and stromal cells in the liver to form a favorable premetastatic niche. The liver-resident cells including Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and liver-sinusoidal endothelial cells are co-opted by the recruited cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages, to establish an immunosuppressive liver microenvironment suitable for tumor cell colonization and outgrowth. Current treatments including radical surgery, systemic therapy, and localized therapy have only achieved good clinical outcomes in a minority of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis, which is further hampered by high recurrence rate. Better understanding of the mechanisms governing the metastasis-prone liver immune microenvironment should open new immuno-oncology avenues for liver metastasis intervention.

scholarly journals Recovery strategies following COVID-19 disruption to cervical cancer screening and their impact on excess diagnoses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Castanon ◽  
Matejka Rebolj ◽  
Francesca Pesola ◽  
Peter Sasieni
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Screening Interval ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cervical cancer screening services. Assuming increases to screening capacity are unrealistic, we propose two recovery strategies: one extends the screening interval by 6 months for all and the other extends the interval by 36/60 months, but only for women who have already missed being screened. Methods Using routine statistics from England we estimate the number of women affected by delays to screening. We used published research to estimate the proportion of screening age women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and progression rates to cancer. Under two recovery scenarios, we estimate the impact of COVID-19 on cervical cancer over one screening cycle (3 years at ages 25–49 and 5 years at ages 50–64 years). The duration of disruption in both scenarios is 6 months. In the first scenario, 10.7 million women have their screening interval extended by 6 months. In the second, 1.5 million women (those due to be screened during the disruption) miss one screening cycle, but most women have no delay. Results Both scenarios result in similar numbers of excess cervical cancers: 630 vs. 632 (both 4.3 per 100,000 women in the population). However, the scenario in which some women miss one screening cycle creates inequalities—they would have much higher rates of excess cancer: 41.5 per 100,000 delayed for screened women compared to those with a 6-month delay (5.9 per 100,000). Conclusion To ensure equity for those affected by COVID-19 related screening delays additional screening capacity will need to be paired with prioritising the screening of overdue women.

scholarly journals Impacts of Environmental Factors on Head and Neck Cancer Pathogenesis and Progression

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Marisol Miranda-Galvis ◽  
Reid Loveless ◽  
Luiz Paulo Kowalski ◽  
Yong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
The Impact

Epidemiological and clinical studies over the past two decades have provided strong evidence that genetic elements interacting with environmental components can individually and collectively influence one’s susceptibility to cancer. In addition to tumorigenic properties, numerous environmental factors, such as nutrition, chemical carcinogens, and tobacco/alcohol consumption, possess pro-invasive and pro-metastatic cancer features. In contrast to traditional cancer treatment, modern therapeutics not only take into account an individual’s genetic makeup but also consider gene–environment interactions. The current review sharpens the focus by elaborating on the impact that environmental factors have on the pathogenesis and progression of head and neck cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives in this area of research are also discussed. Inhibiting key environmental drivers of tumor progression should yield survival benefits for patients at any stage of head and neck cancer.

How to reduce the impact of cervical cancer worldwide: Gaps and priority areas identified through the essential cancer and primary care packages: An analysis of effective interventions

Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (21) ◽  
pp. 4697-4705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Gatti ◽  
Rei Haruyama ◽  
Laurie Elit ◽  
Scott C. Howard ◽  
Catherine G. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Impact

The impact of founder events and introductions on genetic variation in the muskox Ovibos moschatus in Sweden

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl-Gustaf Thulin ◽  
Linda Englund ◽  
Göran Ericsson ◽  
Göran Spong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Ovibos Moschatus ◽  
Founder Events ◽  
The Impact

Evaluation of a Narrative Video to Promote Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer Among Latinas

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110389
Author(s):  
Jessica Calderón-Mora ◽  
Adam Alomari ◽  
Theresa L. Byrd ◽  
Navkiran K. Shokar
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Efficacy Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate the impact of an online-delivered, theory-based narrative video on cervical cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a predominantly Latino community. Methods The study design was a nonrandomized pretest–posttest evaluation. The eligibility criteria included men and women 18 years or older not previously enrolled in our community cervical cancer screening program who had internet access. Participants were recruited via in-person county-wide flyer distribution and social media dissemination. The intervention involved a narrative video designed for Latinas delivered via the internet. The 17-minute video is novella style, with a culturally tailored storyline and setting that covers cervical cancer risk factors and statistics, importance of screening, and addresses testing barriers. The measures were knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, subjective norms, and self-efficacy. Analysis was performed using change scores for knowledge and psychosocial variables and descriptive statistics for satisfaction and acceptability of the video. Results Data from 227 surveys were analyzed; respondent mean age: 37.6 years; 98.8% female, 88.8% Hispanic; 42.0% had an annual income of $20,000 or less; and 85.2% had at least a high school education. Knowledge and all psychosocial variables improved significantly. More than 90% of the participants rated all of the satisfaction items as good or excellent. Conclusions and Implications for Practice A culturally appropriate narrative video about cervical cancer and screening disseminated online effectively improved knowledge and psychosocial variables among Latinas. Our findings indicate that health promotion interventions online could be effective for improving desired health behavior through a new means of educational dissemination by way of websites and social media outlets.

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