scholarly journals Floristic regions of the Samur-Chirakhchay interfluve and Dzhufudag (Southern Dagestan) according to analysis of petrophyte species composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
G. A. Yusufov ◽  
A. A. Teymurov ◽  
Z. I. Soltanmuradova ◽  
B. N. Saypulaeva ◽  
K. V. Bortsov
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Spatial Isolation ◽  
Account Information ◽  
Natural Boundaries

Aim. To undertake floristic zoning of the Samur-Chirakhchay interfluve and Dzhufudag for the analysis of the species composition of petrophylic complexes.Material and Methods. A list of obligate petrophytes was compiled based on the results of processing the authors' own field collections and taking into account information from floristic reports and determinations. The assessment of similarity of species composition of petrophytes in the regions was carried out using the Jaccard (Kj) and S0rensen-Czekanowski (Ksc) coefficients.Results. A subdivision of the mountain area studied into 7 floristic regions was carried out, based on a comparison of floristic lists and the presence of endemic species.Conclusion. The tendency in petrophytes to isolation of species forms, arising from spatial isolation relating to habitat specificity, makes it possible to quite accurately draw boundaries corresponding to the natural boundaries of differentiation of floras.

scholarly journals Primer Binding Site (PBS) Profiling of Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Endemic Species Allium ledebourianum Schult.

BioTech ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Oxana Khapilina ◽  
Ainur Turzhanova ◽  
Alevtina Danilova ◽  
Asem Tumenbayeva ◽  
Vladislav Shevtsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Dna Profiling ◽  
Primer Binding Site ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Interspersed Repeats

Endemic species are especially vulnerable to biodiversity loss caused by isolation or habitat specificity, small population size, and anthropogenic factors. Endemic species biodiversity analysis has a critically important global value for the development of conservation strategies. The rare onion Allium ledebourianum is a narrow-lined endemic species, with natural populations located in the extreme climatic conditions of the Kazakh Altai. A. ledebourianum populations are decreasing everywhere due to anthropogenic impact, and therefore, this species requires preservation and protection. Conservation of this rare species is associated with monitoring studies to investigate the genetic diversity of natural populations. Fundamental components of eukaryote genome include multiple classes of interspersed repeats. Various PCR-based DNA fingerprinting methods are used to detect chromosomal changes related to recombination processes of these interspersed elements. These methods are based on interspersed repeat sequences and are an effective approach for assessing the biological diversity of plants and their variability. We applied DNA profiling approaches based on conservative sequences of interspersed repeats to assess the genetic diversity of natural A. ledebourianum populations located in the territory of Kazakhstan Altai. The analysis of natural A. ledebourianum populations, carried out using the DNA profiling approach, allowed the effective differentiation of the populations and assessment of their genetic diversity. We used conservative sequences of tRNA primer binding sites (PBS) of the long-terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons as PCR primers. Amplification using the three most effective PBS primers generated 628 PCR amplicons, with an average of 209 amplicons. The average polymorphism level varied from 34% to 40% for all studied samples. Resolution analysis of the PBS primers showed all of them to have high or medium polymorphism levels, which varied from 0.763 to 0.965. Results of the molecular analysis of variance showed that the general biodiversity of A. ledebourianum populations is due to interpopulation (67%) and intrapopulation (33%) differences. The revealed genetic diversity was higher in the most distant population of A. ledebourianum LD64, located on the Sarymsakty ridge of Southern Altai. This is the first genetic diversity study of the endemic species A. ledebourianum using DNA profiling approaches. This work allowed us to collect new genetic data on the structure of A. ledebourianum populations in the Altai for subsequent development of preservation strategies to enhance the reproduction of this relict species. The results will be useful for the conservation and exploitation of this species, serving as the basis for further studies of its evolution and ecology.

scholarly journals Environmental filtering and spillover explain multi-species edge responses across agricultural boundaries in a biosphere reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Schalkwyk ◽  
J. S. Pryke ◽  
M. J. Samways ◽  
R. Gaigher
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract To ensure integrity of protected areas we need to understand how species respond to anthropogenic borders. We investigate, from a metacommunity perspective, the direct and indirect mechanisms by which transformed areas affect distribution patterns of ground-living arthropod assemblages inhabiting an extensive protected area adjacent to fruit orchards in an important biosphere reserve. Arthropods and environmental variables were sampled along transects perpendicular to natural-orchard edges. Influence of distance from orchard boundary, degree of impermeability of the boundary, orchard habitat quality (local scale land-use intensity), and edge-induced changes in local environmental variables on arthropod species richness and composition in non-crop habitats were assessed. Arthropod groups were assessed in terms of habitat fidelity: species associated with natural habitat (stenotopic species), those within crop habitat (cultural species), and those showing no preference for either habitat (ubiquitous species). Spillover resulted in higher cultural species richness near edges, but not higher overall species richness. Environmental filtering was important for stenotopic species composition, which was influenced by edge-induced changes in environmental variables. Ubiquitous species composition was determined by orchard impermeability. Increased orchard habitat quality was associated with higher cultural and ubiquitous species richness. The effects of orchards on assemblages in natural habitats can be variable, but predictable when using species habitat specificity in conjunction with a metacommunity framework. High intensity orchards may act as sink habitats, especially for species that readily disperse between crop and natural habitats. Here we recommend that local buffer strips are > 85 m wide, which will reduce the influence of cultural species spillover on sensitive natural ecosystems.

