scholarly journals Status of Health, Education and Income Inequality in Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
Mir-Taher Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Introduction: Education and income inequality are two important social determinants of health inequality. Every society for improving health status should focus on income equality and education for all. A review of the current situation helps to identify and improve the weaknesses in Iran.  Methods: This study was descriptive and data collection was done by documentary study method. This researchtried to study various global databases, papers and global reports to search the status of Iran in comparison to other countries in different regions. Result: Studies have shown that inequality in income and wealth. Although the situation in Iran is better than the Persian Gulf countries, more inequality is observed in Iran in comparison to other parts of the world, including the United States and Western Europe. In terms of health, among the fifty major causes of death, Iran is ranked first and fourth in global terms due to road accidents and illicit drug use. At the same time, mortality from liver cancer, skin cancer, epilepsy, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, and cancer are in good condition compared to other countries in the world. In the field of education, the state of Iran in primary education, the exclusion of children from primary education, the guarantee of equal access for women and men to higher education and the eradication of gender inequality in participating in education is in a better situation than other parts of the world, but has been weaker than many other countries in the number of preschool years and pre-school education. Conclusion: The status of Iran in income inequality and education showed challenges that should be improve. These two as social determinants of health inequalities have an enormous role in health status. Sustainable development goals can be a guideline for developing the current situation.

scholarly journals A County-Level Examination of the Relationship Between HIV and Social Determinants of Health: 40 States, 2006-2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gant Z ◽  
Lomotey M ◽  
Hall H.I ◽  
Hu X ◽  
Guo X ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
County Level ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Social determinants of health (SDH) are the social and physical factors that can influence unhealthy or risky behavior. Social determinants of health can affect the chances of acquiring an infectious disease – such as HIV – through behavioral influences and limited preventative and healthcare access. We analyzed the relationship between social determinants of health and HIV diagnosis rates to better understand the disparity in rates between different populations in the United States. Methods: Using National HIV Surveillance data and American Community Survey data at the county level, we examined the relationships between social determinants of health variables (e.g., proportion of whites, income inequality) and HIV diagnosis rates (averaged for 2006-2008) among adults and adolescents from 40 states with mature name-based HIV surveillance. Results: Analysis of data from 1,560 counties showed a significant, positive correlation between HIV diagnosis rates and income inequality (Pearson correlation coefficient ρ = 0.40) and proportion unmarried – ages >15 (ρ = 0.52). There was a significant, negative correlation between proportion of whites and rates (ρ = -0.67). Correlations were low between racespecific social determinants of health indicators and rates. Conclusions/Implications: Overall, HIV diagnosis rates increased as income inequality and the proportion unmarried increased, and rates decreased as proportion of whites increased. The data reflect the higher HIV prevalence among non-whites. Although statistical correlations were moderate, identifying and understanding these social determinants of health variables can help target prevention efforts to aid in reducing HIV diagnosis rates. Future analyses need to determine whether the higher proportion of singles reflects higher populations of gay and bisexual men.

scholarly journals Social determinants of health and self-rated health status: A comparison between women with HIV and women without HIV from the general population in Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0213901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Shokoohi ◽  
Greta R. Bauer ◽  
Angela Kaida ◽  
Ashley Lacombe-Duncan ◽  
Mina Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Women With Hiv

scholarly journals Pre-existing conditions in Latin America and factors associated with adverse outcomes of COVID-19: A review

Medwave ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. e8180-8180
Author(s):  
Teresa Balboa-Castillo ◽  
Omar Andrade-Mayorga ◽  
Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr ◽  
Gladys Morales Illanes ◽  
Manuel Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly throughout the world. Latin American and the Caribbean countries have been harshly affected by the pandemic mainly due to less prepared healthcare systems and fragmented social safety nets. In the region, health status population-based indicators are worse than compared to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Recent evidence suggests that the progression and severity of COVID-19 are associated with the prior health status of individuals, and studies have shown that the case fatality rate is highly stratified among different populations. This narrative review aims to describe factors associated with adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in the context of social determinants of health in Latin American and Caribbean countries. In this review, we state that genetic and biological factors interact in a sophisticated way with social determinants of health, impacting the rapid spread of COVID-19 in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Behavioral factors, such as physical inactivity, smoking, and unhealthy diets, are related to chronic systemic inflammation. Also, air pollution can prolong inflammation and the hyper-activation of the immune system. Air pollutants could facilitate the spread of the virus. Finally, frailty and comorbidities can be associated with COVID-19 severity through increasing vulnerability to stressors and leading to more severe symptoms of COVID-19 disease, including a higher mortality risk. All these factors contribute to increasing the impact of COVID-19 in Latin American and Caribbean countries. We highlight the relevance of considering social determinants of health in Latin American and the Caribbean countries, not only in controlling the likelihood of getting the disease but also its progression and severity. All these social determinants can guide the design and implementation of tailored interventions promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors, which should lower the spread of the disease, its severity, and lethality.

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