scholarly journals Odontogenic Cervicofacial Infection in Pregnancy: A Need for Oral Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Fomete ◽  
Rowland Agbara ◽  
Kelvin Uchenna Omeje ◽  
Adekunle Olanrewaju Oguntayo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fascial Space

Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating. The development of odontogenic infections within the period of pregnancy may endanger the life of the mother as well as that of her unborn baby. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of cases of cervicofacial infection in women during pregnancy was conducted at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of a northern Nigerian tertiary health care center from January 2006 to June 2018. Results: Seventy women were managed for cervicofacial infection during the period reviewed, out of which 20 women (28.6%) presented during pregnancy. Their mean age was 33.8 ± 9.35 years with a range of 20 to 55 years. The 30-39 years age bracket had the highest frequency (40%) and the mean duration of pregnancy at presentation was 24.9 ± 11.12 weeks with a range between 10 to 36 weeks. Majority (n=15, 75.0%) presented in the 3rd trimester. At presentation, the frequently involved fascial space was unilateral submandibular space (n=10; 50.0%), All the patients had incision/drainage/decompression on the dental chair under local anesthesia (2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline). The mean length of hospital stay was 13.9 ± 6.2 days with a range of 6 to 26 days. The mortality rate was 15% (n=3 cases). Conclusion: There is a need for oral health evaluation in pregnant women during ante-natal visits to prevent these complications. Oral health education should also form part of teachings received by women both in the ante-natal and postnatal clinics.

scholarly journals Temporal space infection secondary to recurrent buccal space infection from mandibular deciduous molar in 7-year-old child: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Sourav Rout ◽  
Shailesh Gautam ◽  
Arun Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Space Infection ◽  
Temporal Space ◽  
Fascial Space

Head and neck space infections are usually secondary to odontogenic infections due to translocation of oral microbes to fascial space via odontogenic route resulting in progression by enzymatic degradation of connective tissue. Various factors like microbiological, host, nutritional and socioeconomic factors are responsible for progression of fascial space infection that might take fatal course if not treated in time. The present case report describes a child with fascial space infection of oral and maxillofacial region who was treated by incision and drainage in department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of this hospital. Fascial space infections are one of the surgical emergencies and need to be addressed in early stage as it has rapid regional and systemic progression leading to fatal outcome. It is multifactorial and all need to be addressed. Incision and drainage with removal of cause with antimicrobial therapy is treatment modality of space infection. Inadequate drainage might lead to recurrence of infection and progression to distant secondary spaces.

scholarly journals Timing and reasons for antenatal care booking among women in a tertiary health care center in Southern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntiense Macaulay Utuk ◽  
Anyiekere Ekanem ◽  
Aniekan Monday Abasiattai
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antenatal care is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood and its benefits in preventing adverse feto-maternal outcome is proven. Commencement of antenatal care early has been shown to be key for this benefit to be fully realized. The aim of this study was to determine the antenatal booking pattern of pregnant women and its determinants in our environment.Methods: A cross sectional study of women attending the booking clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria over a three-month period.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.5 years. The mean gestational age at booking was 18.3 weeks. The majority of the patients were married (94.1%). 68.1% had a post-secondary education. 33.5% of patients were nultiparous, while 3.5% were grand multiparous. The majority of patients (72.4%) booked late for antenatal care. Age group, marital status, mode of delivery was not significantly associated with timing of booking. High levels of patient’s education, high levels of husband’s education as well as grand multiparity were significantly associated with late booking (P<0.05). Majority (65.4%) of patients claimed that it was safe to book at any time during pregnancy.Conclusions: The majority of women booked late for antenatal care. In our study, we have found that general and health education, subsidisation of cost for antenatal care and introduction of focused antenatal care will help to reverse this trend.

scholarly journals To measure angle of anterior chamber using Topcon SD-OCT: A new technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Nida Khan ◽  
Prakash Agarwal ◽  
Saroj Gupta ◽  
Khalid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Temporal Quadrant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sd Oct

The proposed new method of measuring angle of anterior chamber is an effective method of measuring the angles. Identification of narrow anterior chamber angle is important for glaucoma screening and prophylactic treatment prevents acute angle closure glaucoma event.Aim of this study wasto measure the angle of anterior chamber using Topcon spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).In this cross-sectional study 120 normal subjects above the age of 40 years were enrolled. The study was done at the tertiary health care center of central Indian. All volunteers had visual acuity of at least 6/9 with no ocular diseases. Using OCT the angle opening distance (AOD-500), trabecular–iris angle (TIA) and trabecular-iris space area (TISA-500) were measured. In this study the mean AOD was 0.430 µm in nasal and 0.433 µm in temporal quadrant. The mean TISA in nasal was 0.405 µm and temporal quadrant was 0.408 µm. While the mean trabecular iris angle (TIA) was 26.9° in nasal and 26.01° in temporal quadrant. The study proved that the proposed method of measuring AOD, TISA, TIA is the effective method as the Topcon-2000 OCT does not have any inbuilt software like that of other ASOCT machines.

scholarly journals The Development of Large Radicular Cysts in Endodontically Versus Non-Endodontically Treated Maxillary Teeth