Vegetation Changes Associated With Invasion by Phytophthora cinnamomi on Monitored Sites in the Grampians, Western Australia

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kennedy ◽  
G Weste
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Steep Slopes

The effects of invasion by Phytophthora cinnamomi were measured on sites representing the larger forest regions of the Grampians. Changes were obvious at first, with the death of more than 50% of the species including large plants such as Xanthorrhoea australis, but soon became dificult to detect as susceptible species were replaced by field-resistant graminoids. Reductions were assessed in species heterogeneity and plant density during 1976, at the onset of disease and from 1977 to 1984. Susceptible species disappeared from infested forest and no re-emergence was observed. Less-susceptible plants such as some Euca/yptus spp. declined in number, regeneration and size, due to deaths or dieback of the branches. Reductions in tree canopy and the loss of structural dominants of the understorey caused changes in the flora which are likely to persist. The survival of rare, susceptible endemic species may be endangered. On dry, steep slopes the dead plants were not replaced and the amount of bare ground increased causing erosion of the soil surface. Some graminoid species increased in abundance on level, infested sites, resulting in a different species composition but with both species heterogeneity and plant density numerically similar to the previous flora.

Fish of the Loach and Balitor families in the ecotopes of the Bastak Nature Reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
V.N. Burik
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
The Family ◽  
Made In ◽  
New Habitats

The article provides the results of studying the fish fauna of the Bastak reserve. Based on the analysis of field ichthyologic collections in 2001-2019, the author described the species composition, distribution and habitat specificity in the nature reserve reservoirs - of the fish from the Cobitidae and Balitoridae families. Within the reserve and its conservation zone, it was found the habitat of four representatives of the family Cobitidae and two fish from the family Balitoridae. The research, made in 2019, first discovered the Paramisgurnus dabrianus (Dabry de Thiersant, 1872) and the round-tailed form of Barbatula toni (Dybowski, 1869) in the territory and protection zone of the Bastak nature reserve. There, it was also found some new habitats of species belonging to the families.

A new endemic Impatiens species on Mount Gorongosa (Mozambique) demonstrates the conservation importance of montane areas in Africa

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 333 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN B. JANSSENS ◽  
PETRA BALLINGS ◽  
ARNE MERTENS ◽  
STEVEN DESSEIN
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Gene Markers

A new Impatiens species from Mozambique, Impatiens wuerstenii, is described and illustrated. The material used for the description was initially mistaken for the morphologically similar Impatiens species I. psychadelphoides, a known endemic from Mozambique. However, a combined molecular – morphological study demonstrates that the populations found on Mount Gorongosa do not belong to I. psychadelphoides but are a species on their own. Phylogenetic analyses based on chloroplast and nuclear gene markers demonstrate that I. wuerstenii is sister to the floral morphologically distinct I. salpinx, and that I. psychadelphoides and I. cecilii are sister to that lineage. The presence of a new endemic species on Mount Gorongosa indicates the importance of this mountain area on the overall biodiversity of the region and emphasizes the need for a more thorough conservation and biological exploration of the mountain.

A case study on the Trichoptera fauna of springs in the escarpment mountains of southern Africa (Insecta, Trichoptera)

Zoosymposia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
WOLFRAM MEY
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Great Escarpment ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

The Trichoptera assemblages of three springs in the escarpment and on the Waterberg of Namibia, and of two springs in the Great Escarpment of South Africa were collected at irregular intervals. The species composition of each spring is presented and discussed in terms of permanence and stability of spring areas. The study has revealed a poor fauna in the Namibian escarpment, which consists of widespread species whereas the springs on the Waterberg and in the Great Escarpment are more speciose and contain relict and possible endemic species as well as widespread and euryoecious species. The differences are due to different degrees of isolation and distance from other freshwater ecosystems and suitable aquatic biotopes in the arid and semiarid environment of southwestern Africa.

scholarly journals Species composition of amphibians and reptiles in the Yen Tu mountain area, Bac Giang province

