scholarly journals Evaluation of Secondary Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis of Jaw in 15 Cases: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Manekar ◽  
Vandana Gadve ◽  
Vijaya Dhote ◽  
Sulabha Radke
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Common Causes

Introduction: Chronic osteomyelitis may become a refractory condition and is more difficult to treat. Therefore, for correct diagnosis and evaluation of chronic osteomylitis, primary health care practitioners must have knowledge of signs and symptoms associated with osteomyelitis for effective management. Aim: To evaluate secondary chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of jaw in 15 cases. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients treated for maxillo-mandibular secondary chronic osteomyelitis over a period of six years (January 2013 to December 2018) in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. This study was carried out in between November 2019 to November 2020. A total of fifteen cases were identified which were diagnosed as Secondary Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis (SCO) and treated for same. The cases were evaluated for demographic data, risk factors, aetiology, clinical presentation, radiological findings and the management. Data was collected through retrospective search of records and was arranged in descriptive tabular format without statistical analysis. Results: Out of 15 cases 9 (60%) were female. The patients ranged in age from 21 to 56 years with a mean age of 36.6±9.0 years. The mean age at first symptoms was 35.5 years (20-55), with a standard deviation of 9.12 years. The distribution of osteomyelitis in the jaws was dominated by the cases that occurred in the mandible i.e., 73.33% (11 cases) and the maxilla 26.66% (four cases) with most common involved site was body and angle region of mandible (eight cases) followed by premolar region two cases and anterior region one case. In this study, five cases (33.33%) had carious lesion and seven cases (46.67%) had infected extraction socket. Other causes of infection were osteoradionecrosis in one case and superimposed infection like mucormycosis in two cases. The most common causes of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws were directly related to odontogenic infections like infected unhealed socket. Decortication and curettage was done in four cases. Decortication and sequestrectomy were performed in five cases and debridement of necrosed bone in three cases. Sinus opening, debridement of necrosed wall and packing were done in three cases of SCO involving maxilla. Duration of antibiotic therapy in all patients averaged five weeks. Conclusion: The accurate diagnosis with the help of recent imaging techniques, adequate antibiotic therapy as well as surgical treatment was keys for the success of SCO management.

Epidemiologic evaluation of maxillofacial infections and their risk factors and associated complications in a one year period in Shariati hospital in 2013-2014

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mahmood Hashemi ◽  
Reza Sharifi ◽  
Mahboube Hasheminasab ◽  
Mostafa Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Buccal Space ◽  
Maxillofacial Infections

Purpose: Maxillofacial infections (MIs) commonly occur in patients of all ages, representing a life-threatening challenge when reaching deep facial spaces. The epidemiologic studies of MIs and their characteristics are very important and beneficial for both patients and clinicians. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study was to determine the annual incidence, etiology, risk factors and complications of MIs in all patients who were admitted to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the Shariati hospital during a 1-year period. Material and methods: The demographic data, levels of some serum markers on day of admission, such aserythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), bandemia, serum albumin, predisposing factors for each patient referred for treatment of MI were recorded by one researcher in November 2013 to November 2014. The linear regression test was used to evaluate whether there was a relationship between the amount of changes in ESR, CRP and albumin levels and age of the patients, pregnancy, gender and severity of infection. Panoramic radiography as well as axial and coronal CT scans with soft tissue window were performed for all cases, except pregnant participants. The origin of MIs, including odontogenic, pathologic and foreign body, was identified for each patient. Results:During the study period, a total of 157 patients (87 female, 70 male), with an age range of 3 to 74 years (mean, 23.5±13.2 years), were admitted to the department of maxillofacial surgery. Regardless of the gender, the most frequent cause of MIs was odontogenic sources (128 cases, 81.5%). The most common affected area was the buccal space with 106 positive cases (67.5%). The most common teeth responsible for maxillofacial fascial space infection were mandibular third molars. A positive association was found between CRP and ESR levels and the severity of infections. Serum albumin and ESR levels were significantly reduced and increased in the patients with severe infection and pregnant patients, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that odontogenic origins were the main cause of MIs and the most common involved space was the buccal space. Diabetes mellitus was the most commonly found systemic disease among the participants of this study. The findings of this study suggest that dentists should consider that the most appropriate treatment of odontogenic infections involves surgical intervention and selection of a suitable antibiotic as an adjunct.

