scholarly journals Influence des rayons gamma sur les parametres morphologiques et agronomiques de semences d’une variete de ble tendre cultivee en Algerie

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 18767-18783
Author(s):  
Samia Fernane-Meliani ◽  
◽  
Z Abdellaoui ◽  
S Akretche-Kelfat ◽  
B Ancer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Grand Nombre ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

RESUME: L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les effets de diverses doses de rayons gamma sur les paramètres morphologiques et agronomiques de semences de blé (Anza). L’expérimentation a été menée à la station expérimentale de l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, El Harrach (Alger, Algérie), sur une parcelle en bloc aléatoire complet, en évaluant la croissance et les composantes de rendement d’une culture, sur deux années consécutives, de cette variété locale de blé tendre (Anza) cultivée en Algérie. Les graines ont été irradiées avec des rayons gamma de 0,10, 0,15 et 0,20 KGy (KiIoGry), tandis que la dose de 0KGy a été retenue comme témoin. Les résultats ont montré que la germination n'a pas été affectée par l'irradiation. La hauteur de la tige la plus marquée a été donnée par le témoin pendant les deux années de culture. A la première année, la dose de 0,20KGy et le témoin ont manifesté la meilleure longueur de l’épi (8,97cm) et le plus grand nombre de pieds levés/m2 a été noté à la deuxième année avec le blé traité à 0,20KGy (149). Le nombre le plus élevé d’épis /m2 est obtenu par les échantillons irradiés à 0,20 KGy et le témoin a donné le plus grand nombre de grains par épi, alors qu’une amélioration de la masse de 1000 grains a été constatée à 0,20KGy. La dose de 0,20KGy a également produit le meilleur rendement en grains à la récolte des deux année (56 et 55q/ha). Il y a eu une interaction entre l'année de culture et la dose d’irradiation pour le nombre de pieds levés et le nombre d’épis/m2. Les faibles doses de rayons gamma, notamment la dose de 0,20 KGy ont contribué à l’amélioration des caractéristiques morphologiques et agronomiques de la variété locale de blé tendre (Anza) cultivée en Algérie, à savoir : la longueur de l’épi, le nombre de pieds levés et d’épis/m2, la masse de 1000 grains et le rendement en grains. ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of gamma rays on morphological and agronomical parameters of wheat seeds (Anza). The experiment was conducted in the experimental station of the National School of Agricultural Sciences, El Harrach, Algiers (Algeria). The wheat crop was carried out on a plot in complete random block, by evaluating the growth and yield components of a crop, over two consecutive years, of this common wheat variety (Anza) grown in Algeria. Seeds samples were irradiated with low doses of gamma rays at 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 KGy (KiIoGry), while 0KGy dose was used as a control. The results showed that the number of germinated seeds was not affected by the irradiation treatment. The highest stem height was given by the control in both years, whereas in the first crop year, the 0.20KGy dose with the control showed the best spike length (8.97cm). In the second year, the highest number of raised feet/m2 was recorded with wheat at 0.20KGy (149). The evolution of yield components according to irradiation doses revealed that the highest number of spikes/m2 was also obtained from samples irradiated at 0.20KGy, the control gave the highest number of seeds by spike, while an improvement in 1000 grain weight was seen at 0.20KGy in both crops. The 0.20KGy dose also produced the highest grain yield at harvest of the two years (56 and 55q/ha). There was an interaction between the crop year and the radiation dose for the number of raised feet and the number of spikes/m2. The low gamma ray doses, particularly 0.20 KGy dose, contributed to the improvement of the morphological and agronomical properties of the local common wheat (Anza) grown in Algeria, including spike length, number of raised feet and spikes/m2, 1000 grain weight and grain yield.

scholarly journals Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Wheat Varieties as Influenced by Foliar Potassium under Drought Condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shah ◽  
A.Z. Khan ◽  
M. Numan ◽  
W. Ahmad ◽  
M. Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

AbstractWater stress experienced by a wheat crop during growth is recognized to have accumulative effect stated as a decline in total biomass over well water potential. The yield and nutrient uptake performance of two wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) varieties (Pirsabak-2013 and Atta Habib) to foliar feeding of 2% potassium (K) at three various growth phases (Zadoks GS-22, Zadoks GS-60 and Zadoks GS-73) was explored under water restricted environment in a wire house trial at the Agriculture Research Station, Harichand, Charsadda. The target was to find out the preeminent K application stage for enhancement in the drought tolerance potential. Drought stress was generated by suppression of irrigation at the three growth phases and then K was sprayed with the carboxymethyl cellulose as a sticking agent, however Tween-20 was used as a surfactant for foliar spray. Data about several agronomic characters (plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant) of crop were documented via standard techniques. Moreover, at maturity, aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus, K, sodium and calcium uptakes by the crop were determined. The results point out that drought stress at all three acute growth phases unfavorably affected plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and nutrient uptake of the wheat plant. The exogenous K application under drought stress at all three acute growth phases boosted tolerance of wheat by decreasing noxious nutrient’s uptake and augmenting the yield and yield characters. In this concerns, both varieties exposed undeviating behavior. Extreme enhancement in all the documented yield parameters and nutrients uptake was attained when K was practiced at grain filling stage of both varieties.

