Research in and for CISV across Seven Decades: Research/Practice Interfaces in Youth Learning Mobility Organizations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert Friederichsen
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Peace Education ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Insider Action Research ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the organizational interface between research and practice in the field of youth learning mobility. The research is based on insider action research in CISV International (formerly known as Children’s International Summer Villages), an international charity dedicated to non-formal peace education through international educational programmes for children and youth. Across a total of 70 years overall, the paper identifies three periods of research/practice collaboration in CISV. For each period, the relative size of research-related operations in CISV, the content of research, and how the research/practice interface has been designed is discussed. The paper concludes that youth mobility organizations should be prepared to see research/practice interfaces change significantly over time and that each type of interface implies specific trade-offs.

Children Framing Childhoods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Luttrell
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
Over Time

Urban educational research, practice, and policy is preoccupied with problems, brokenness, stigma, and blame. As a result, too many people are unable to recognize the capacities and desires of children and youth growing up in working-class communities. This book offers an alternative angle of vision—animated by young people's own photographs, videos, and perspectives over time. It shows how a racially, ethnically, and linguistically diverse community of young people in Worcester, Massachusetts, used cameras at different ages to capture and value the centrality of care in their lives, homes, and classrooms. The book's layered analysis of the young people's images and narratives boldly refutes biased assumptions about working-class childhoods and re-envisions schools as inclusive, imaginative, and “careful” spaces. The book challenges us to see differently and, thus, set our sights on a better future.

Decision Processes and Value Endogeneity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. March
Keyword(s):  
Decision Processes ◽  
Hard Problem ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time ◽  
What Matters

Humans use reasons to shape and justify choices. In the process, trade-offs seem essential and often inevitable. But trade-offs involve comparisons, which are problematic both across values and especially over time. Reducing disparate values to a common metric (especially if that metric is money) is often problematic and unsatisfactory. Critically, it is not that values just shape choices, but that choices themselves shape values. This endogeneity of values makes an unconditional normative endorsement of modern decision-theoretic rationality unwise. This is a hard problem and there is no escaping the definition of good values, that is, those that make humans better. This removes the wall between economics and philosophy. If we are to adopt and enact this perspective, then greater discourse and debate on what matters and not just what counts will be useful and even indispensable.

scholarly journals Evolving user needs and late-mover advantage

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Querbes ◽  
Koen Frenken
Keyword(s):  
User Needs ◽  
Nk Model ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
First Mover ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Late Movers

We propose a generalized NK-model of late-mover advantage where late-mover firms leapfrog first-mover firms as user needs evolve over time. First movers face severe trade-offs between the provision of functionalities in which their products already excel and the additional functionalities requested by users later on. Late movers, by contrast, start searching when more functionalities are already known and typically come up with superior product designs. We also show that late-mover advantage is more probable for more complex technologies. Managerial implications follow.

Changing Trends in Age and Sex Distributions of Lyme Disease—United States, 1992-2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110267
Author(s):  
Kiersten J. Kugeler ◽  
Paul S. Mead ◽  
Amy M. Schwartz ◽  
Alison F. Hinckley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex

Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and is characterized by a bimodal age distribution and male predominance. We examined trends in reported cases during a 25-year period to describe changes in the populations most affected by Lyme disease in the United States. We examined demographic characteristics of people with confirmed cases of Lyme disease reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during 1992-2016 through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. We grouped cases into 5-year periods (1992-1996, 1997-2001, 2002-2006, 2007-2011, 2012-2016). We calculated the average annual incidence by age and sex and used incidence rate ratios (IRRs) to describe changes in Lyme disease incidence by age and sex over time. We converted patient age at time of illness into patient birth year to ascertain disease patterns according to birth cohorts. The incidence of Lyme disease in the United States doubled from 1992-1996 to 2012-2016 (IRR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.70-1.78) and increased disproportionately among males; IRRs were 39%-89% higher among males than among females for most age groups. During the study period, children aged 5-9 years were most frequently and consistently affected. In contrast, the average age of adults with Lyme disease increased over time; of all adults, people born during 1950-1964 were the most affected by Lyme disease. Our findings suggest that age-related behaviors and susceptibilities may drive infections among children, and the shifting peak among adults likely reflects a probability proportional to the relative size of the baby boom population. These findings can inform targeted and efficient public health education and intervention efforts.

Trajectories of Sport Participation Among Children and Adolescents Across Different Socio-Economic Categories: Multilevel Findings From the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Tom Perks
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Over Time

Building upon prior theoretical and empirical work, this study explores the sport participation trajectories of children across different socio-economic status (SES) categories to assess the possibility of changes in the SES-sport participation relationship as children age. Using representative panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a multilevel analysis of 4,858 children aged 6 to 9 suggests that as children age the SES effect on sport participation persists over time. However, the SES effect on sport participation appears to have relatively small predictive import compared to other factors.

Toward a Science of Qualities in Organizations

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Reason ◽  
Brian Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Theoretical Support

The development of complexity theory in the natural sciences is described, and summarized in six principles of complex emergent wholes. It is suggested that complexity theory is leading biology toward a science of qualities based on participation and intuition. It is argued on metaphorical and epistemological grounds that these principles which describe the emergence of complex wholes can be applied to social and organizational life. The six principles are then applied to qualitative and action research practice, with a particular reference to co-operative inquiry, in order to provide principles for good practice and theoretical support for the nature of valid inquiry processes.

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