scholarly journals Household-food market relations and its implications for food security of farm families in Imo State Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8709-8724
Author(s):  
OA Olajide ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Family System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Household Food

The existence of markets is critical to the survival of the farm-household-family system and as such the nature of this relationship and how it affects the dietary supply of the household needs to be understood. The objective of this study is to examine the market relation of farm families by examining the degree of market orientation, the seasonal nature of market sales and purchases and their possible implications for food security. A total of 120 households were selected from the rural areas of Imo state using a multi-stage random sampling technique. The surveyed households were classified into Peri-Urban and Remote Farming Systems (PUFS and RFS) through a hierarchical clustering technique after the data were collected. Descriptive and comparative analyses were carried out using the Mann Whitney Test. The results showed that certain crops (cassava and yams) which command good prices and can yield high income were cultivated on a relatively large scale mainly for processing and consumption by the PUFS. The RFS on the other hand, did not have large outputs but sold about 40 percent of whatever they produced irrespective of its quantity in order to generate cash to meet other household needs. Farm families in the PUFS sold only 19 percent of their total output implying that they produced crops mainly for household consumption. It also showed that households in both systems had to buy food stuff from markets to meet household food supply needs at a period when they were likely to be cash strapped-the hungry season. As such, households compromised the quality of food stuff purchased during such difficult times; this was found to be particularly common in the RFS. At least 40 percent of households in both systems purchased and consumed broken or degraded items from the market during the hungry period. A seasonal intervention is required for short-term remedies while improving storage, processing and transportation facilities will in the long run improve market efficiency and give households better rewards in terms of income and purchased food prices.

scholarly journals Assessment of expenditure on food among urban households and it’s implication for food security: Evidence from Benue State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8748-8760
Author(s):  
TR Iorlamen ◽  
◽  
GA Abu ◽  
WL Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Security Index ◽  
The Government ◽  
Household Heads

The study assessed expenditure on food among urban households in Benue State of Nigeria. This was done with the view to assess household food expenditure and its implications for food security status of the households; identify and assess determinants that influence household food demand; and analyze the determinants of food security of household urban population. The selection of the sample for the study involved a three-stage sampling technique. Data was collected from 150 households through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, food security index, multiple linear regression and logit regression were employed to analyze data. The results indicated a mean household expenditure on food that stands at N21,748.00 40.3 USD) per month. Based on the food security index the households that spent at least N14, 498.67 (93.5 USD) on food per month were categorized as food secure and those who spent below this value were categorized as food insecure. Furthermore, 67.3% of the households were food secure, while 32.7% were food insecure. The study revealed that size of household, income of the household head and price of food comodities were identified as major factors influencing household food demand decisions in the study area. Moreover, size of the household and income of the household head were the main determinants of food demand in the study area (F = 19.78; p ≤ 0.05) just as age and income of household head as well as household size influence the probability that a household will be food secure(χ2 = 13.77; p > 0.05). The study recommends that household heads should be educated on the need to control family size and to be self-empowered without necessarily depending on government as a way of enhancing their income to improve the household and economic conditions. The government should strengthen its policy on grain reserves in order to control food prices during scarcity and subsidize farm i nputs and availability to boost food production and thus lower food prices.

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change On Human and Social Livelihood Assets of Rural Farm Families in Orlu Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Chikaire JU ◽  
◽  
Ajaero JO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Livelihood Assets

The study investigated the effect of climate change on human and social livelihood assets of rural farm families in Orlu agricultural zone of Imo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain rural farmers’ awareness of climate change, and identify sources of information on climate change and to describe the effect of climate change on the human and social livelihood assets of the rural farmers. A purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample size of 120 farm families. Data were collected with structured questionnaire and mean, percentage were used to analyze the data. The result showed that the major evidence of climate change include increased temperature, unpredictable rainfall pattern, drought, flooding, increased precipitation, crop damage and among others. Climate change affects the livelihood of rural people and can be seen in the effects it has on their human and social capita assets in the following ways - loss of human lives, food shortage, hunger and malnutrition, increased disease incidence, reduction in household. Other effects includes prevention of assistance from members of social groups to farmers and rural people at large, interruption of familiar social linkages of the poor, widows, disruption of linkages to formal and informal community organization.

scholarly journals Changes in Decision Making Process and Authority in Families in Rural Punjab: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Neha Wasal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family System ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization

