scholarly journals Identification of serum proteome components associated with progression of non-small cell lung cancer.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Pietrowska ◽  
Karol Jelonek ◽  
Malwina Michalak ◽  
Małgorzata Roś ◽  
Paweł Rodziewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Proteome

The aim of the present study was to perform comparative analysis of serum from patients with different stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the three complementary proteomic approaches to identify proteome components associated with the progression of cancer. Serum samples were collected before any treatment from 200 patients with NSCLC, including 103 early stage, 64 locally advanced and 33 metastatic cancer samples, and from 200 donors without malignancy. The low-molecular-weight fraction of serum proteome was MALDI-profiled in all samples. Serum proteins were characterized using 2D-PAGE and LC-MS/MS approaches in a representative group of 30 donors. Several significant differences were detected between serum samples collected from patients with early stage cancer and patients with locally advanced cancer, as well as between patients with metastatic cancer and patients with local disease. Of note, serum components discriminating samples from early stage cancer and healthy persons were also detected. In general, about 70 differentiating serum proteins were identified, including inflammatory and acute phase proteins already reported to be associated with the progression of lung cancer (serum amyloid A or haptoglobin). Several differentiating proteins, including apolipoprotein H or apolipoprotein A1, were not previously associated with NSCLC. No significant differences in patterns of serum proteome components were detected between patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, we identified the biomarker candidates with potential importance for molecular proteomic staging of NSCLC. Additionally, several serum proteome components revealed their potential applicability in early detection of the lung cancer.

Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients: A Discussion of Treatment Options

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (24) ◽  
pp. 2562-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Gajra ◽  
Aminah Jatoi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Lung cancer is a disease of the elderly. In older patients, the management of a malignancy as complex and potentially as lethal as lung cancer is challenging. Despite the fact that a large proportion of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer are elderly, information remains scant on how best to treat these patients. The goal of this review is to discuss the published literature and to provide guidance on how to treat elderly patients within three broad stages: (1) metastatic cancer, (2) early-stage cancer after surgery, and (3) locally advanced inoperable cancer. Because decisions on how and when to prescribe systemic treatment can be particularly difficult, this review focuses heavily on chemotherapy-related treatment decisions with some discussion of emerging data on the use of the comprehensive geriatric assessment.

scholarly journals Metabolic Changes in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients after Surgical Resection

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3012
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Biniam Kidane ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Zoann Nugent ◽  
Nataliya Moldovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Surgery

Metabolic alterations in malignant cells play a vital role in tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Biofluids from patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbor metabolic biomarkers with potential clinical applications. In this study, we assessed the changes in the metabolic profile of patients with early-stage NSCLC using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after surgical resection. A single cohort of 35 patients provided a total of 29 and 32 pairs of urine and serum samples, respectively, pre-and post-surgery. We identified a profile of 48 metabolites that were significantly different pre- and post-surgery: 17 in urine and 31 in serum. A higher proportion of metabolites were upregulated than downregulated post-surgery (p < 0.01); however, the median fold change (FC) was higher for downregulated than upregulated metabolites (p < 0.05). Purines/pyrimidines and proteins had a larger dysregulation than other classes of metabolites (p < 0.05 for each class). Several of the dysregulated metabolites have been previously associated with cancer, including leucyl proline, asymmetric dimethylarginine, isopentenyladenine, fumaric acid (all downregulated post-surgery), as well as N6-methyladenosine and several deoxycholic acid moieties, which were upregulated post-surgery. This study establishes metabolomic analysis of biofluids as a path to non-invasive diagnostics, screening, and monitoring in NSCLC.

Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer—A Stimulating Partnership

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Ritchell van Dams ◽  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Clifford G. Robinson ◽  
Percy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Early Stage Disease

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Although durable local control rates are high after surgical resection or definitive radiotherapy for early-stage disease, a substantial proportion of these patients eventually experience regional and/or distant failure and succumb to their metastatic disease. The discovery of immunotherapeutics and targeted biologics has revolutionized the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic disease, improving progression-free and overall survival when incorporated with the current standards of care. Notably, post-hoc analyses and early clinical trials provide a growing body of evidence to support a synergistic effect between radiation and immunotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC from early-stage to metastatic disease. Radiotherapy appears to be capable of not only potentiating the effect of immunotherapy in targeted lesions, but also eliciting an antitumor response in distant lesions without any direct exposure to radiation. This review explores the biologic basis of immunotherapy, targeted biologics, and radiotherapy as well as the preclinical and clinical data that support the combined use of radioimmunotherapy for early-stage, locally advanced, and metastatic NSCLC.

scholarly journals Differences in Patterns of Recurrence in Early-Stage Versus Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1755-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiran Lou ◽  
Camelia S. Sima ◽  
Valerie W. Rusch ◽  
David R. Jones ◽  
James Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage Versus ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Patterns Of Recurrence

scholarly journals New Perspectives in Different Gene Expression Profiles for Early and Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Masciale ◽  
Federico Banchelli ◽  
Giulia Grisendi ◽  
Roberto D’Amico ◽  
Antonino Maiorana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Advanced Stages

IntroductionLung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, causing over 1.7 million deaths in 2018. Thus far, no effective treatments against lung cancer for advanced stages have been found. For early stages, although surgery is considered the gold standard treatment, 30–55% of patients develop recurrence within the first 5 years of surgery. Our aim is to assess whether cancer stem cells (CSC) display overexpression of a pool of genes that were previously identified for adenocarcinoma recurrence in patients with early and locally advanced stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out by harvesting surgical tumor specimens obtained from patients harboring early (I-II) and locally advanced (IIIA) stages of NSCLC. For each patient, cell sorting was performed to identify and isolate the ALDHhigh (CSC) and ALDHlow (cancer cells) populations. The mRNA expressions of 31 recurrence-related genes (target genes) in both ALDHhigh and ALDHlow populations were then assessed and compared.ResultsSurgical specimens were obtained from 22 patients harboring NSCLC. Sixteen (51.6%) out of 31 recurrence-related genes were significantly overexpressed in ALDHhigh cells in the early stages and 9 (29.0%) were overexpressed in the locally advanced stages of NSCLC. Overall, the relative mRNA expressions for these recurrence-related genes were higher in early-stage patients. The average fold change, considering all 31 recurrence-related genes together, was 4.5 (95% CI = 3.1-6.3) in early-stage patients and 1.6 (95% CI = 1.2-2.2) in locally advanced-stage patients.ConclusionsOur study represents the first attempt toward identifying genes associated with recurrence that are overexpressed in cancer stem cells in patients with early and locally advanced stages of NSCLC. This finding may contribute to the identification of new target therapies tailored for NSCLC stages.

A Review of Treatment in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios G Pallis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Significant Prolongation

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85 % of all lung cancer cases. For patients with early-stage disease, surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is the optimal treatment. For patients with locally advanced disease, the standard approach is chemoradiotherapy, since it offers a small but statistically significant prolongation in survival compared with the sequential approach. It should be noted, however, that this approach is associated with significant toxicity and it only applies to patients with good performance status. For patients with metastatic disease, chemotherapy represents the cornerstone of treatment and results in a median survival of approximately 10 months. Recently, the addition of bevacizumab or cetuximab to chemotherapy doublets and the use of gefitinib and erlotinib has improved the outcome in selected patients with advanced NSCLC. Hopefully, advances in understanding the molecular biology of cancer and mechanisms of tumourigenesis will facilitate the discovery and development of novel ‘targeted agents’ and will further improve outcomes for these patients.

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