Durum Spring Wheat Susceptibility to Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.B. Goosey ◽  
A.W. Lenssen ◽  
G.D. Johnson ◽  
S.L. Blodgett ◽  
G. R. Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Rotational Crop ◽  
Arthropod Pest

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, is the primary arthropod pest of wheat, Triticum aestivum Thell, in the Northern Great Plains. Yet, information is unavailable on wheat stem sawfly infestation potential of currently grown spring durum cultivars. Field trials were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to determine wheat stem sawfly susceptibility of 13 spring durum cultivars and one hard red spring wheat. Preharvest infestations ranged from 2–55%. Postharvest larval infestations of stubble ranged from 1–9.5%. Three durum cultivars ‘Lloyd’, ‘Plenty’, and ‘Sceptre’ appear to offer potential, as a rotational crop, for management of wheat stem sawfly.

scholarly journals Canadian spring hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars exhibit broad adaptation to ultra-early wheat planting systems.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Robert Stephen Collier ◽  
Dean Spaner ◽  
Robert J. Graf ◽  
Cindy A Gampe ◽  
Brian L Beres
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Northern Great Plains

Ultra-early wheat growing systems based on soil temperature triggers for planting instead of arbitrary calendar dates can increase grain yield and overall growing system stability of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the northern Great Plains. We conducted field trials at three sites in western Canada from 2017 to 2019 to evaluate the suitability of Canadian spring hexaploid wheat cultivars and market classes for use within ultra-early spring wheat growing systems. All cultivars and classes exhibited improved grain yield stability (lower adjusted coefficient of variation values) and optimal grain yield when planted ultra-early at 2°C soil temperature rather than delaying planting to 8°C.

AC Abbey hard red spring wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Moderate Resistance

AC Abbey, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian prairies. It is significantly shorter than any of the check cultivars and has solid stems. AC Abbey expressed higher grain yield, earlier maturity, and heavier kernels than AC Eatonia, the solidstem check cultivar. It is resistant to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and to prevalent races of common bunt and has moderate resistance to leaf rust and stem rust. AC Abbey is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, yield, wheat stem sawfly, plant height, maturity

Lillian hard red spring wheat

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith ◽  
G. Humphreys ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Description

Lillian, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), exhibited reduced cutting by the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and is adapted to the Canadian prairies. Lillian produced significantly more grain yield than AC Abbey and Neepawa and its grain yield and protein concentration were similar to AC Barrie. It matured significantly earlier than Superb and Laura, and had improved resistance to leaf rust and leaf spotting diseases compared to AC Abbey. Lillian is eligible for all grades of the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield and protein, resistance wheat stem sawfly, leaf and stem rust

Limiting Green and Yellow Foxtail (Setaria viridisandS. glauca) Seed Production Following Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Harvest

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
George O. Kegode ◽  
Frank Forcella ◽  
Beverly R. Durgan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Main Plot

Green and yellow foxtail seed production following harvest of spring wheat is a concern of producers in the northern Great Plains of the United States and the Prairie Provinces of Canada. Experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 in three tillage systems, no till (NT), chisel plow (CP), and moldboard plow (MP), at the University of Minnesota West Central Experiment Station, Morris, MN, to determine whether time of glyphosate application or tillage after spring wheat harvest could reduce postharvest foxtail seed production. In both years, hard red spring wheat was planted in late April and a packaged mixture of fenoxaprop and 2,4-D ester and MCPA ester was applied at a rate of 53 g and 81 g and 246 g ai/ha for grass and broadleaf weed control. Following spring wheat harvest, each main plot was subdivided into seven subplots, including an untreated control. One subplot was disked twice at 4 to 6 d after harvest (DAH) of spring wheat, and five other subplots had glyphosate (0.25 kg ai/ ha) applied on different days (1 to 31 DAH). Foxtail seeds were collected from the soil surface following first frost, and the number of green and yellow foxtail seeds were determined. Tillage immediately after spring wheat harvest eliminated foxtail plants, and no new foxtail seedlings emerged in either tilled or glyphosate-treated plots despite ideal postharvest conditions for foxtail germination and emergence in 1997. Most viable green foxtail seeds were consistently obtained in NT plots, whereas yellow foxtail seed production varied among tillage systems. Either tillage soon after spring wheat harvest or glyphosate application within 16 DAH reduced green and yellow foxtail seed production by greater than 70%.

