scholarly journals To measure angle of anterior chamber using Topcon SD-OCT: A new technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Nida Khan ◽  
Prakash Agarwal ◽  
Saroj Gupta ◽  
Khalid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Temporal Quadrant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sd Oct

The proposed new method of measuring angle of anterior chamber is an effective method of measuring the angles. Identification of narrow anterior chamber angle is important for glaucoma screening and prophylactic treatment prevents acute angle closure glaucoma event.Aim of this study wasto measure the angle of anterior chamber using Topcon spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).In this cross-sectional study 120 normal subjects above the age of 40 years were enrolled. The study was done at the tertiary health care center of central Indian. All volunteers had visual acuity of at least 6/9 with no ocular diseases. Using OCT the angle opening distance (AOD-500), trabecular–iris angle (TIA) and trabecular-iris space area (TISA-500) were measured. In this study the mean AOD was 0.430 µm in nasal and 0.433 µm in temporal quadrant. The mean TISA in nasal was 0.405 µm and temporal quadrant was 0.408 µm. While the mean trabecular iris angle (TIA) was 26.9° in nasal and 26.01° in temporal quadrant. The study proved that the proposed method of measuring AOD, TISA, TIA is the effective method as the Topcon-2000 OCT does not have any inbuilt software like that of other ASOCT machines.

scholarly journals Timing and reasons for antenatal care booking among women in a tertiary health care center in Southern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntiense Macaulay Utuk ◽  
Anyiekere Ekanem ◽  
Aniekan Monday Abasiattai
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antenatal care is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood and its benefits in preventing adverse feto-maternal outcome is proven. Commencement of antenatal care early has been shown to be key for this benefit to be fully realized. The aim of this study was to determine the antenatal booking pattern of pregnant women and its determinants in our environment.Methods: A cross sectional study of women attending the booking clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria over a three-month period.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.5 years. The mean gestational age at booking was 18.3 weeks. The majority of the patients were married (94.1%). 68.1% had a post-secondary education. 33.5% of patients were nultiparous, while 3.5% were grand multiparous. The majority of patients (72.4%) booked late for antenatal care. Age group, marital status, mode of delivery was not significantly associated with timing of booking. High levels of patient’s education, high levels of husband’s education as well as grand multiparity were significantly associated with late booking (P<0.05). Majority (65.4%) of patients claimed that it was safe to book at any time during pregnancy.Conclusions: The majority of women booked late for antenatal care. In our study, we have found that general and health education, subsidisation of cost for antenatal care and introduction of focused antenatal care will help to reverse this trend.

scholarly journals Ocular Biometry among primary angle closure

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Dakki Sherpa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Angle Closure ◽  
Ocular Biometry ◽  
Lens Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine ocular biometry of primary angle closure. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional compara­tive study was carried out in Nepal Eye Hospital including thirty-six eyes of 29 diagnosed cases of primary angle closure and 44 eyes of 22 normal subjects selected by convenience sampling technique. A complete ocular examination of all the subjects was carried out. AL, ACD and LD measurement was done using ultrasound A scan. Result: Out of 80 eyes, there were 36 eyes of 29 diagnosed primary angle closure subjects and 44 eyes of 22 normal subjects. The mean age of primary angle closure patients were 61. 65+/- 10.44. The mean AL of PAC was 22.15mm +/-0.76. The mean AL of control group was 22.98 mm with SD of 0.63. The mean ACD of PAC patients were 2.85mm and SD of 0.46 and the mean ACD of control group was 3.59 with SD of .40. The mean lens diameter of PAC group was 4.57 mm +/- 0.58 and the mean LD of control group was 4.43mm +/- 0.54. The Sig (2-tailed) test showed: Age: 0.268, AL: 0.001, ACD: 0.000 and LD: 0.466. Conclusion: This study reveals that short AL and shallow ACD is a strong risk factor of primary angle closure. Though LD more than 4.5 mm is a risk factor of primary angle closure it is not statistically significant.

scholarly journals To Study the Anthropometric Measurements of the Neonates between 28 to 42 Weeks of Gestational Age at the Tertiary Health Care Center, Bhavnagar, Gujarat

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shreya A. Patel ◽  
Jayendra R. Gohil ◽  
Vibhuti D. Gamit ◽  
Mamta K. Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
The Mean