This study was planned to find the changes occurring in rural family institution in Punjab and its major consequences. This study was done in Sangrur and Ludhiana district of Punjab to analyse the changes occurring in family institution and it was found that structure of family system have been significantly changed. The present study was conducted to assess the causes and consequences of changing family institution in two districts of Punjab by taking a sample of 320 respondents, with the following objectives: (i) To highlight the changes occurring in the family structure of rural areas, (ii) to pinpoint the factors responsible for the changes in rural families, (iii) to examine the social, economic, cultural and psychological impact of changing role of families.  Respect of elders by children has declined significantly, as 84% of the respondent feel that their importance had been decreased in the family. Place of giving birth to child has also been changed from home (26%) to Hospital (74%) at two point of time.  Agriculture has loosened its position of prime occupation preference among farm families in recent past. Only 8 per cent of the respondents prefer agriculture for their children. Socialization process of children have changed as 82% of the respondents said that children use more technology in 2015 while, 29% and 41% replied that children do not attend family conversation and do not perform household work respectively. The use of technology of various types has increased significantly in family life from 1990 to 2015. A notable finding of study showed a shift from individual (male) to collective decision with regard to various issues of families, particularly the education of children. Similarly there is a decline in performance of various traditional rituals. Increased show off culture (85%), impact of urbanization (64%), lack of job opportunities (79%), self centred attitudes of family members (76%), increase use of technology (85%) came out as main factors responsible for generating changes in the institution of family. Lack of patience among members, increasing problem of aged and children, increasing conflicts among families and changing types of families were major consequences. Adequate interaction in family to keep the emotional bonding, judicious use of technology, inculcating moral values among children and shunning the materialistic tendency were some of the suggestions given for smooth functioning of families in the rural areas.

scholarly journals Household Food Security Status and Its Determinants in Maphumulo Local Municipality, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Primrose Ngema ◽  
Melusi Sibanda ◽  
Lovemore Musemwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Security Status

Food security at the household level remains a major issue in South Africa and for many other developing countries, particularly those in Africa. As a means of ensuring food security in KwaZulu-Natal province, various food security intervention programmes were launched. Nonetheless, food security remains an issue among households in the province. This paper estimates the household food security status of the “One Home One Garden” (OHOG) beneficiaries against that of non-beneficiaries and assesses the determinants of household food security status in Maphumulo. A stratified random sampling technique was used to sample 495 households (including 330 OHOG beneficiaries and 165 non-beneficiaries). The status of household food security was estimated by means of a “Household Dietary Diversity Score” (HDDS). Additionally, a Household Food Consumption Score” (HFCS) tool was employed to supplement the HDDS. The results showed that food consumption patterns were characterized by medium (4.89) and average (4.22) HDDS for the OHOG beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, respectively. Taking HDDS as a proxy for household food security, an independent samples t-test (Levene’s test—equal variances assumed) reveals a significant (p < 0.001) relationship between the sample means of the two groups. A greater proportion (65%) of the OHOG beneficiaries had an acceptable (≥35) HFCS level, whereas just over half (54%) of the non-beneficiaries fell in the borderline (21.5 to 35) HFCS level. The determinants of household food security status were elicited by means of a binary logistic regression model. The results revealed that education (p = 0.036), receiving infrastructural support (irrigation) (p = 0.001), and participation in the OHOG programme (p = 0.000) positively influenced the food security status of households, yet household income (p = 0.000) and access to credit (p = 0.002) showed a negative correlation. This paper proposes that government and developmental agencies, in their efforts to enhance food security through food security intervention programmes, should support households by investing in education and agricultural infrastructure, as well as giving priority to smallholder infrastructural irrigation support for households that largely rely on rain-fed systems.

scholarly journals ASSESSEMENT OF YOUTH MIGRATION AND FOOD SECURITY AMONG FARMING HOUSEHOLDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehu Abdulganiyu SALAU
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Youth Migration ◽  
Farming Households

Food insecurity is fast becoming a key topic in economic growth and development. Hence, this study examined food security status before and after youth migration and assessed the effect of youth migration on food security among farming households. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to obtain data from 240 respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, likert scale, food security index and binary logistic regression. The result revealed that most (86.3%) of the respondents were males with an average age of 48.5years. The reasons behind youth migration are poor roads, the search for white collar jobs and laborious nature of farming. Furthermore, the average yield before and after youth migration were 1879.8 kg/ha and 884.1kg/ha grain equivalent respectively. Moreover, 61.7% and 38.3% of the households were food secure and food insecure before youth migration respectively. Worst still, after youth migration, 70% of the households were food insecure while 30% were food secure. The ratio of rural youth migrants to household size, crop yield difference, level of education, household size, food crop losses, quantity of cereals consumed, quantity of legume consumed, quantity of root and tuber crops consumed and access to remittances were the variables explaining food security in the area. Governments at all levels should provide basic infrastructural facilities in the rural areas to encourage youth to stay at home. Youth should be enlightened on the negative consequences of migration. Policies towards reducing household size should be encouraged to raise food security of households

scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND FOOD SECURITY IN VIETNAM