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Ruth Schvartzman Cohen ◽  
Tomer Goldberger ◽  
Ina Merzlak ◽  
Igor Tsesis ◽  
Gavriel Chaushu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maximal Dimension ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives: Large radicular cysts of the maxilla present a clinical challenge, as they may cause recurrent infection, severe alveolar bone loss and disruption of the nasal and maxillary sinus floors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of previous root canal treatment on the clinical presentation of large maxillary radicular cysts. Materials and Methods: All cases of radicular cysts treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of a tertiary public hospital over a period of six years (2012–2018) were evaluated. Histologically confirmed radicular cysts of the maxilla with a maximal dimension of over 15 mm were included. Demographic data of the patients, clinical presentation and radiographic features of the lesions were analyzed. Results: A total of 211 inflammatory cysts were treated in the study period, of these 54 histologically diagnosed radicular cysts in the maxilla were found to have a maximal dimension of over 15 mm. The mean age of patients with large maxillary radicular cysts was 43.3 years, 57.6% of which were male and 42.4% female. The lateral incisor was the most common tooth affected (46.3%). The mean size of the large radicular cysts was 25 mm. Then, 83.8% of the cysts were observed in teeth with previous endodontic treatment. Teeth without endodontic treatment presented clinically with significantly fewer acute symptoms in comparison to teeth with previous endodontic treatment. Conclusions: the vast majority (83.8%) of large maxillary radicular cysts were associated with endodontically treated teeth. Previous endodontic treatment was correlated to increased frequency of clinical symptoms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Secondary Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis of Jaw in 15 Cases: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Manekar ◽  
Vandana Gadve ◽  
Vijaya Dhote ◽  
Sulabha Radke
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Common Causes

Introduction: Chronic osteomyelitis may become a refractory condition and is more difficult to treat. Therefore, for correct diagnosis and evaluation of chronic osteomylitis, primary health care practitioners must have knowledge of signs and symptoms associated with osteomyelitis for effective management. Aim: To evaluate secondary chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of jaw in 15 cases. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients treated for maxillo-mandibular secondary chronic osteomyelitis over a period of six years (January 2013 to December 2018) in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. This study was carried out in between November 2019 to November 2020. A total of fifteen cases were identified which were diagnosed as Secondary Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis (SCO) and treated for same. The cases were evaluated for demographic data, risk factors, aetiology, clinical presentation, radiological findings and the management. Data was collected through retrospective search of records and was arranged in descriptive tabular format without statistical analysis. Results: Out of 15 cases 9 (60%) were female. The patients ranged in age from 21 to 56 years with a mean age of 36.6±9.0 years. The mean age at first symptoms was 35.5 years (20-55), with a standard deviation of 9.12 years. The distribution of osteomyelitis in the jaws was dominated by the cases that occurred in the mandible i.e., 73.33% (11 cases) and the maxilla 26.66% (four cases) with most common involved site was body and angle region of mandible (eight cases) followed by premolar region two cases and anterior region one case. In this study, five cases (33.33%) had carious lesion and seven cases (46.67%) had infected extraction socket. Other causes of infection were osteoradionecrosis in one case and superimposed infection like mucormycosis in two cases. The most common causes of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws were directly related to odontogenic infections like infected unhealed socket. Decortication and curettage was done in four cases. Decortication and sequestrectomy were performed in five cases and debridement of necrosed bone in three cases. Sinus opening, debridement of necrosed wall and packing were done in three cases of SCO involving maxilla. Duration of antibiotic therapy in all patients averaged five weeks. Conclusion: The accurate diagnosis with the help of recent imaging techniques, adequate antibiotic therapy as well as surgical treatment was keys for the success of SCO management.

scholarly journals Oral health conditions among pregnant women attended to at a health care center in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Borges Bressane ◽  
Lívea Nancy Bulcão da Silva Costa ◽  
Janete Maria Rebelo Vieira ◽  
Maria Augusta Bessa Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Health Care Center

scholarly journals Association of Midfacial Fractures with Ophthalmic Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 099-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinus Politis ◽  
Alexandra Kluyskens ◽  
Titiaan Dormaar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Midfacial Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of ophthalmic complications following midfacial fractures and investigate its relation to surgical or nonsurgical treatment. This article is a retrospective study, describing the spectrum and incidence of ophthalmic injury in 106 patients presenting with midfacial fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Hospitals Leuven over a period of 16 months (January 2013 to April 2014). The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years with a gender distribution of 68 men and 38 women. The main cause of trauma was road traffic accidents. Forty-one patients suffered an ophthalmic injury following the fracture. Twelve of them had a persistent ophthalmic problem. Ophthalmic examination is necessary during the initial management. The time window for preservation of sight is small and treatment should be started immediately. Development of an emergency trauma scale that includes fractures, symptoms of visual impairment, and patient history is recommended and should stimulate a multidisciplinary approach of complex cases.

scholarly journals A Survey of Orthognathic Surgeries in the Kyoto Oral Health Care Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital in Last Six Years

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROKI MORI ◽  
MAKI HANAI ◽  
MEGUMI HAMANOUE ◽  
YOKO SHIRAI ◽  
MASAKI FURUHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Health Care Center
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