scholarly journals The Importance of Implementation of Hand Hygiene Practice in Reducing Healthcare-associated Infections: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Y Andriani ◽  
M Nadjib
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

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scholarly journals Compliance with Hand Hygiene Among Healthcare Workers in Preventing Healthcare Associated Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Ema Buković ◽  
Damir Važanić ◽  
Adriano Friganović ◽  
Vesna Svirčević ◽  
Cecilija Rotim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Hand Hygiene Improvement ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction: Healthcare associated infections (HCAIs) represent a major public health issue. In Europe, 37 000 patients are affected annually by some sort of HCAI. HCAIs are preventable, and hand hygiene is an important measure in their prevention. During daily clinical practice, hands of healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to surfaces, various substances and objects; therefore, proper hand hygiene is the first step in preventing microorganism transmission. Aim: To determine the HCWs hand hygiene compliance with the guidelines of the World Health Organization through a systematic review of literature. Methods: A systematic review of literature based on the PRISMA statement guidelines using the PubMed database in a search for articles that evaluate the hand hygiene compliance among HCWs. Results: Six articles were taken into consideration by the availability of full-text articles and years of publication between 2010 and 2020. Results showed that compliance rate was the highest in studies that implemented World Health Organisation’s Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy or its modifications. Conclusion: The multimodal approach, as World Health Organisation’s multimodal strategy or its local modifications, has been shown as the best approach addressing the problem of hand hygiene compliance. Further areas for research include finding a better method of measuring compliance, technology-driven solutions for both delivery of alcohol-based handrub and monitoring of its use, a greater focus on evaluating proper hand hygiene techniques, and insuring longer-term programs of training and education to achieve the best effectiveness of hand hygiene compliance among HCWs.

scholarly journals The financial impact of improved hand hygiene on healthcare-associated infections in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Katie-Rose Cawthorne Cawthorne ◽  
Jason Dean ◽  
Richard PD Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

Background: Though high hand hygiene (HH) levels significantly reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), the current cost of HCAIs and the impact of optimal HH practices on HCAIs are poorly defined. The last NHS England financial assessment was in 2009. Methods: The number of HCAIs per bed per year for NHS England were calculated and average costs were attributed using data from three sources; National Audit Office report, a commercially available calculator, and a financial analysis by a specialist paediatric hospital in England. Improved HH compliance for NHS England was based on a sustained rise in compliance rates from 50 to 80% combined with an HCAI reduction of at least 20%. The cost savings based on such improvements were then calculated. Results: In 2020, it is estimated that the number of HCAIs per bed per year ranges from 3.0 to 9.3, with a midpoint of 5.1. The direct costs of HCAI to NHS England were found to lie between £1.6 and £5 billion. Based on a 20% reduction in HCAI rates, this could lead to cost savings of between £322 million and £1 billion per year. Conclusion: Current direct costs of HCAIs consume approximately 1.3% to 4.1% of NHS England’s annual budget. Improving HH compliance among healthcare workers can lead to significant cost savings. There appears to be a strong financial argument for investment into innovative HH compliance technologies that have been historically perceived as too expensive.

scholarly journals The preventable proportion of healthcare-associated infections 2005–2016: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1277-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Schreiber ◽  
Hugo Sax ◽  
Aline Wolfensberger ◽  
Lauren Clack ◽  
Stefan P. Kuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Multifaceted Interventions ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

AbstractObjectiveThe preventable proportion of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) may decrease over time as standards of care improve. We aimed to assess the proportion of HAIs prevented by multifaceted infection control interventions in different economic settings.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched OVID Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library for studies published between 2005 and 2016 assessing multifaceted interventions to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), surgical site infections (SSIs), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and hospital-acquired pneumonia not associated with mechanical ventilation (HAP) in acute-care or long-term care settings. For studies reporting raw rates, we extracted data and calculated the natural log of the risk ratio and variance to obtain pooled risk ratio estimates.ResultsOf the 5,226 articles identified by our search, 144 studies were included in the final analysis. Pooled incidence rate ratios associated with multifaceted interventions were 0.543 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.445–0.662) for CAUTI, 0.459 (95% CI, 0.381–0.554) for CLABSI, and 0.553 (95% CI, 0.465–0.657) for VAP. The pooled rate ratio was 0.461 (95% CI, 0.389–0.546) for interventions aiming at SSI reduction, and for VAP reduction initiatives, the pooled rate ratios were 0.611 (95% CI, 0.414–0.900) for before-and-after studies and 0.509 (95% CI, 0.277–0.937) for randomized controlled trials. Reductions in infection rates were independent of the economic status of the study country. The risk of bias was high in 143 of 144 studies (99.3%).ConclusionsPublished evidence suggests a sustained potential for the significant reduction of HAI rates in the range of 35%–55% associated with multifaceted interventions irrespective of a country’s income level.