scholarly journals A szellemi fogyatékosok fogászati-szájsebészeti ellátásának múltja, jelene és remélt jövője Magyarországon

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (35) ◽  
pp. 1380-1386
Author(s):  
Ilona Szmirnova ◽  
Emese Gellérd ◽  
Gábor Tamás Pintér ◽  
György Szmirnov ◽  
Zsolt Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Mentally Disabled ◽  
The Past

Abstract: Introduction: Dental care for mentally disabled people poses a growing challenge for healthcare. In Hungary, the number of mentally disabled people needing special dental care is ca. 100 000. Aim: The aim of our retrospective analysis is to provide a summary of the demographic data and the treatment outcomes of patients with mental disorders treated at the Department of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Semmelweis University in the past five years. Method: Dental care for patients with a severe level of mental disability can be carried out in general anaesthesia only. At Semmelweis University, in the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, 1717 mentally disabled adults received dental care during the past five years. (Patients included people with a mild, medium or severe level of mental disability, patients with Down’s syndrome, autism, epilepsy or panic disorder.) Results: The single biggest achievement seems to be the fact that the issue of acute dental care and oral surgery has basically been settled. A workable relationship has been forged with foundations and organizations dealing with the problems of these patients. It has been realized, however, that in the case of mentally disabled patients there is an enormous need for prevention and ongoing care. Conclusions: Up to now no survey has been carried out in Hungary with the aim of objectively revealing the dental care needs of these patients. Internationally, however, several surveys have been published. It can be stated on the basis of these that both caries frequency and the presence of parodontal diseases increase in correlation with age and the level of disability. Oral hygiene is insufficient, patients or their caretakers do not get proper information, only a few of them receive adequate training and they are not motivated to keep up oral health. Dental care, except for tending acute cases, is not satisfactory. For the sake of prevention, cooperation is needed with non-governmental organizations, foundations, special education teachers and psychiatrists specialized in this field. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(35): 1380–1386.

scholarly journals The Development of Large Radicular Cysts in Endodontically Versus Non-Endodontically Treated Maxillary Teeth

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Ruth Schvartzman Cohen ◽  
Tomer Goldberger ◽  
Ina Merzlak ◽  
Igor Tsesis ◽  
Gavriel Chaushu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maximal Dimension ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives: Large radicular cysts of the maxilla present a clinical challenge, as they may cause recurrent infection, severe alveolar bone loss and disruption of the nasal and maxillary sinus floors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of previous root canal treatment on the clinical presentation of large maxillary radicular cysts. Materials and Methods: All cases of radicular cysts treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of a tertiary public hospital over a period of six years (2012–2018) were evaluated. Histologically confirmed radicular cysts of the maxilla with a maximal dimension of over 15 mm were included. Demographic data of the patients, clinical presentation and radiographic features of the lesions were analyzed. Results: A total of 211 inflammatory cysts were treated in the study period, of these 54 histologically diagnosed radicular cysts in the maxilla were found to have a maximal dimension of over 15 mm. The mean age of patients with large maxillary radicular cysts was 43.3 years, 57.6% of which were male and 42.4% female. The lateral incisor was the most common tooth affected (46.3%). The mean size of the large radicular cysts was 25 mm. Then, 83.8% of the cysts were observed in teeth with previous endodontic treatment. Teeth without endodontic treatment presented clinically with significantly fewer acute symptoms in comparison to teeth with previous endodontic treatment. Conclusions: the vast majority (83.8%) of large maxillary radicular cysts were associated with endodontically treated teeth. Previous endodontic treatment was correlated to increased frequency of clinical symptoms.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATING BILIARY ATRESIA FROM OTHER CAUSES OF CHOLESTASIS JAUNDICE IN INFANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Oanh Bui
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Neonatal Hepatitis ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Infantile Cholestasis ◽  
Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis

