scholarly journals Effects of Climate Change On Human and Social Livelihood Assets of Rural Farm Families in Orlu Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Chikaire JU ◽  
◽  
Ajaero JO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Livelihood Assets

The study investigated the effect of climate change on human and social livelihood assets of rural farm families in Orlu agricultural zone of Imo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain rural farmers’ awareness of climate change, and identify sources of information on climate change and to describe the effect of climate change on the human and social livelihood assets of the rural farmers. A purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample size of 120 farm families. Data were collected with structured questionnaire and mean, percentage were used to analyze the data. The result showed that the major evidence of climate change include increased temperature, unpredictable rainfall pattern, drought, flooding, increased precipitation, crop damage and among others. Climate change affects the livelihood of rural people and can be seen in the effects it has on their human and social capita assets in the following ways - loss of human lives, food shortage, hunger and malnutrition, increased disease incidence, reduction in household. Other effects includes prevention of assistance from members of social groups to farmers and rural people at large, interruption of familiar social linkages of the poor, widows, disruption of linkages to formal and informal community organization.

scholarly journals Rural Farmers’ Coping Strategies to Effects of Climate Change on Watermelon Production in Igboora, Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Oyediran W. O ◽  
Omoare A. M ◽  
Alaka F. A ◽  
Shobowale A. A ◽  
Oladoyinbo O. B
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Coping

In the past two decades watermelon production has been a major source of livelihood sustainability in the rural farming system especially among the younger farmers. In recent time however, climate change has threatened and undermined this potential. This study was therefore carried out to assess rural farmers’ coping strategies to effects of climate change on watermelon production in Igboora, Oyo State, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 150 watermelon farmers as sample size for this study. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to analyse the data. The findings showed that there was significant relationship between respondent’s personal characteristics and coping strategies adopted by the watermelon farmers at p < 0.05 level. Also, there was significant relationship between sources of information and coping strategies adopted by the watermelon farmers at p < 0.05 level. It is hereby recommends that effort should be put in place by the government and Seed Council of Nigeria (SCN) to come up with improved, and high drought and disease resistant watermelon seeds to increase productivity and reduce cost of seeds importation in the study area.

Assessment of Nigerian Newspapers’ Reportage of Violence against Children: Case Study of Daily Sun and Punch National Newspapers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 704-720
Author(s):  
Adeline .O. Nkwam-Uwaoma ◽  
Mishack Ndukwu
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
State University ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Child Violence ◽  
The Impact

Traditionally, child rearing in Nigeria closely reflects the “spare the rod and spoil the child” maxim and as such spanking, flogging, slapping, beating and evening starving a child as a form of punishment for wrong doing and as a method of behavior modification are common. These are not necessarily considered as maltreatment or abuse of the child. Despite the adoption and implementation of the Child Rights Act in Nigeria, violence against children seems to be on a steady increase. Stories of sexual molestation, rape, child labour, infliction of physical injuries and use of children for rituals by parents, guardians and other members of the society abound. Violence against children is considered as those acts by other persons especially adults that undermine and threaten the healthy life and existence of children or those that violet their rights as humans. In Nigeria newspapers are a major source of News, second only to radio and television in coverage, currency and content. National dailies are newspapers with daily publications and national spread or coverage. This study analyzed the frequency, length, prominence level, direction and sources of information reported on violence against children in the selected national daily newspapers. It then provided information on the role of the newspapers in Nigeria in the fight against child violence and public awareness of the impact of violence against children on development of the nation and the attempts to curtail such violence. The composite week sampling technique in which the four weeks of the month are reduced to one and a sample is randomly selected from each day of the week was used. As such 168 editions of Daily Sun and Punch newspapers published from January to December of 2016 were selected. Data were collected using code sheet and analyzed via content analysis. The result showed that the frequency of the newspapers’ reportage of violence against children in Nigeria was low. Again, it was found that the length or space given to reports on violence against children was inadequate,  the direction of the few reports on violence against children was in favor of the course or fight against child violence and these newspapers gave no prominence to reports on violence against children. Finally, it was found that major source of news about violence against children was through journalism; government and individual sources provided only minimal information. Adeline Nkwam-Uwaoma and Mishack Ndukwu                                                       Keywords – children, Newspapers Reportage, Nigeria, Violence Nkwam-Uwaoma is with the Department of Mass Communication , Imo State University, P.M.B. 200 Owerri , Nigeria (corresponding author, phone +2348035414973; email: [email protected] ) Ndukwu is with Imo State University, P.M.B. 2020 Owerri, Nigeria (email: [email protected] ).      

