Study of Luminescence in Noble Gases and Binary Kr-Xe Mixture Excited by the Products of 6Li(n,α)T Nuclear Reaction

At the present time the direct nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation is realized in gas media in which filling of energy levels takes place in the low-temperature plasma (nuclear-excited plasma) induced by ionizing radiation. The research of optical radiation of the nuclear-excited plasma induced by products of nuclear reactions is interest for development of an alternative outlet method of energy from the nuclear reactor, creation of control and regulating bodies for parameters of nuclear reactors as well as creation of one of diagnostics of high-temperature plasma in fusion reactors. The purpose of this work was to obtain new experimental data about processes of nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation with the optimal gas media having high coefficient of nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation and also with a possibility of outlet method of energy from the nuclear reactor core. In this article, description of the reactor experimental bench (LIANA) and the experiment scheme, the irradiating ampoule device (AD) with surface source of charged particles is provided, and the procedure of reactor experiment is presented. This paper presents the results of the reactor experiments of studying the spectral-luminescent characteristics of unary noble gases (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) and binary Kr-Xe gas mixture in a 200–975 nm spectral range with ionization gaseous media by products of 6Li(n,α)T nuclear reaction under irradiation at research water-cooled heterogeneous reactor (the IVG.1M).

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Emission of Noble Gases Binary Mixtures under Excitation by the Products of the 6Li (n, α)3 H Nuclear Reaction

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations ◽

10.1155/2020/8891891 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Kuanysh Samarkhanov ◽

Mendykhan Khasenov ◽

Erlan Batyrbekov ◽

Inesh Kenzhina ◽

Yerzhan Sapatayev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Nuclear Energy ◽

Alkali Metals ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Noble Gases ◽

Noble Gas ◽

Direct Conversion ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Gas Molecules ◽

Sodium And Potassium

The luminescence of Kr-Xe, Ar-Kr, and Ar-Xe mixtures was studied in the spectral range 300–970 nm when excited by 6Li (n, α)3 H nuclear reaction products in the core of a nuclear reactor. Lithium was deposited on walls of experimental cell in the form of a capillary-porous structure, which made it possible to measure up to a temperature of 730 K. The temperature dependence of the radiation intensity of noble gas atoms, alkali metals, and heteronuclear ionic noble gas molecules was studied. Also, as in the case of single-component gases, the appearance of lithium lines and impurities of sodium and potassium is associated with vaporization during the release of nuclear reaction products from the lithium layer. The excitation of lithium atoms occurs mainly as a result of the Penning process of lithium atoms on noble gas atoms in the 1s states and subsequent ion-molecular reactions. Simultaneous radiation at transitions of atoms of noble gases and lithium, heteronuclear ion molecules of noble gases allows us to increase the efficiency of direct conversion of nuclear energy into light.

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Emission of noble gases and their mixtures with lithium excited by the products of the 6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034619000120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (01) ◽

pp. 18-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yu. N. Gordienko ◽

M. U. Khasenov ◽

E. G. Batyrbekov ◽

K. K. Samarkhanov ◽

Yu. V. Ponkratov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Noble Gases ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Emission Spectra ◽

Luminescence Spectra ◽

Buffer Gas ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Gas Chamber ◽

By Products

AbstractResearch results of luminescence spectra of noble gases and Ar–Xe, Ar–Kr, and Kr–Xe mixtures under the excitation by products of nuclear reaction in the core of a stationary nuclear reactor with 0.87 × 1014 n/cm2s thermal neutron flux are described in the article. The emission spectra of noble gases are similar to the obtained spectrum under the excitation by the 40Ar+7 ion beam from the DC-60 accelerator. Bands in spectra of the binary mixtures of noble gases are connected with the radiation on heteronuclear ion molecule transitions. The appearance of the lines of alkali metal atoms at the temperature increase of gas chamber is explained by sputtering of the lithium layer via nuclear reaction products as well as ionized and excited particles of the buffer gas.

