SOCIAL AIUDIT OF EXPENDITURE ON THE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS DUE TO THE ARMED CONFLICT IN THE ESAT OF UKRAINE:  CURRENT NECESSITY

Abstract. The globalization of economic relations of the XXI century led to the realization that human resources are the driving force in the development of the stability of the state. A great number of internally displaced persons that appeared was a challenge for Ukraine because the establishment and protection of human rights and freedoms are the main responsibility of the state. This is why the need to form a system of social cost audit on the internally displaced persons due to the armed conflict in the east of Ukraine is a priority in order to optimize the ways of establishing social consensus by taking concerted actions to develop human resources. The strategic focus of the social audit is to become a crucial factor for implementing the main principles of social partnership in regulating social and labour relations and carrying out the strategy of the financial encouragement of internally displaced persons due to the armed conflict in the east of Ukraine. The problems and needs of internally displaced persons were discussed by many researchers. The issue of improving the system of the social audit was described in the works of A. Liubenko, V. Rysin, V. Pikhotskyi, M. Bukovynska, O. Hnatiuk, O. Ponomarenko, S. Sachenko, F. Fukuiama, etc. As the analysis of the studies conducted by scientists implies, the urgent matter emerging in the current realities was not outlined in their works. Little attention was given to improving the efficient analysis system of social risks of either enterprise or state by implementing the social audit. The study aims at examining the consistent patterns of allocation of funds of pilot projects total cost between the number of registered internally displaced persons and their families in Ukraine using the social audit as the foundation for carrying out the strategy of the financial encouragement of internally displaced persons while they are socializing in new areas. The study analyzed the funds allocated for the implementation of pilot projects aiming at the protection of human rights and legitimate interests violated by the armed conflict in the east of Ukraine and/or temporary occupation of the part of Ukraine. The study of the consistent patterns of allocation of funds of pilot projects total cost between the number of registered internally displaced persons and their families in Ukraine was carried out. It was revealed that increasing the number of registered persons does not influence the allocation of funds between them. It emphasizes the importance of examining the factors of these phenomena, which can be provided by the social audit of allocation of funds on a national scale. The need to carry out the social audit using participatory principle is stressed. Keywords: social audit, internally displaced persons, costs, communities, analysis, participatory principle, plan of the social audit. JEL Classification H55, H56, H57 Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 5; bibl.: 19.

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The Right to the Social Protection of Citizens in Conditions of the Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine: Legislative Challenges

10.31235/osf.io/7t6w3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Volodymyr Venher

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

Social Protection ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

National Legislation ◽

The Social ◽

Effective Remedy ◽

The Right

The article focuses on problematic issues of the implementation of the right to the social protection of persons who have suffered from an armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine. It presents a general analysis of the shortcomings of national legislation that limits the constitutional provisions for citizens of Ukraine to obtain the appropriate level of social protection. The article shows the problems of the status of internallydisplaced persons (IDPs), which should provide for them additional guarantees from the state, including social ones. However, the carried out research shows that this status often becomes a discriminatory factor that imposes disproportionate restrictions on individuals. The current legal regulation of social payments for internally displaced persons contains a number of rigid and rather complicated administrative procedures that significantly restrict, and in some cases even generally make it impossible to obtain social protection. The only effective remedy for the protection of an infringed right for pensions or other social benefits for internally displaced persons is an appeal to a court. The courts do not always carry out effective and prompt protection of the violated law. Despite positive examples of judicial practice, it can not always provide an adequate and well-timed level of social protection, which causes the need for the improvement of national legislation. VENHER, Volodymyr. The Right to the Social Protection of Citizens in Conditions of the Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine: Legislative Challenges. Kyiv-Mohyla Law and Politics Journal, n. 4, p. 99–118, 2018. ISSN 2414-9942. Available at: . doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/kmlpj153255.2018-4.99-118.