Aim: The aim of this study is to find out the cholestatic etiologies in infants and differences of clinical features, laboratory investigations between biliary atresia and other causes of cholestasis at Vietnam Children Hospital. Background: Cholestasis is defined as reduced bile formation or biliary flow. It results of varied causes. Early detection of biliary atresia is to intervene in time and have the best outcome. Patient and methods: In this retrospective study, 305 infants under 12 months of age with cholestasis were studied in Vietnam Children Hospital during 1/2017-7/2018. Demographic data, duration of jaundice, signs and symptoms as well as laboratory, imaging, liver biopsy and the causes of cholestasis were recorded, divided into 2 group BA and Non-BA. Results: 305 infants (194 boys, 111 girls) with cholestasis and mean age of 83,22±72,10 days were included in the study. The most common causes of cholestasis were idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (33,8%), biliary atresia (25,9%), cytomegalovirus infection (21,6%). In BA group, pale stool (100%), Hepatomegaly (98,7%);  increasing less AST, ALT, more GGT level than Non-BA. Find out GGT cutoff > 212,05 UI/l in diagnosing BA. Conclusion: Biliary atresia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis are the most common causes of infantile cholestasis. Pale stool, hepatomegaly and GGT elevation > 212,05 UI/l are the most reliable tests for diagnosing BA.  

scholarly journals Treatment of maxillary osteomyelitis after facial trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-708
Author(s):  
José Carlos Garcia de Mendonça ◽  
Fabio Nakao Arashiro ◽  
Maísa de Oliveira Aguillera ◽  
Muryllo Eduardo Sales dos Santos ◽  
Gustavo Silva Pelissaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Individualized Treatment ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
History Of

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory condition in the medullary spaces or the cortical surface of bones. It can be acute or chronic and extend beyond the original site. Also, it can be caused by several factors, among them as a result of untreated dental trauma. Correct diagnosis and individualized treatment are essential for success. The aim is to report a case of chronic osteomyelitis due to a history of dental trauma in the anterior region of the maxilla in a 21-years-old patient without associated comorbidities, focusing on the success of the therapy employed. It is known that the treatment of osteomyelitis is still a challenge because of the microbiota present. The treatment recommended with higher success rates is the removal of bone sequestration associated with antibiotic therapy, which has shown satisfactory results and maintenance of the dental elements in function.

scholarly journals Feasibility of three-dimensional CT reconstruction in assessing mandibular fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e219912
Author(s):  
Victor Nogueira Moura ◽  
Emerson Nogueira ◽  
Ewerton Daniel Rocha Rodrigues ◽  
Caio Gonçalves Silva ◽  
Ricardo José De Holanda Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
3D Ct ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3D Computed Tomography

Aim: Evaluation of the reliability of 3D computed tomography (3D-CT) in the diagnosis of mandibular fractures. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative and qualitative study was carried out, through the application of a questionnaire for 70 professionals in the area of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Radiology. 3D-CT images of mandibular fractures were delivered to the interviewees along with a questionnaire. Participants answered about the number of traces, the region and the type of fracture. The correct diagnosis, that is, the expected answer, was based on the reports of a specialist in oral and maxillofacial radiology after viewing the images in the axial, sagittal and coronal sections. The resulting data from the interviewees was compared with the expected answer and then, the data was analyzed statistically. Results: In the sample 56.9% were between 22 and 30 years old, 52.8% were oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMF), 34.7% were residents in OMF surgery and 12.5% OMF radiologists. Each professional answered 15 questions (related to five patients) and 50.8% of the total of these was answered correctly. Specialists in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology correctly answered 53.9%. Interviewees with experience between 6 and 10 years correctly answered 58.2%. In identifying fracture traces, 46.1% of the questions were answered correctly. In terms of location, 5.6% of interviewees answered wrongly while 14.2% answered wrongly regarding classification. Conclusion: 3D computed tomography did not prove to be a reliable image for diagnosing mandibular fractures when used alone. This made necessary an association with axial, sagittal and coronal tomographic sections.