scholarly journals Residual Effect of Poultry Manure and Mineral N Application on Maize Production under Wheat-Maize Cropping System

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Syed Azam Shah ◽  
Wisal Mohammad ◽  
Haroon Haroon ◽  
Adnan Anwar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The study was designed to asses the residual effect of organic N (Poultry Manure) and mineral N on maize crop in field experiments carried out on silty clay loam soil at NIFA, Tarnab, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan during 2014-15. Combined dose of N from both sources were 120 kg ha-1 applied to wheat crop alone and in different combination making six treatments. Maize variety (Azam) was sown in Randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Agronomic data, grains ear-1, 1000 grain weight, biomass grain yield data, N-uptake in maize grain and straw were recorded. Results showed that maximum grain ear−1, 1000 grain weight, biomass and grain yield was obtained from treatment where 25% N applied from poultry manure + 75% from mineral N source applied to previous wheat crop. Agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also found maximum in treatment where 75% poultry manure + 25% mineral N was applied. It was concluded from the study that residual effect of organic manure with mineral N in different ratios enhances crop productivity and soil fertility.

scholarly journals Comparative study of different organic mulches for increased wheat productivity district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad U. Chattha ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad B. Chattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Sorghum Straw

Weeds are major threat to global wheat production and cause serious threat to food security. Likewise, water scarcity is also a major threat to food production and its intensity is continuously soaring up across the globe. Organic mulches have potential to reduce weeds growth and conserve the soil moisture thus ensures the better crop growth and yield. Therefore, present study was conducted to compare the performance of different organic mulches in improving wheat growth and productivity. The study was comprised of different organic mulches; M1= No mulch (control) M2= maize straw mulch, M3= wheat straw mulch, M4= sorghum straw mulch and M5= rice straw mulch and three nitrogen levels N1 = 90 kg, N2 = 120 kg and N3= 150 kg/ha. The results indicated that both organic mulches and N rates had significant impact on growth, and yield traits. The maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (307 m-2), grains/spike (46.22), 1000 grain weight (42.33 g) biological yield (13.76 t/ha) and grain yield 4.75 t/ha was obtained with sorghum straw mulch and minimum productive tillers (255.33 m-2), grains/spike (36.22), biological yield (11.46 t/ha) and grain yield (3.59 t/ha) was recorded in no mulch (control). Among nitrogen levels maximum productive tillers (290.6 m-2), grains/spike (42.80), 1000 grain weight (40.65 g), biological yield (13.44 t/ha) and grain yield (4.32 t/ha) was obtained with 150 kg/ha N and minimum productive tillers (274 m-2), grains/spike (38.13), 1000 grain weight (36.94 g) biological yield (11.98 t/ha) and grain yield (3.90 t/ha) was obtained with 90 N kg/ha. Thus, farmers can use sorghum straw mulch and N (150 kg ha-1) to improve the wheat productivity. However, farmers must be educated by government institute and adoptive research farms in order to understand and adaption of this approach.

scholarly journals Effect of level of irrigation and nitrogen rate on yield performance of late sown wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
S Kazi ◽  
SU Bhuiya ◽  
AK Hasan ◽  
RR Rajib ◽  
ABMR Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Late Sowing

The experiment was at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh–2202 during late Rabi season (December-March) of 2015. It was two factorial experiment (1) irrigation level and (2) nitrogen rate. Irrigation significantly influenced on yield and yield contributing characters except harvest index. The highest plant height (79.69cm), maximum number of total tillers plant-1 (4.725), number of grains spike-1 (40.61), spike length (11.80cm), 1000 grain weight (28.67g), grain yield (3.227 t ha-1), harvest index (41.26%) were obtained by mulching treatment. Nitrogen rate significantly influenced the yield and yield contributing characters. The highest plant height (80.37cm), maximum number of total tillers plant-1 (5.124), number of grains spike-1 (40.85), spike length (10.37cm), 1000 grain weight (31.86g), grain yield (3.792 t ha-1), harvest index (41.69%) were obtained by the application of 180 kg N ha-1. The combined effect of Irrigation and nitrogen significantly interacted on yield and yield contributing characters. The highest plant height (83.44cm), number of total tillers plant-1 (5.66), number of grains spike-1 (41.60), 1000 grain weight (36.66g), grain yield (4.32 t ha-1) and harvest index (47.36%) were obtained by application of 180 kg N ha-1 with mulching. The present study revealed that high dose of nitrogen 180 kg ha-1 and mulching practice can compensate low production of wheat even at late sowing. Progressive Agriculture 29 (3): 213-220, 2018

Assessing barley (Hordeum vulgare) response to clipping in the semi-arid Mediterranean climate

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
M. K. J. El-Shatnawi ◽  
N. I. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Tiller Density ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Greenhouse pot trials and field experiments were carried out under rain-fed condition in north-eastern Jordan during 1997–98 and 1998–99 growing seasons, to test 3 barley genotypes for their suitability for both forage and grain production. The varieties Rehani and ACSAD176 produced higher forage yields than Rum. In the field, clipping reduced subsequent grain yield per plant by about 18%, lowering grain weight of the main spike from 2.3�g in the control to 1.8 g in the clipped plants. Clipping increased tiller density of barley plants in the field. Decreases in grain yield following clipping could also be attributed to reductions in the number of grains per spike. Clipping decreased the number of grains per spike by about 9% by reducing the number of spikelets per spike. Cutting reduced 1000-grain weight by about 9%. Clipping induced changes in the relative importance of yield components influencing subsequent grain yield. The yield components reduced by clipping were the most important contributors to loss of grain yield.