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thanh Tung ◽  
Le Nguyen Ngat ◽  
Nguyen Van Sang
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Mountain Area

scholarly journals Variation in Adaptive Traits of an Endemic Meconopsis napaulensis DC. along an Elevation Gradient in Alpine Himalaya, Central Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narmada Rana ◽  
Suresh Kumar Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Adaptive Traits ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Rocky Habitats ◽  
The Impact

Understanding the pattern of variation in adaptive traits of rare and endemic species along environmental gradient can suggest important implications for developing optimal strategies for species conservation and sustainable management. In this studywe aimed to study variation in life-history traits of an endemic species M. napaulensis DC. along an elevation gradient in Langtang National Park, Central Nepal covering three populations. Each population was investigated two times (2013 and 2014) covering different seasons. Population sampling was made to read habitat during the peak growing period (during monsoon) except seed output, which was studied during  the late growing period (post monsoon). Entire area of each population was extensively surveyed to record all the individuals, including plants in flowering or fruiting and their detailed vegetative characteristics and traits related to population fitness. Analysis of the habitat features showed that M. napaulensis exhibited high habitat specificity. M. napaulensis was restricted to open and rocky habitats of high altitudes. M. napaulensis growing sites had low vegetation cover indicating decreased interspecific competition. M. napaulensis showed high variation in traits due to altitudinal variation, climatic conditions, and disturbances. Specifically, reproductive traits discriminated the populations. M. napaulensis was suffered from human disturbance mainly from livestock grazing, plant harvesting, and garbage pollution as the study area is an important tourist destination and pilgrimage site. Conservation of rare and endemic species such as M. napaulensis requires strong provisions restricting human activities and minimizing the impact of harvesting and grazing; and implementing habitat restoration and population augmentation programs.

scholarly journals The Association Hyperico-Euphorbietum Glabriflorae Rexhepi 1978 in the Serpentine Terrains of Drenica Mountain

Hacquetia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elez Krasniqi ◽  
Fadil Millaku
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The Balkans

The AssociationHyperico-Euphorbietum GlabrifloraeRexhepi 1978 in the Serpentine Terrains of Drenica MountainIn the territory of Kosovo there are many serpentine mountain massifs. The largest complexes are found in the valley of the Ibër River, and the same are continued in a discontinuous chain through Koznica and Golesh to the southwest of the territory of Kosovo. Vegetation on the serpentine bedrock is rich in rare species and communities, which cannot be found in the Balkans and Europe. The communities appearing on the serpentine bedrock are characteristic and important for science. They are endemic due to the presence of endemic species in their species composition. Drenica Mountain (1051 m) is part of the Central Kosovo Mountains. These terrains are situated in the central part of Kosovo, between Çiçavica, Kosovo plain (Golesh), Llapusha, the Carraleva Mountains and the Anadrini region. A considerable part of these areas consists of serpentine bedrock, which is covered by interesting flora and vegetation. In the vegetation of Drenica Mountain 10 communities have been identified. Two of them are found on serpentine bedrock: ass.Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabrifloraeand ass.Potentillo-Fumanetum bonapartei. These communities belong to the open space, and are also located in other parts of Kosovo, but only on serpentine bedrock. On Drenica Mountain there are two localities where these two communities appear. In this paper we focus in particular on ass.Hyperico-Euphorbietum glabriflorae

scholarly journals Family Cruciferae Juss. (Brassicaceae Burnett) of SAKHA (Yakutia) Republic

VAVILOVIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-34
Author(s):  
V. I. Dorofeyev
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Cruciferae Family

The paper offers a new revision of the species composition of the Cruciferae family in Yakutia, which is supplemented by information on the geographical distribution and taxonomic composition. In the present work, the crucifers of Yakutia are represented by 39 genera and 102 species. Among them, there are two endemic species (Boechera falcata (Turcz.) Al-Shehbaz and Smelowskia jacutica (Botsch. et Karav.) Al-Shehbaz et Warwick), and one subendemic (Isatis jacutensis (N. Busch) N. Busch). Traditionally, the genus Draba is the richest in the number of species in the territories reaching into the Arctic. At present, taking the latest processing of the genus by V. V. Petrovsky (Petrovsky, 2018) into account, it numbers 32 species, which amounts to about 1/3 of the total species richness of this family in Yakutia. The paper summarizes the nomenclature changes that have affected a number of representatives of this family in recent years, and proposes new combinations in the genus Boechera (B. pendula (L.) V. I. Dorof. Comb. Nov.) and Thellungiella (T. bursifolia (DC.) V. I. Dorof. Comb. Nov.). An analysis of the diversity of crucifers made it possible to assert that the flora of Yakutia is obviously insufficiently studied in its northwest and northeast reaches, and to suggest that the floristic zoning of Yakutia should be supplemented by outlining three supra-regions, namely the Verkhoyansk (eastern), Vilui (western) and Arctic (northern) supra-regions.

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