Prevalence of patterns of impacted third molars

Third Molars ◽

Wisdom Tooth ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

The North ◽

Tooth Impaction ◽

Aim: As the patterns of impaction can affect the treatment plan of removing or remaining the impacted tooth, the difficulty of surgery, and the post-surgical complications, this survey aimed for assessment of the mandibular wisdom tooth impaction patterns in terms of angulation and depth in the north population of Iran. Materials and Methods: 196 Panoramic radiographs were gathered from patients attending to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of GUMS in 2018-2019. To perform this retrospective study the prevalence of impaction, angulation, and the level of the eruption were assessed. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16. Results: This study found that the most common pattern of impacted mandibular third molars was level B in terms of depth and mesioangular in terms of angulation. Conclusion: The current study notes the importance of determining the angulation and level of wisdom tooth in designing the pre-surgical treatment and in post-surgical complaints

Surgical Extraction of Mesio-Angularly Impacted Mandibular Third Molars:An Alternative Instrument for the Osteotomy Procedure

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2017/18845 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1529

Author(s):

Charles E. Anyanechi

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Third Molars ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Surgical Extraction ◽

Mandibular Third Molars ◽

Contemporary Practice

Background: Osteotomy of the bone surrounding mesio-angularly impacted tooth is part of the surgical procedure required for their extraction and has evolved in contemporary practice from the use of mallet/chisel to dental drill.Objective: To describe the extractions of mesio-angularly impacted mandibular third molars using Crane pick dental elevator for the osteotomy procedure.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective clinical study of patients done at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of our institution, over three years period. With gentle, controlled, downward force, bone was removed with Crane pick elevator to expose the mesio-angularly impacted tooth cervical line, creating buccal and distal troughs that were linked and made in cancellous bone. The clinical variables evaluated were age, gender, and reason(s) for extraction, duration of treatment/osteotomy, degree of postoperative trismus and swelling, and complaints during follow-Up.Results: The ages of the 74 patients studied ranged from 18-63 years with mean age of 32.6± 2.8 years. Majority (83.8%) were in the age category of 16-45 years (P=0.001). The duration of the surgery from incision to placement of the last suture ranged from 12.8 to 17.1 minutes with mean 14.3±1.4 minutes. The duration of the osteotomy including the delivery of the tooth from their sockets ranged from 3.2 to 7.4 minutes with mean 5.3±0.7 minutes. The younger the patient's age, the shorter the osteotomy procedure (P=0.001).Conclusion: This study showed that certain mesio-angularly impacted mandibular third molars can be extracted using only Crane pick elevator.

Pattern of Angulations and Common Indications for Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar at KMU-Institute of Dental Sciences, Kohat

Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College ◽

10.35787/jimdc.v8i2.360 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 79-83

Author(s):

Tariq Sardar ◽

Gulrukh Sheikh ◽

Saddique Aslam ◽

Numan Muhammad Khan ◽

Javed Akhtar Rana

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Third Molar ◽

Age Group ◽

Third Molars ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Impacted Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Background: The extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar (MTM), with associated pathologies or clinical manifestations is an important and one of the most frequent decisions in dentistry. The angle formed by the longitudinal axis of second and third molar is used to determine angulation of impacted MTM. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of angulations of impacted mandibular third molar and common indications for extraction associated with these angulations.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Khyber Medical University Institute of Dental Sciences, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) from November 2017 to July 2018. A total of 349 patients presenting with impacted mandibular third molars were included in this study. Name, age, gender, address, the angulation of the impacted tooth and the indication for extraction of the impacted tooth were recorded. Data comprising of qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed using SPSS version 17.Results: Out of 349 patients, 206 were male and 143 females, with the male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The age range of the patients was from 18 years to 60 years with a mean age of 26 ± 6 years. The most common age group with impacted third molar was ≤ 25 years followed by 26 to 30 years’ age group. The most common angulation was mesioangular followed by vertical, horizontal and distoangular impacted mandibular third molar. Pericoronitis was the most common indication for extraction in all angulations except horizontal impaction where root resorption of the second molar was more common.Conclusion: Mesioangular is the most common angulation in impacted mandibular third molars. Pericoronitis is the main indication for all angulations of impacted mandibular third molars except horizontal angulation, occurring mostly in the third decade of life.