EFFECT OF DATES AND RATES OF SOWING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF NARBON VETCH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northern Jordan

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.

scholarly journals Zinc, a micronutrient and its effect to performance of BARI gom30

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Salamun Gismy ◽  
Md. Romij Uddin ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder ◽  
Md. Shafiul Islam Rion
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

To evaluate the effect of Zinc fertilizer on performance of wheat cv. BARI gom30, an experiment was carried out at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, from November 2015 to March 2016. The experiment comprised four levels of Zinc (Zn) viz., 0, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Application of Zinc (Zn) plant height, number of total tillers/plant, number of effective tillers/plant, spike length, number of fertile spikelets/spike numbers of sterile spikelets/spike number of grains/ spike, grain yield and straw yield were found significant. But there was no significant effect of the treatment on 1000-grain weight. The highest number of total tiller/plant (4.42), number of effective tillers/plant (3.92), number of grains/spike (47.70), 1000-grain weight (47.73 g), grain yield (5.06 t/ha), straw yield (6.21 t/ha) was obtained from 2 kg Zn/ha. The highest plant height (94.08 cm), spike length (9.92 cm), number of fertile spikelets/spike (19.59) and sterile spikelets/spike (3.22) and harvest index (46.16%) were recorded at 0 kg Zn/ha respectively. The control treatment indicated the lowest value for the yield attributing characters except the number of sterile spikelets/spike. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with number of grains/spike and straw yield. It is recommended that application of 2 kg Zn/ha is the best for maximum yield of BARI gom30.   

scholarly journals THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Chowdhry ◽  
Ihsan Khaliq ◽  
Masahiko Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />

Influence of nipping and foliar application of nutrients on growth and yield of chickpea in rain-fed condition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Iqtidar Hussain ◽  
Sheryar . ◽  
Hafiz Bashir Ahmad ◽  
Iqbal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Although,chickpea isnitrogen fixing crop but water scarcity under rain-fed condition reduces its nodulation process severely and nutrients use efficiency too. An experiment was carried out regarding the combined effect of nipping as well as foliar applied fertilizers on yield and yield components of chickpea under rain-fed conditions. Nipping and foliar application of nutrients significantly improved number of pods plant-1, biological yield (kg ha-1), harvest index (%) and final grain yield (kg ha-1). However, non-significant influence was seen in 1000-grain weight and number of grains pod-1. Foliar application of N PK (20:20:20) @2.5 kg ha-1 × nipping was found to be the best interaction among others which significantly increased number of branches plant-1 (11.30), number of pods plant-1(115.36), plant height(59.48cm) and grain yield(2338.9 kg ha-1) as compared to the control treatment. Nipping along with foliar application of NPKcan be practiced in chickpea for higher profitability.

scholarly journals Effect of GA3 and row ratio of restorer (R) and CMS lines (A) on different characters and seed production of BRRI Hybrid Dhan2

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
MSR Khan ◽  
MAK Mian ◽  
MG Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Research Institute

An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, during November to May 2009-10 to study the effect of GA3and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines on different characters and F1 seed production of BRRI hybrid dhan2. The treatments were of four levels of GA3 viz., (i) control, (ii) 150 g/ha, (iii) 250 g/ha, and (iv) 350 g/ha and five row ratios (R:A) viz., (i) 2:8, (ii) 2:10, (iii) 2:12, (iv) 2:14, and (v) 2:16. Different doses of GA3 ignificantly influenced growth and yield components of rice except total tillers/hill and 1000-grain weight. The highest F1 seed yield (2.34 t/ha) of BRRI hybrid dhan2 was obtained with an application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha which enhanced the maximum number of effective tillers, the highest number of grains/panicle, panicle exsertion rate and outcrossing rate. The lowest seed yield (1.10 t/ha) was produced without application of GA3 i.e., control. The row ratio of 2:12 and 2:8 produced the highest (2.05 t/ha) and the lowest (1.63 t/ha) F1seed yield, respectively. The interaction between GA3 and row ratio of restorer and CMS lines was significant for F1 seed yield. The highest F1 seed yield (2.90 t/ha) was obtained with the application of GA3 @ 250 g/ha at the row ratio of 2:12 (R: A). The lowest seed yield (0.95 t/ha) was recorded without application of GA3 (control) at row ratios of 2:16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14391 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 665-676, December 2012

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