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Pseudo-Capacitor Structure for Direct Nuclear Energy Conversion

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1100-jj04-14 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liviu Popa-Simil

Keyword(s):

Energy Conversion ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Nuclear Energy ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Nuclear Reactors ◽

Direct Conversion ◽

Space Applications ◽

Power Sources ◽

Conversion Efficiencies

AbstractThe advanced space missions need for more power opened the way for advanced nuclear reactors and for alternative power conversion procedures. The most advanced power systems available in space are the fuel cells and nuclear reactors. Both systems manifest low efficiencies for converting the primary energy into electricity and as consequence are requiring high heat dump into space mainly by infrared radiation. The thermo-nuclear power generator also requires a high temperature gas turbine and a mechano-electric generator, finally driving to low conversion efficiencies. The new nano-materials offer the possibility of creating direct energy conversion devices able of achieving high conversion efficiencies up to 99% in the cryogenic versions. The interest for direct conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity appeared in early 1940th, by the invention of the thermo-ionic fission device by Linder. Then a series of patents and scientific papers improved gradually the designs and performances of the devices, up to the actual concepts of beta-voltaic and liquid-electronics. The most intuitive direct conversion device looks mainly like a super mirror- or a heterogeneous super-capacitor. The issues on its operation are related to global conversion efficiencies and the stable operation life-time in high radiation field. There are combinations of nano-structures and actinides assuring both the neutron flux stability, by meeting criticality conditions and the direct conversion or the nuclear energy into electricity. Achieving a high efficiency internal conversion of the nuclear energy into electricity is not enough if it is not completed by a high efficiency power extraction system from the nuclear reactor core into the outside load. The development of the new MEMS devices and micro electronics in the 40 nm technologies provides an excellent background for the production of the electric power harvesting and conversion devices embedded in the fuel. The new nano-structured materials may be produced as radiation energy harvesting tiles that are free of actinides, using them for harvesting the energy of radioactive sources and controlled fusion devices, or may include actinides in their structure achieving critical or sub-critical accelerator driven nuclear reactor assemblies. Another predictable advantage of the nano-structure is the property of self-repairing and self-organizing to compensate the radiation damage and improve the lifetime. Due to direct conversion the power density of the new materials may increase from the actual average of 0.2 kw/cm3 to about 1 kw/mm3 driving to miniaturization of nuclear power sources and reductions of the shield weight. At these dimensions and power densities of few thousands horse power per liter the nuclear power source becomes suitable for mobile applications as powering trains, strategic airplanes, etc. These new developments may drive to the production of high power solid-state compact nuclear battery for space applications, leading to a new development stage.

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Optical Radiation from the Sputtered Species under Excitation of Ternary Mixtures of Noble Gases by the 6Li(n,α)3H Nuclear Reaction Products

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj1079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

K. Samarkhanov ◽

M. Khasenov ◽

E. Batyrbekov ◽

Yu. Gordienko ◽

Yu. Baklanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Energy ◽

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Alkali Metals ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Noble Gases ◽

Noble Gas ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Ternary Mixtures ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Energy Excitation

The present paper examines the luminescence of ternary Ar-Kr-Xe and Ne-Ar-Kr mixtures of noble gases in the spectral range from 300 to 970 nm, excited by the 6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction products in the core of a nuclear reactor. A thin layer of lithium applied on the walls of the experimental device, stabilized in the matrix of the capillary-porous structure, serves as a source of gas excitation. During in-pile tests, conducted at the IVG.1M research reactor, thermal neutrons interact via the 6Li(n,α)3H reaction, and the emergent alpha particles with a kinetic energy of 2.05 MeV and tritium ions with a kinetic energy of 2.73 MeV excite gaseous medium. The study was carried out in a wide temperature range. The temperature dependence of the intensity of the emission of the atoms of noble gases and alkali metals, heteronuclear ionic molecules of noble gases were studied. The obtained values of the activation energy of the emission process 1.58 eV for lithium and 0.72 eV for potassium agree well with the known values of evaporation energy. Excitation of alkali metals atoms occurs consequently of the Penning process of alkali metals atoms on noble gas atoms in the 1s-states and further ion-molecular reactions.

