Effect of Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles on Liver Morphology of Rats in Parenteral Administration

The issue of the potential safety of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SDNPs) remains relevant. In this connection, in order to use the unique capabilities of silicon nanostructures for biomedical purposes, as well as to level their toxic effects, a detailed study of these nanoparticles interaction with cells and tissues in vivo is required.The aim of the research is to reveal morphofunctional changes in a rat's liver after a single parenteral administration of 12 nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles for the period of six months.Material and methods. Using general histological and immunohistochemical methods to study the rats' liver after a single parenteral administration of 1 ml of silicon dioxide nanoparticles at a dose of 7 mg/kg of body weight at a concentration of 2 mg/ml. The sections of the rats' liver were studied by general histological and immunohistochemical methods after injection of 1mL of a SDNPs saline suspension at a concentration of 2 mg/mL (7mg/kg of body weight). Control animals were injected with 1 ml of saline solution. The material was collected in 21 days, 2, 4 and 6 months months after the administration of the SDNPs and it was fixed in 10% neutral formaldehyde.Results. The formation of granulomas in the liver on the 21st day of the experiment and an increase in the number of Kupfer cells were revealed. However, by the 2nd month of the experiment, the number of granulomas significantly decreases compared to the 21st day of the experiment and continues to decrease in subsequent periods. The average size of granulomas decreases during the 2nd month of the experiment and does not change during the subsequent periods of the experiment. After 6 months of the experiment, the morphofunctional state of the liver is characterized by slightly pronounced aseptic inflammation.Conclusion. A single parenteral administration of silicon dioxide nanoparticles causes pronounced aseptic inflammation of the liver, decreasing by the 6th month of the experiment. Connective tissue remodeling in the liver is not observed at all periods of the experiment.