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The challenges of internally displaced persons and the way forward: the Nigerian experience

University of Cape Coast Law Journal ◽

10.47963/ucclj.v1i1.221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 17-36

Author(s):

Agbo Friday Ojonugwa

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

Internal Displacement ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Lasting Peace ◽

History Of ◽

Displaced People ◽

The Government ◽

Peace And Development

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are usually forced to flee or leave their homes, particularly in situations of armed conflict. They are displaced within their national territories and are generally subject to heightened suffering and vulnerability in many cases. It is also essential to state that the issue of internal displacement has become prominent because of the realisation that peace and reconstruction in conflict-ridden societies depend on the effective settlement and reintegration of displaced persons. Nigeria is a country that has a history of conflicts and displaced people. There has been a challenge in finding lasting peace through the employment of conflict resolution techniques and also the challenge of catering for the welfare of internally displaced persons in the country. However, peace and development without taking into account the settlement, return, and reintegration of IDPs. These desirous objectives are proving quite difficult in Nigeria as many challenges confront the government, policymakers, and humanitarian NGOs in providing the IDPs with their rights and needs. Some of the challenges can easily be overcome while some are more tasking requiring concerted efforts and massive resources to overcome. The aim of this article is to highlights the significant challenges confronting IDPs and provides some solutions to these challenges. In adopting the doctrinal method in discussions, the article finds that enormous challenges abound that confront IDPs in Nigeria, and it finds that there is the need for the government to find urgent solutions to the challenges of IDPs for the wellbeing of IDPs

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Human Rights Abuses Against Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Nigeria

Research Anthology on Empowering Marginalized Communities and Mitigating Racism and Discrimination ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8547-4.ch044 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 936-956

Author(s):

Stephen Damilola Odebiyi ◽

Olugbenga Elegbe

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Human Right ◽

Human Rights Abuses ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Media Frames ◽

The Social ◽

The Media

This chapter investigates media reportage of human right abuses and sexual violence against internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria. Using the social responsibility theory, it analyses how the media frames, prominence, slant and whether the Nigeria media employed investigative reports in its reportage of human rights abuses against IDPs. The chapter through a quantitative content analysis of 157 editions of two purposely selected newspapers (the Vanguard NG and the Daily Trust), found that the media failed to contextualise the stories in relation to its causes, solutions and in identifying perpetrators for justice to be served, similarly, the media took sides with victims of the violations. It also failed to accord the required prominence and necessary investigative touch to such stories. It is recommended that there should be frequent trainings for journalists so as to safeguard professionalism in the industry.

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The ICRC and internally displaced persons

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s0020860400090598 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 35 (305) ◽

pp. 181-191

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

International Committee ◽

Red Cross ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Geneva Conventions ◽

Conflict Situations ◽

Article 5

According to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the 1977 Protocols additional thereto, the mandate of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) applies in both international and noninternational armed conflict situations. The States party to the Geneva Conventions have also recognized the ICRC's right to propose activities in behalf of victims of internal strife, by adopting the Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (Article 5, para. 2d, of the Statutes).

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RECENT DEVELOPMENTS. THE ELABORATION OF A LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN AFRICA

Journal of African Law ◽

10.1017/s0021855306000155 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 187-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

CHALOKA BEYANI

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Habitual Residence ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Conflict Situations ◽

Or Groups ◽

Recent Developments

The aim of this article is to draw on contemporary developments relating to the elaboration of a binding legal framework for the treatment of internally displaced persons in Africa. By definition, internally displaced persons are “persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of, or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border”.

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Refugees and internally displaced persons — International humanitarian law and the role of the ICRC

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s0020860400090586 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 35 (305) ◽

pp. 162-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jean-Philippe Lavoyer

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

International Humanitarian Law ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Humanitarian Law ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Geneva Conventions

The main purpose of this brief study is to show the importance of international humanitarian law, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977, for internally displaced persons, i.e. persons displaced within their own country, and to refugees, i.e. persons who have fled their country. Not only does this body of international law protect them when they are victims of armed conflict, but its rules — if scrupulously applied — would make it possible to avoid the majority of displacements.