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Khue Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dien Nguyen ◽  
Philippe Lebailly
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Household Model ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status

Since 1990s the bloom of industrialization and urbanization brings the changes ofsocial and economic issue of Vietnam rural areas. During this process, ruralhouseholds have reduced agricultural land for cultivating. From the status of foodproducers now they become food consumers. Through surveying 215 householdsin Bac Ninh province, the study shows that that industrialization and landconversion process affected household food security in several aspects: the lost ofagricultural land and surplus agricultural production decrease; unguaranteed decentwork for peasants and high living cost; the decline of living quality and foodsafety. Food consumption of the family has shifted from self-reliance to the waythat more depend on market which increases food expense propotion on householdbudget. However, spending more on food does not mean satisfied since thesuspiciousness of food quality. Household food security becomes more vulnerable,especially for households that have limited access to land and incapability offinding stable jobs. One of the strategies of rural households is diversify theirlivelihoods, accepted multi-spacial household model. And when income from nonfarmjobs could relatively supply enough their need of cash, they would ratherconsume high quality food than grow and sell high yielding variable. Ruralhouseholds move back to the local traditional agricultural activities to ensure theirown food quality.

scholarly journals Household level determinants of food insecurity in rural areas of Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 1914-1926
Author(s):  
Ayalneh Bogale ◽  
◽  
Shimelis A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Dire Dawa

Even though the struggle to achieve food security at the household level in the rural areas of Ethiopia dates back a long period, it has remained as a challenging goal even today. Making their living on marginal, moisture stressed, heavily degraded and less productive land, households in rural areas of Dire Dawa face persistent food shortages. The design and implementation of effective measures to reduce household food insecurity in the region depends on in-depth understanding of its covariates. This study seeks to address these issues by assessing location specific socio-economic factors that influence food insecurity of households in rural areas of Dire Dawa Administrative region. The analysis is based on survey data gathered from randomly selected 115 sample rural households in the study area. A binary logit model was used to identify the factors influencing household level food insecurity. A total of thirteen explanatory variables were included in the empirical model. The empirical results estimated using the survey data to identify the determinants of food insecurity among rural households in the study area revealed mixed impressions. Among variables considered , family size, annual income, amount of credit received, access to irrigation, age of household head, farm size, and livestock owned showed theoretically consistent and statistically significant effect. However, estimated coefficients of number of oxen owned and dependency ratio showed theoretically inconsistent and statistically insignificant effect on the probability of household to be food insecure.. Estimated coefficients of sex of household head, total off-farm income, education of household head and amount of food aid received were not found to be statistically significant in determining household food insecurity in the study area. The findings imply that improvement in food security situation needs to build assets, improve the functioning of rural financial markets and promote family planning. These areas could provide entry points for policy intervention to reduce hunger and augment household and community livelihood opportunities.

scholarly journals TINGKAT KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA NELAYAN DI DESA SUKAJAYA LEMPASING KECAMATAN TELUK PANDAN KABUPATEN PESAWARAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Defline Putri Delly ◽  
Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi ◽  
Rio Tedi Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Cross Classification ◽  
Food Reserves

The aim of this research are to analyze the level of food security, the factors that affect the level of food security, and efforts to increase the level of food security of fisherman household. The location of this research is chosen purposively in Sukajaya Lempasing Village, Teluk Pandan Subdistrict, Pesawaran Regency in which respondents are 51 fisherman households. The data of this research was primary data and secondary data, collected in February – May 2018 and analyzed by cross-classification between the share of food expenditure and energy adequacy level, ordinal logistic regression, and descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the research showed that the majority of respondent (68.63%) were classified as less food, and the rest were classified as food secure (13.73%), vulnerable to food (5.88%), and food insecure (11.76%). The affecting factors on the level of food security were formal education level of housewives and household food expenditure.  The efforts to increase the level of food security by Government were through monitoring food availability and food reserves, developing food distribution and stabilization of food prices, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), and Raskin.  Whereas, the efforts by fisherman household themselves were food loan (92.16%) and changing dietary habit (7.84%).Key words: cross-classification, fisherman household, food security

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