Aims: To study the anthropometric measurements of the neonates between 28 to 42 weeks of gestational age. To express them as smoothed percentiles and obtain their correlation with the constant.  Comparing the data trend with the Shah Study conducted twelve years ago in the same institute. Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study of 500 (selected out of 1223 by convenience sampling) live new-borns, 28 to 42 weeks gestational age (confirmed by Ballard score) was conducted in NICU and post-natal ward, Sir-T hospital, Bhavnagar. Infantometer and non-stretchable measuring tape were used for measurements.  Results: Demographic data- female, male: [247 (49.4%), 253 (50.6%)]. The newborns weighing < 2.499 kg were n= 193(38.6%), 2.500- 3.00 kg n=247(49.4%) and > 3.00 kg n= 60(12%). 244 newborns were <37 weeks old (48.8%) and 256 were 37- 42 weeks old (51.2%), with 37 weeks old contributing n=167(33.4%). The male newborn had higher anthropometric variable than female: Weight, Crown Heel Length, Head Circumference, Chest Circumference, Ponderal Index, Thigh Circumference, Mid Arm Circumference, Foot Length were 2.500, 46.73, 31.65, 29.69, 2.38, 12.06, 8.4, 6.79 of female and 2.595, 47.43, 32.08, 29.95, 2.39, 12.19, 8.2, 7.13 of male respectively, except in MAC. By comparing the mean of the parameters of 34 to 38 week newborns, the mean of TC and MAC of the present study was found to be increased than in Shah Study. Similarly, the mean of weight in 34, 36, 37 and 38, CHL in 36 and 38, the HC  in 36, 37 and 38, the CC in 34, 35, 36 and 37, the FL in 35 and 37, and the Ponderal Index in 34, 35 and 38 week newborns, of present study was increased, as compared to Shah Study. By Pearson’s correlation, the maximum association was found with TC (r 0.934), followed by PI (0.868) and HC (0.844) in the present study and with TC (0.966) in Shah Study. The intrauterine growth curves were constructed by plotting percentile values of each anthropometric parameter against gestational age in weeks. Conclusion: The nutrition has improved in the near term and full-term neonates. The percentile charts constructed in accordance with current data trends thus can be utilised regionally.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anterior chamber volume using Pentacam and anterior segment optical coherence tomography among normal subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Vijaya Anandan ◽  
Rekha Srinivasan ◽  
Rashima Asokan ◽  
Ronnie George
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Anterior Chamber Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
The Mean

Aim: To compare the anterior chamber volume measurements obtained with Pentacam and derived from anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We included normal subjects who underwent a comprehensive eye examination including refraction, keratometry, Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.; Dublin, CA, USA) and Pentacam (Oculus Inc.; Lynnwood, WA, USA). Fifty scans were selected for Pentacam and 12 images were selected for calculation of anterior chamber volume. Only the right eye was considered for analysis. Results: One-hundred and nineteen eyes of 119 subjects were included for analysis. The mean age of the subjects was 42.58 ± 13.15 years, of which 74 were female and 45 were male. The mean anterior chamber volume measured using AS-OCT was 119.17 ± 26.56 mm3 and with Pentacam was 131.29 ± 34.26 mm3. The comparison of means between the two modalities was statistically significant (t = -8.857, Mean Difference (MD) = 12.11, 95% CI: (4.29, 19.95), p = 0.003). Bland-Altman plot showed poor agreement between the chamber volume measurements obtained by Pentacam and AS-OCT with MD of 12.1 mm3 (95 % CI: 41.4 to -17.1) and intra-class correlation between the two instruments was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91, 0.96) (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The anterior chamber volume can be measured using Pentacam as well as AS-OCT since these measurements were reliable. However, these measurements were not interchangeable due to poor levels of agreement.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the Non-Contact Tonometry in Out-Patient Screening

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Solomon T Selvin ◽  
Chris Elsa Samson Jacob ◽  
Thomas Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is considered the gold standard for Intraocular Pressure (IOP) measurement. It has the disadvantages of being a contact device, need for a slit-lamp, non-portability and need of a skilled examiner. Many hospitals are using a Non Contact Tonometry (NCT) as a screening device to save clinician time, however the usefulness is not proved in terms of reliability. This study was aimed to determine the usefulness of the Air-puff tonometer (TONOREF NIDEK II, NIDEK CO., LTD., JAPAN) over a GAT in a tertiary care center. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: This was a cross-sectional, non interventional observational study conducted on 224 eyes (right eye) from 224 patients. All patients underwent the IOP measurement with both methods and a central corneal thickness (CCT) measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.3±11.29 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean NCT and GAT readings which persisted even after correction for central corneal thickness. The correlation between NCT and GAT using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was strong irrespective of the corrections for their corneal thickness (r = 0.751 and 0.718 for uncorrected and corrected values respectively). The correlation of the individual clinicians for the readings varied from moderate to strong. The ROC curve showed the best sensitivity and specificity to occur at around 13 to 14 mmHg. Conclusion: NCT seems to overestimate the IOP at low ranges as compared to the GAT and underestimate at higher ranges. The crossover of the values is seen between 12 to 13 mmHg.  The clinician should do an individualized analysis of his/her GAT measurements to the readings of the NCT machine at the clinic to obtain clinician specific nomogram. 

scholarly journals Aphakic Pupillary Block by an Intact Anterior Vitreous Membrane after Total Lens Extraction by Phacoemulsification

2021 ◽  
pp. 882-888
Author(s):  
Michihiro Kono ◽  
Akiko Ishida ◽  
Sho Ichioka ◽  
Masato Matsuo ◽  
Hiroshi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Pupillary Block ◽  
Lens Extraction ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Acute Angle Closure ◽  
Vitreous Prolapse

An 85-year-old Japanese woman with acute primary angle closure in her right eye underwent cataract extraction. Because of the weakness of the Zinn’s zonules, all of the lens tissue including the lens capsule was removed by phacoemulsification. Because of the absence of vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, vitrectomy was not performed. Nine days postoperatively, acute angle closure due to pupillary block by an anterior vitreous membrane developed. To resolve the pupillary block, anterior vitrectomy was performed on the same day. Postoperatively, her symptoms resolved, the anterior chamber deepened, and the intraocular pressure normalized. Although rare, acute angle closure due to pupillary block by an anterior vitreous membrane can occur after total lens extraction with phacoemulsification. If no vitreous prolapse occurs with total lens extraction, an intentional hyaloidotomy using an anterior vitreous cutter or iridectomy should be considered to avoid secondary angle closure.

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