Application of the method of spectral analysis of crankcase oil to determine the rational modes of start-up and warm-up of engines of forest machines

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
M.A. Rassokhin ◽  
◽  
V.N. Saschenko ◽  
A.G. Pushkarev ◽  
K.V. Pastukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Crankcase Oil

scholarly journals Simulations of a flexible 100 kWel PEM Fuel Cell power plant for the provision of grid balancing services

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Elena Crespi ◽  
Giulio Guandalini ◽  
Stefano Campanari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Flexible Resources

The continuous growth of non-programmable renewable energy resources penetration leads to unpredictable oscillations of the net load faced by dispatchable power plants, hindering the reliability and stability of the electric grid and requiring additional flexible resources. The EU project GRASSHOPPER focuses on MW-scale Fuel Cell Power Plant (FCPP) based on low temperature PEM technology. The project aims to setup and demonstrate a 100 kWel PEM FCPP, flexible in power output and designed to provide grid support. This work presents a dynamic simulation model of the FCPP, developed to simulate plant flexible operation and identify the best management strategy, aiming at optimizing the efficiency while reducing the degradation rate. Cold start up simulations, according to a warm-up procedure limiting stack degradation, result in a time to operation equal to 26 minutes. A sensitivity analysis is performed to determine which parameters mostly influence the warm-up duration, showing that it is possible to reduce start-up time substantially (e.g. down to 3 minutes with component preheating). On the other hand, simulations at variable load along the entire range of operation (20-100 kWel), according to grid balancing requirements, show that the plant is able to ramp up and down between the minimum to the maximum load in about 40 seconds.

Influence of Type of Material on Performance of Hydraulic Components in Thermal Shock Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Jasiński
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
Machine Safety ◽  
Selection Of

During the start-up of a hydraulic system in low ambient temperatures an incorrect operation may occur. The principles and conditions of safely operating hydraulic driven machines and devices are essential to designers and operators. For this reason the author of this article has conducted a series of tests on hydraulic components and systems in thermal shock conditions (cooled-down components were supplied with hot working medium). In such conditions, the initial parameters of the hydraulic components and systems determine their correct operation. During the start-up of a hydraulic system in thermal shock conditions, elements of hydraulic components warm up in a non-uniform way, due to various material properties and shapes of parts. Differences in clearances between elements and may lead to the faulty performance of hydraulic components and machine break-down. The selection of appropriate materials for various hydraulic component parts should increase machine safety during start-up in thermal shock conditions.

Dynamic Analysis of a Recuperated mGT Cycle for Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Larosa ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Transient Behaviour ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Start Up

This work presents the dynamic behaviour of a new recuperated micro gas turbine (mGT) coupled with a large volume. Such system, called “emulator”, has been purposely designed for the future upgrade into a fuel cell mGT hybrid system. The tests, carried out by LG Fuel Cell Systems (LGFCS), aimed both at understanding the dynamic behaviour of the system and validating the dynamic simulation tool. Within the wide experimental campaign, a subset of data has been selected to identify the key transient phenomena and characterise the dynamic behaviour of the system: in this respect, the focus is on start-up, warm-up and shutdown phases. A dynamic model of the emulator was developed, based on the original software TRANSEO. The model was used to characterise the mGT performance and identify a performance gap in the expander. For this purpose, the machine was upgraded and substituted. Final results show that, after refinement of input data, the model is capable to predict accurately the overall system transient behaviour.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AIR HEATING AT THE INTAKE ON THE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF A TRANSPORT ENGINE WHEN RUNNING ON ALCOHOL-CONTAINING GASOLINE AT LOW TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Gutarevych Y ◽  
◽  
Shuba Y ◽  
Syrota A ◽  
Trifonov D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Start Up

The article discusses the issue associated with the influence of air heating at the intake on the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of an engine with a carburetor power system when using alcohol-containing gasoline with a bioethanol content of about 36%, in the cold start, warm-up and idle modes. The use of inlet air heating is one of the promising areas for the implementation of energy-efficient technologies in road transport. The object of experimental research is a ZAZ-1102 car with a MeMZ-245 gasoline engine with a carburetor power system. The purpose of the work is to determine the effect of air heating at the intake on the energy and environmental performance of a transport engine when operating on alcohol-containing gasoline at low temperatures. The research method is experimental. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of air preheating at the intake with TAPP when using alcohol-containing gasoline with a bioethanol content of about 36% allows for reliable start-up while reducing the engine start-up time; reduce engine warm-up time by 15.8%, total fuel consumption by 34.6%; CO concentration at the beginning of heating decreases by 30.8%, CmHn concentration decreases 4.8 times. 120 seconds after warming up, the CmHn concentration when the engine is running without heating is 730 ppm, and with heating it is 370 ppm. CO concentrations are reduced from 0.37% to 0.25%. To ensure the adaptation of existing engines with a carburetor fuel supply system to the use of alcohol-containing gasolines with a bioethanol content of more than 20%, it is recommended at low temperatures to ensure an intake air temperature within 40 ... 50 ° C, which generally leads to an increase in fuel efficiency. KEY WORDS: ENGINE WITH CARBURETTOR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM, ALCOHOL-CONTAINING GASOLINE, HEATED AIR AT THE INLET, LOW OPERATING TEMPERATURE, INCREASING ENGINE ENERGY EFFICIENCY.

Start-Up Effects in Policy Capturing: Stabilizing Regression Coefficients After Warm-Up

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinta S. Byrne ◽  
Janet M. Weidert ◽  
Joshua P. Liff ◽  
Christine L. Smith ◽  
Michael Horvath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Policy Capturing ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Start Up

Locomotive Idle and Start-Up Exhaust Emissions Testing

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Hedrick ◽  
Steven G. Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Engine Speed ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Idle Period ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Operational Cycle ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Locomotive Engine ◽  
Emissions Testing

The objective of this project was to quantify locomotive idle and start-up emissions, to answer the question: “At what point is it preferable from an emissions standpoint to idle a locomotive engine rather than shut down the engine and restart it when needed?” Idle and restart emissions tests were performed on two Tier 0 emission locomotives; a 1,120 kW EMD MP15-DC Switcher (UPY1378) and a 3,280 kW line-haul GE Dash9-44CW (BNSF4373). The results of the testing showed that continuous idling emissions of NOx and PM were greater than the start up emissions from the two test locomotives. The only exception was the 15-minute restart on the line haul locomotive BNSF4373, but this was envisioned to be due to a non-typical operational cycle of the GE AESS. The results of the extended idle tests showed that the older locomotive (UPY1378) operates at a relatively consistent idle emissions output through the four hours of extended idle. However, idle emissions from BNSF4373 varied over the idle period as the engine speed changes in response to on-board computer controls to accomplish engine warm-up and a series of other locomotive functions.

Rotor unbalance and broken rotor bar detection in inverter-fed induction motors at start-up and steady-state regimes by high-resolution spectral analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Romero-Troncoso ◽  
A. Garcia-Perez ◽  
D. Morinigo-Sotelo ◽  
O. Duque-Perez ◽  
R.A. Osornio-Rios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Steady State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Broken Rotor Bar ◽  
Start Up
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