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Pumping of gas mixtures by the products of 6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction in the nuclear reactor core

2020 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO) ◽

10.1109/iclo48556.2020.9285612 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

K. Samarkhanov ◽

E. Batyrbekov ◽

M. Khasenov ◽

Yu. Gordienko ◽

Yu. Ponkratov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Gas Mixtures ◽

Nuclear Reactor Core

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Study of processes of nuclear reaction energy conversion into energy of optical radiation

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2017.04.034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 4589-4598 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu.N. Gordienko ◽

E.G. Batyrbekov ◽

M.U. Khasenov ◽

Zh.A. Zaurbekova ◽

Yu.V. Ponkratov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Conversion ◽

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Optical Radiation ◽

Reaction Energy

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Application of the collective model to determine some rotational bands of 239U nucleus

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v2i1.676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70

Author(s):

Nguyen An Son ◽

Le Viet Huy ◽

Pham Ngoc Son

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reaction ◽

Nuclear Structure ◽

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Germanium Detector ◽

Compton Suppression ◽

Collective Model ◽

Prompt Gamma ◽

Material Technology ◽

Rotational Bands

238U material is component in fuels of nuclear reactor core. Understanding properties and structure of 238U nucleus is necessary before simulating and designing nuclear reactor. Besides that, the study of nuclear reaction is necessary to identify the specific characteristics of nucleus, it is the most effective experimental method up to now. However, in order to explain the properties of nuclear structure, in addition to study of the nuclear reaction, nuclear structure models and its theory must be used. There are many nuclear structure models to solve those properties of nucleus. This paper presents application of the Collective Model to determine some rotational bands of 239U nucleus, using Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis method (PGNAA). Experiment is performed at channel No.2 of Dalat Research Reactor (DRR), using Filtered Thermal Neutron Beam and Compton Suppression Spectroscopy with High – Purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The results have found 11 rotational bands of 239U nucleus. This work is very necessary for the research of nuclear structure which controls material technology by itself.

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4442065 Retrofittable nuclear reactor core catcher

Annals of Nuclear Energy ◽

10.1016/0306-4549(85)90131-8 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. ii

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Core Catcher ◽

Nuclear Reactor Core

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Full Implicit Integrate Solution to the Coupled Neutronics/Thermal-Hydraulics Problems

Volume 3: Nuclear Safety and Security; Codes, Standards, Licensing and Regulatory Issues; Computational Fluid Dynamics and Coupled Codes ◽

10.1115/icone21-16159 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Han Zhang ◽

Fu Li

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Reactor ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Thermal Hydraulics ◽

Field Equations ◽

Krylov Method ◽

Tightly Coupled ◽

Physical Insight ◽

Second Order Convergence ◽

The Individual ◽

Integrate Solution

The traditional solution of the coupled neutronics/ thermal-hydraulics problems has typically been performed by solving the individual field separately and then transferring information between each other. In this paper, full implicit integrate solution to the coupled neutronics/ thermal-hydraulic problem is investigated. There are two advantages compared with the traditional method, which are high temporal accuracy and stability. The five equations of single-phase flow, the solid heat conduction and the neutronics are employed as a simplified model of a nuclear reactor core. All these field equations are solved together in a tightly coupled, nonlinear fashion. Firstly, Newton-based method is employed to solve nonlinear systems due to its local second-order convergence rate. And then the Krylov iterative method is used to solve the linear systems which are from the Newton linearization. The two procedures above are the so-called Newton-Krylov method. Furthermore, in order to improve the performance of the Krylov method, physics-based preconditioner is employed, which is constructed by the physical insight. Finally, several Newton-Krylov solution approaches are carried out to compare the performance of the coupled neutronics / thermal-hydraulic equations.

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