Clinical assessment of impacted lower third molars at Ekpan, Delta State in Nigeria

Nepalese Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/nmj.v3i2.29486 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 352-355

Author(s):

Mabel Okiemute Etetafia ◽

Ese Anibor ◽

Martins Obaroefe

Keyword(s):

Third Molar ◽

Third Molars ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Impacted Teeth ◽

Pull Out ◽

Carious Lesions ◽

Surgical Extraction ◽

Introduction: Diagnosis and management of impacted mandibular third molars call for a cogent appraisal and treatment choice both for the sick person and the dental practitioner. This academic work scrutinized the pattern as well as treatment of impacted mandibular third molars at the Teem Clinic and Dental Centre, Ekpan, Delta State, in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved 131 cases who reported impacted mandibular third molars. The age, gender, impacted tooth, type of impaction, pathological conditions, and treatment proffered were recorded.Results: The male to female ratio was 0.8:1, with an age range of 10 to 40 years. Of the lower third molar impactions 58 (42.0%) were mesioangular, 5 (3.6%) horizontal, 18 (13.0%) vertical and 57 (41.3%) were distoangular. A total of 47 (34.1%) quested for dental attention following varying degrees of pain induced by pericoronitis. Teeth removal was accomplished for 76 (55.0%) owing to carious lesions on the impacted teeth, proximate tooth, or both. Surgical extraction was the option taken in 69 (50.0 %) with caries on the impacted teeth while 3 (2.2%) had to pull out of their teeth done owing to carious lesions on the bordering second molars. In 3 (2.2%) both the impacted third molar and the proximate second molar were decayed. Conclusions: The prevailing indication for pulling out impacted mandibular third molars was acute pericoronitis. Mesioangular sort of impaction was most recurrent and ought to be considered for theplausibility of frequentness of complications.

Evaluation of demographic and radiological risk factors for assessment of difficulty in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar – A prospective study.

International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences ◽

10.32457/ijmss.2019.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

Manu R. Goel ◽

Milind D. Shringarpure ◽

Vasant V. Shewale ◽

Tejasvini Dehankar ◽

Ajit Joshi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Third Molar ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Third Molars ◽

Surgical Time ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Surgical Difficulty

The extraction of impacted third molars is among the most common surgical procedures carried out in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Both the patient and dentist must therefore have scientific evidence-based information concerning the estimated level of surgical difficulty of every case to consider in referring cases of impacted third molars for specialists’ handling. We have undertaken a study in which demographic and radiological variables were considered together to evaluate the risk factors for surgical difficulty in a cohort of 100 impacted mandibular third molars. There were 13 variables evaluated for surgical difficulty. Total surgical time intervention was noted at the end of each surgery. Each variable was analysed with total surgical time intervention with univariate and multiple linear regression. Out of 13 variables, 9 were found statistically significant. The most significant predictors for surgical difficulty were Body Mass Index, Depth of impacted tooth and Retromolar space. No postoperative complications were reported.

Comparison of Complications of Extraction among Partially Impacted Mandibular Third Molars with or without a Buccal Flap

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i36b31947 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-19

Author(s):

M. Ahmed Khan ◽

Tahera Ayub ◽

Bibi Gulsama ◽

Azizullah Muhammad Nawaz Qureshi ◽

Aosaf Anwar Memon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Operative Time ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Operating Time ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Third Molars ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Buccal Flap ◽