scholarly journals Prevention of Inflammatory Complications upon Surgeries in Maxillofacial Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Tymofieiev ◽  
Natalia Ushko ◽  
Oleksandr Tymofieiev ◽  
Maria Yarifa ◽  
Ievgen Fesenko
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Oral Microflora ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy

Conducting of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in patient after surgical interventions in oral and maxillofacial surgery reduces the incidence of postoperative infectious complications. The analysis of the clean, conditionally clean, dirty (potentially infected), and purulent surgeries is performed. The general questions of prophylaxis of infection complications in plastic, orthognathic, purulent surgeries, and oral microflora are considered. Consecutive cases of postoperative complications and purulent conditions at the head and neck areas are presented. Recommendations on the antibiotic prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery are given.

scholarly journals Metastatic tumors to the oral cavity – A retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Rare Finding

Objectives: Metastatic tumors to the oral cavity are observed extremely rarely, accounting for approximately 1% of all malignant oral lesions. The purpose of our study is to record and analyze the data of the patients who revealed metastasis to the oral cavity. Material and Methods: The records of the patients diagnosed with oral metastases who were admitted to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Departments from 1996 to 2018 were reviewed and analyzed for demographic data and outcomes. Results: Over a period of 22 years (from 1996 to 2018), 22 patients were admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Departments of General Hospital G. Papanikolaou and Theageneion Anticancer Hospital with oral metastasic tumors from a distant primary site. Conclusions: Metastasis to the oral cavity is a very rare finding but it exists so we have to be aware of it and have in mind the possibility of this condition.

scholarly journals Removal of dental surgical bur from maxillary sinus: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18224
Author(s):  
Yeon Jung Kim ◽  
Ana Maria Barg da Silva ◽  
Mirko Dennys Ayala Perez ◽  
Heloisa F. Marão ◽  
Debora Pallos
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Third Molar Extraction

The most commonly performed surgical procedure in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery practices are the removal of impacted third molars. Extensive training, skill and experience allow this procedure to be performed in an atraumatic approach. The aim of this study was to drawing attention to the importance of the correct management of the complications cases of foreign body inside maxillary sinus after surgical removal of maxillary third molars. This is an unusual clinical case of a dental surgical bur accidentally displacement into the maxillary sinus during an upper third molar extraction surgery. After removal, the clinical case showed a satisfactory repair emphasizing the importance of a meticulous clinical examination to achieve a correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan, which is essential for a favorable prognosis.

scholarly journals Odontogenic Cervicofacial Infection in Pregnancy: A Need for Oral Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Fomete ◽  
Rowland Agbara ◽  
Kelvin Uchenna Omeje ◽  
Adekunle Olanrewaju Oguntayo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fascial Space

Objective: During pregnancy, changes occur in the oral environment with gingivitis predominating. The development of odontogenic infections within the period of pregnancy may endanger the life of the mother as well as that of her unborn baby. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study of cases of cervicofacial infection in women during pregnancy was conducted at the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic of a northern Nigerian tertiary health care center from January 2006 to June 2018. Results: Seventy women were managed for cervicofacial infection during the period reviewed, out of which 20 women (28.6%) presented during pregnancy. Their mean age was 33.8 ± 9.35 years with a range of 20 to 55 years. The 30-39 years age bracket had the highest frequency (40%) and the mean duration of pregnancy at presentation was 24.9 ± 11.12 weeks with a range between 10 to 36 weeks. Majority (n=15, 75.0%) presented in the 3rd trimester. At presentation, the frequently involved fascial space was unilateral submandibular space (n=10; 50.0%), All the patients had incision/drainage/decompression on the dental chair under local anesthesia (2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline). The mean length of hospital stay was 13.9 ± 6.2 days with a range of 6 to 26 days. The mortality rate was 15% (n=3 cases). Conclusion: There is a need for oral health evaluation in pregnant women during ante-natal visits to prevent these complications. Oral health education should also form part of teachings received by women both in the ante-natal and postnatal clinics.

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