scholarly journals 1314. From Book to Bedside: Theoretical and Applied Knowledge on the Topic of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Second-Year Nursing Students from a Croatian University

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S402-S402
Author(s):  
Tomislav Mestrovic ◽  
Goran Kozina ◽  
Marijana Neuberg ◽  
Rosana Ribic
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Applied Knowledge

Abstract Background Adequate training of health workers is pivotal in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Our aim was to assess the theoretical and applied knowledge about the risk factors and effective measures of HAI prevention (most notably the use of standard precautions and hand hygiene practices) in second year undergraduate university nursing students that have already completed obligatory courses in microbiology, infectious diseases and epidemiology. Methods This study included a whole generation of second year undergraduate nursing students, comprised of 161 female and 25 male participants (186 in total), from a public university in Croatia (University Centre Varaždin, University North). They were given an anonymous questionnaire (developed on the model used by Tavolacci et al. in 2008) covering three domains: General Knowledge of HAI, Standard Precautions (SP) and Hand Hygiene (HH). The acceptable score overall (max. 30) and for each area (max. 10) was arbitrarily set at ≥ 20 and ≥ 7, respectively (in accordance with prior research). Results The age range of surveyed students was 19–37 (mean: 21.97, median: 21, mod: 20). An accurate definition of nosocomial infections was provided by 98.92% students (with 60.75% of them defining it as the infection occurring 48 hours after hospital admission). The overall score was 21.5, which indicates sufficient level of applied knowledge of healthcare-associated infections. Very high level of knowledge was observed for the SP area (total score of 9.5); however, the level of knowledge in HAI and HH domains was inadequate (5.9 and 6.1, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the overall or specific scores between male and female students (P > 0.05). Formal teaching during the curriculum was students’ primary source of information (60.22%), followed by practical learning in the ward during work (23.65%), formal teaching in the ward (9.68%) and self-learning (6.45%). Conclusion Periodical checking of nursing students’ knowledge on HAI and corresponding curriculum modifications in obligatory courses tackling this topic are advised in order to fill the knowledge gaps, improve training, reduce infection rates and increase compliance with prevention measures. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Role of pulsed-xenon ultraviolet light in reducing healthcare-associated infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhong Dong ◽  
Na Zhou ◽  
Guijuan Liu ◽  
Li Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Pulsed-xenon-ultraviolet light (PX-UVL) is increasingly used as a supplemental disinfection method in healthcare settings. We undertook a systematic search of the literature through several databases and conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of PX-UVL in reducing healthcare-associated infections. Eleven studies were included in the systematic review and nine in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis of seven studies with before-after data indicated a statistically significant reduction of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rates with the use of the PX-UVL (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.73, 95% CI 0.57–0.94, I2 = 72%, P = 0.01), and four studies reported a reduction of risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections (IRR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.64–0.98, I2 = 35%, P = 0.03). However, a further four trials found no significant reduction in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection rates (IRR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.63–1.01, I2 = 60%, P = 0.06). The results for CDI and MRSA proved unstable on sensitivity analysis. Meta-regression analysis did not demonstrate any influence of study duration or intervention duration on CDI rates. We conclude that the use of PX-UVL, in addition to standard disinfection protocols, may help to reduce the incidence of CDI and MRSA but not VRE infection rates. However, the quality of evidence is not high, with unstable results and wide confidence intervals, and further high-quality studies are required to supplement the current evidence.

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