Objective: To compare the complications of extraction of partially impacted mandibular third molars with or without a buccal flap. Materials And Methods: A comparative cohort study was performed at Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad from September 2020 to March 2021. Sixty-two patients of either gender, having age 15-50 years and recommended for extraction of partially impacted mandibular third molars were selected by non-probability consecutive sampling technique and distributed into flapless group (31 patients) and buccal flap group (31 patients). Patients were treated with standard procedures of flapless and buccal flap, operating time was noted and follow up was done at 1st day, 2nd day post-operatively for pain, swelling, trismus, whereas periodontal pocket distal to second molar was measured at 1 month and 3 months follow up interval. Results: In flapless and buccal flap group male patients were 17 (54.8%) and 18 (58.1%) and female patients were 14 (45.2%) and 13 (41.9%) respectively with mean age of 27.4 ± 9.6 and 26.7 ± 8.4 years. Statistically significant difference was obtained in flapless and buccal flap groups in terms of operative time, pain score, swelling score, pocket depth and trismus. Conclusion: Flapless technique is more effective in conditions of operative time and post-operative complications. So, flapless technique can be used frequently for elimination of incompletely impacted mandibular third molars.

Automated Prediction of Extraction Difficulty and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury for Mandibular Third Molar Using a Deep Neural Network

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app12010475 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Junseok Lee ◽

Jumi Park ◽

Seong Yong Moon ◽

Kyoobin Lee

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽

Third Molar ◽

Third Molars ◽

Radiographic Image ◽

Common Procedure ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Extraction of mandibular third molars is a common procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. There are studies that simultaneously predict the extraction difficulty of mandibular third molar and the complications that may occur. Thus, we propose a method of automatically detecting mandibular third molars in the panoramic radiographic images and predicting the extraction difficulty and likelihood of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. Our dataset consists of 4903 panoramic radiographic images acquired from various dental hospitals. Seven dentists annotated detection and classification labels. The detection model determines the mandibular third molar in the panoramic radiographic image. The region of interest (ROI) includes the detected mandibular third molar, adjacent teeth, and IAN, which is cropped in the panoramic radiographic image. The classification models use ROI as input to predict the extraction difficulty and likelihood of IAN injury. The achieved detection performance was 99.0% mAP over the intersection of union (IOU) 0.5. In addition, we achieved an 83.5% accuracy for the prediction of extraction difficulty and an 81.1% accuracy for the prediction of the likelihood of IAN injury. We demonstrated that a deep learning method can support the diagnosis for extracting the mandibular third molar.

Prevalence of mandibular third molar impaction pattern in a private dental clinic of Sultanpur Lodhi

International Journal of Health ◽

10.14419/ijh.v3i2.5173 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Pushappreet Kaur

Keyword(s):

Third Molar ◽

Third Molars ◽

Radiographic Assessment ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Class 1 ◽

Tooth Number ◽

Background: Mandibular third molar is the most commonly impacted tooth, and its removal is a frequently performed dentoalveolar procedure. It is important to know the prevalence rate in a particular community.Objective: This article aims at evaluation of angulation, ramus relationship and depth of impacted mandibular third molars among patients visiting a private dental clinic in Sultanpur Lodhi.Methodology: 150 patients presenting with 228 cases of lower third molar impaction were included within this study. IOPAR and where necessary, OPG was used for radiographic assessment. Age, sex and tooth number were recorded in each patient on a specially designed performa. Angulation was determined using winter’s method whereas assessment of ramus relationship and depth was done using Pell and Gregory's method.Results and Conclusion: The age of patients ranged from 21-43 years with mean age of 26.6 years. Males showed preponderance to mandibular M3 impaction (54%) in our study, and right side was found more frequently involved (53%). Radiographic assessment revealed that mesioangular impaction (45.2%) was the most prevalent angular pattern followed by vertical, distoangular and horizontal types, and Class 2 Position A (29.4%) most common and Class 1 Position C the least common type of impaction depth and ramus relationship.