Distinguishing adults of Bracon cephi and Bracon lissogaster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of the wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Runyon ◽  
R.L. Hurley ◽  
W.L. Morrill ◽  
D.K. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), has been the most economically important insect pest of wheat in the northern Great Plains since cultivation began (Weiss and Morrill 1992). The wheat stem sawfly was first reported from wild grasses where populations were often highly parasitized by a number of parasitoids, including Bracon (= Microbracon) cephi (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (Criddle 1923; Ainslie 1929). A similar species, Bracon lissogaster Muesebeck, was later reported to also attack C. cinctus larvae (Muesebeck 1953; Somsen and Luginbill 1956). These parasitoids are now prevalent in wheat in some regions of Montana (Morrill et al. 1994, 1998; Morrill 1997). The life histories and phenologies of these sympatric idiobiont ectoparasitoids are similar. The ability to distinguish B. cephi from B. lissogaster is essential in elucidating their effects on populations of C. cinctus. We examined 159 females and 123 males of B. cephi from Chouteau, Hill, Stillwater, Teton, and Toole counties in Montana; Burke, Burleigh, Rolette, and Williams counties in North Dakota; Rock County in Minnesota; and southem Alberta (Rockyford and Consort). The 254 females and 215 males of B. lissogaster examined were from Chouteau, Hill, Teton, and Toole counties in Montana. Holotypes were compared to verify identifications.

Spatiotemporal distributions of wheat stem sawfly eggs and larvae in dryland wheat fields

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Nansen ◽  
Tulio B. Macedo ◽  
David K. Weaver ◽  
Robert K.D. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

AbstractThe wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is the most serious insect pest of dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; Poaceae) in the southern Canadian Prairies and the northern Great Plains of the United States. We characterized the spatial distribution pattern of C. cinctus eggs and larvae throughout the adult flight period in three dryland winter wheat fields in Montana. Cephus cinctus females laid eggs in wheat stems until a few weeks before wheat maturity, and most wheat stems received only one egg. Wheat stem samples collected along the field edges represented 12%–16% of the samples but 40%–95% of the infested stems. The highest numbers of C. cinctus eggs and larvae found in a single wheat stem were 16 and 4, respectively. On a field scale, both C. cinctus eggs and larvae were significantly aggregated along field edges in most of the sampling events. A comparison of indices of aggregation revealed that C. cinctus larvae were significantly more spatially aggregated than C. cinctus eggs. Based on our spatiotemporal analysis, we speculate that the majority of the eggs are initially laid along field edges, and ovipositing C. cinctus females do not distinguish between previously infested and uninfested wheat stems. Gradually, these eggs hatch and the larvae begin feeding; at the same time, the later emerging C. cinctus females oviposit farther into the wheat fields. One explanation is that ovipositing C. cinctus females avoid stems containing feeding larvae. The analysis of the temporal changes in the spatial distribution patterns of C. cinctus eggs and larvae is discussed in the context of possible integrated pest management strategies.

LEADER HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. De PAUW ◽  
D. S. McBEAN ◽  
S. R. BUZINSKI ◽  
T. F. TOWNLEY-SMITH ◽  
J. M. CLARKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Brown Soil

Leader hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combines resistance to the wheat stem sawfly with a low level of alpha-amylase activity. It is adapted to the Brown soil zones of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

INHERITANCE OF SAWFLY REACTION AND STEM SOLIDNESS IN SPRING WHEAT CROSSES: SAWFLY REACTION

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Tilletia Caries ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Stem Solidness

Inheritance of reaction to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort., was studied in populations of F3 and B2 lines from the cross Red Bobs × C.T. 715 (Triticum aestivum L.), and the respective backcrosses. The data supported the hypothesis that the varieties differed by three genes for sawfly reaction. A major influence was attributable to one gene. Its allele for susceptibility when homozygous was epistatic to the other two genes. Its allele for resistance was twice as effective as either of the other genes in conditioning resistance. The other two genes lacked dominance and were equal in their influence on sawfly reaction.Correlation coefficients showed that sawfly reaction was not associated with reaction to race T-2 of Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul., heading date, or awnedness. Sawfly susceptibility was weakly correlated with height.

Rearing the wheat stem sawfly on an artificial diet

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuilo B. Macedo ◽  
Paula A. Macedo ◽  
Robert K.D. Peterson ◽  
David K. Weaver ◽  
Wendell L. Morrill
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Harvest Efficiency

The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is an insect pest in dryland wheat cropping systems in the southern Canadian Prairies and the northern Great Plains of the United States (Morrill 1997). Yield losses caused by C. cinctus are due to reduced head weight (Holmes 1977; Morrill et al. 1992) and lodging, which decreases harvest efficiency. Estimates of yield losses in Montana alone are about US$25 million per year.

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