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Socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internal transmitted persons in the community

HUMANITARIUM ◽

10.31470/2308-5126-2019-41-1-135-143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 135-143

Author(s):

Oleksandra Fedorenko

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Group Development ◽

Psychological Adaptation ◽

Host Community ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Psychological Mechanisms ◽

The Social ◽

Mechanisms Of Adaptation

This article is devoted to the case study of the social and psychological adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons in the host community. Theoretical analysis of modern local and foreign studies has been performed. A theoretical analysis of contemporary domestic and foreign researches was effectuated, during which the specialities of the socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internally displaced were identified. It was clarified that the process of adaptation involves acceptance and adaptation to social norms, and as a result of integration, the emergence of new formations that meet the needs of individual and group development takes place. Also, there were an attempt to define the existence of distinctions of the migrants, refugees, internally displaced persons and their special aspects of adaptation. The complexity of the social and psychological adaptation of internally displaced persons lies in the fact that the result of the process should be the conformity to socially regulated behavior, interests, and values orientations of community without losing its own individuality. Research findings point to the significant potential of internally displaced persons, which can contribute to improving the adaptive capacity of the entire community, to manifest itself in the cultural, social and working life of the host party.The material presented in the article emphasizes the importance of a more careful study of the mechanisms of adaptation and integration.

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SOCIAL VULNERABILITY OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS AS THE BASIS OF SOCIAL WORK WITH THEM

Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University Series «Pedagogy Social Work» ◽

10.24144/2524-0609.2021.49.120-123 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120-123

Author(s):

Vira Nikitina

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Work ◽

Social Services ◽

Social Protection ◽

Humanitarian Assistance ◽

Psychological State ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

The Social

The article deals with basing of the necessity of social work with internally displaced persons (IDPs) in modern Ukraine, as not all of the problems of these people that have arisen as a result of forced resettlement have been resolved. The problem is in difference of the life trajectories of IDPs: some of migrants are in higher levels of income in the social hierarchy than residents of host communities, while others still live in collective housing in need of humanitarian assistance. Social differentiation within IDPs raises debates about the need to maintain common approaches to their social protection and social work with them. The purpose of this article is to prove the presence of signs of vulnerability in internally displaced persons, which necessitates the provision of social support by specialists working in the field of social work. To achieve this goal, the method of theoretical generalization and the method of deduction were used. The results of the study are the identification of such features of the social position of IDPs in Ukraine and features of their socio-psychological state, which evidence the presence of indicators of vulnerability, and therefore are the reason of social work with them in different areas. The presence of dual vulnerabilities in IDPs (the status of an orphan or a child deprived of parental care, a child or a person with a disability, a member of a family with many children, etc.) increases the need for social support from social services professionals.

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Human Rights Abuses Against Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Nigeria

Handbook of Research on the Global Impact of Media on Migration Issues - Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-0210-5.ch011 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 180-200

Author(s):

Stephen Damilola Odebiyi ◽

Olugbenga Elegbe

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Human Right ◽

Human Rights Abuses ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Media Frames ◽

The Social ◽

The Media

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Assessing Civil Liability for Harms to Women during Armed Conflict: The Rulings of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission

International Criminal Law Review ◽

10.1163/157181211x576447 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 589-605

Author(s):

Lucy Reed

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Vulnerable Populations ◽

Armed Conflict ◽

Civil Liability ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Jus In Bello ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Jus Ad Bellum ◽

Descriptive Account

AbstractThis article provides a descriptive account of rulings of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission (EECC) related to harms inflicted during the Ethiopia-Eritrea armed conflict that disproportionately affected women. Following the introduction, it presents a brief overview of the creation of the EECC and its jurisdiction, procedure and rulings. It then discusses the EECC's rulings on sexual violence, describing the special considerations for applying its standard and quantum of proof in relation to liability and damages in rape claims. The next part focuses on the import of the EECC's rulings in relation to expelled and other displaced civilians (including internally displaced persons), who were largely women and other vulnerable populations. Although the EECC did not, for the most part, find displacement itself to be a violation of the jus in bello, it did award significant amounts of compensation for harms suffered by expelled and displaced civilians and for relief provided to such persons, who were predominantly women and other vulnerable populations, as well as for Eritrea's violation of the jus ad bellum.

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