Pattern of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Teeth in Rangpur Region, Bangladesh: A Radiological Evaluation

KYAMC Journal ◽

10.3329/kyamcj.v12i1.53360 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 8-13

Author(s):

Md Rubayet Alam Prodhan ◽

Md Shahidul Islam ◽

Rifat Rezwana ◽

Md Moynul Hasan

Keyword(s):

Third Molar ◽

Third Molars ◽

Radiographic Assessment ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Impacted Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Mandibular Third Molar ◽

Molar Teeth ◽

Background: Third molar is the most commonly impacted tooth in the oral cavity and accounts for large of all impactions. The most common complication in the extraction of the third mandibular molars is nerve and vessels damage. Therefore, thorough radiographic assessment is a necessary to avoid these surgical complications. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency, angulation, depth of the impacted mandibular third molars and its relationship with ramus on radiographs. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 800 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients attending different dental clinics and hospitals in Rangpur region, Bangladesh between June 2014 to May 2015. Panoromic Radiographic assessment was carried out to evaluate the pattern of third molar impaction in terms of age, gender, angulation of impaction, level of eruption and available retromolar space using panoramic radiographs and Pell & Gregory classification. Results: A total of 314 radiographic third molar areas were found in this study, out of them 137 belong to male patients and 177 belong to the female patients. The mesio angular types of angulation was most prevalent (46%) whereas distoangular was rare (5%) in our study. In relation to anterior border of the ramus of mandible Level B 52% and Class II 59% were the most common pattern of impaction. The female tends to be dominant as compared to male & the maximum number (35%) of impacted third molars are found in an age group of 38 years and above. Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs can be used as reliable investigation for evaluation of impacted mandibular third molar. KYAMC Journal.2021;12(01): 08-13

Autotransplantation of Two Immature Third Molars with the Use of L-PRF

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/6672711 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Manon Rey Lescure ◽

Nicola Alberto Valente ◽

Sibylle Chatelain ◽

Chiara Cinquini ◽

Antonio Barone

Keyword(s):

Treatment Option ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Third Molars ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Successful Case ◽

Good Treatment Option ◽

Mandibular Third Molars ◽

Root Apices

Tooth autotransplantation is a procedure which provides the extraction of an erupted or impacted tooth and its repositioning to another site in the oral cavity. This Case Report describes a successful case of two autotransplantations of open-apex mandibular third molars in place of the hopeless first mandibular molars with the use of L-PRF in a growing patient. A 15-year-old male patient was referred to the Dental Clinic for the extractions of the two hopeless mandibular first molars. Autotransplantation was considered the best treatment option for both sites 36 and 46, because the presence of two impacted mandibular third molars (38 and 48) with an incomplete root formation. Teeth 36 and 46 were extracted and replaced with teeth 38 and 48. The patient had an uneventful healing. At follow-up visits, the two autotransplanted teeth showed physiologic mobility, absence of inflammation and discomfort, and absence of infection; probing depth values were within normal range, and the vitality tests were positive. After 2 years, the teeth in position 36 and 46 showed absence of infection and mobility, and positive pulp vitality tests and the radiographic examinations exhibited closure of the root apices as well as absence of any periapical radiolucency or root resorption. Tooth autotransplantation is a good treatment option in case of tooth loss offering an alternative to traditional or implant-supported prosthesis especially for growing patients.

Removal of dental surgical bur from maxillary sinus: a case report

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8653838 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. e18224

Author(s):

Yeon Jung Kim ◽

Ana Maria Barg da Silva ◽

Mirko Dennys Ayala Perez ◽

Heloisa F. Marão ◽

Debora Pallos

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Third Molar ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Third Molars ◽

Third Molar Extraction

The most commonly performed surgical procedure in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery practices are the removal of impacted third molars. Extensive training, skill and experience allow this procedure to be performed in an atraumatic approach. The aim of this study was to drawing attention to the importance of the correct management of the complications cases of foreign body inside maxillary sinus after surgical removal of maxillary third molars. This is an unusual clinical case of a dental surgical bur accidentally displacement into the maxillary sinus during an upper third molar extraction surgery. After removal, the clinical case showed a satisfactory repair emphasizing the importance of a meticulous clinical examination to achieve a correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan, which is essential for a favorable prognosis.