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Public Perceptions and Climate Change in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4464
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suleman Bacha ◽  
Muhammad Muhammad ◽  
Zeyneb Kılıç ◽  
Muhammad Nafees
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Prime Concern

With rising temperatures, developing countries are exposed to the horrors of climate change more than ever. The poor infrastructure and low adaptation capabilities of these nations are the prime concern of current studies. Pakistan is vulnerable to climate-induced hazards including floods, droughts, water shortages, shifts in weather patterns, loss of biodiversity, melting of glaciers, and more in the coming years. For marginal societies dependent on natural resources, adaptation becomes a challenge and the utmost priority. Within the above context, this study was designed to fill the existing research gap concerning public knowledge of climate vulnerabilities and respective adaptation strategies in the northern Hindukush–Himalayan region of Pakistan. Using the stratified sampling technique, 25 union councils (wards) were selected from the nine tehsils (sub-districts) of the study area. Using the quantitative method approach, structured questionnaires were employed to collect data from 396 respondents. The study reveals varying public perceptions about different factors contributing to the causes and impacts of climate change and the sources of information in the three zones of the study area. The primary causes of climate change are deforestation, industrial waste, anthropogenic impurities, natural causes, and the burning of fossil fuels exacerbated by increased population. Changes in temperature, erratic rainfalls, floods, droughts, receding glaciers, and extreme weather events are some of the impacts observed over the past decades. While limiting the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels combined with government-assisted rehabilitation of forests can help combat climate change, the lack of proper education and economic, social, and governance barriers are hindering the local adaptation strategies. In addition, reduce environmental pollution (air, water, soil, etc.) and plantation polluted areas with suitable plants, are the two main actions in combating climate change. This study recommends policy interventions to enhance local adaptation efforts through building capacity, equipping local environmental institutions, discouraging deforestation, and ensuring sustainable use of natural resources.

scholarly journals Perceived impacts of climate change among rural farmers in Imo State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1756-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ozor ◽  
P C Umunakwe ◽  
A O Ani ◽  
F N Nnadi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Implication of Climate Change on the Livelihood of Rural Farmers - An Enquiry

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
R. Dayanandan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Status

<p>Climate change and variability worsened the situation by increasing moisture stress in the growing seasons of most cereal crops. Agricultural production among the farming rural adults in the country is adversely affected by climate change. As a result of this, the livelihood of large numbers of the rural poor is at risk and their vulnerability to food insecurity will be increased. Though many interventions are undertaken by different stakeholders, still the problem is worsening in the study area. Hence the main focus of this paper is assessing the climatic characteristics and the effects of climate change on the livelihood of rural farmers in the study area. To achieve the objectives, relevant data was collected from 123 sample rural farmers from three villages through stratified random sampling technique based on the agro-ecological conditions. In addition, focus group discussion and key informant interview were also carried out to elicit the relevant information. The collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean, percentages and standard deviation while inferential statistics like multiple linear regression and correlation to determine the effect of climate on the status of livelihood. The major findings reveal that there is high perception of farmers about climate change and mainly the factors which affecting were found to be population growth, overgrazing, deforestation, improper land use, etc.  Some elements of climate, temperature, rainfall and humidity show inter annual and seasonal variability with slightly increasing trend. The study recommends that awareness creation on climate mitigation strategies, diversifying the livelihood options, capacity building through training to adopt different technologies is essential.</p>

scholarly journals Farmers’ Information Sources and Constraints to Climate Adaptability in Ondo State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
B. O. Akinwalere
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Climatic Adaptability ◽  
Ondo State

The study assessed farmers’ information sources and constraints to climatic adaptability in Ondo state, Nigeria. Specifically, the study ascertained the socio-economics characteristics of the respondents; examined the sources of information on climate change adaptability available to both gender respondents; compared the perceived knowledge of climate change adaptability of the respondents; determined the factors influencing respondents’ access to information on climate change adaptability; determine the factors influencing respondents utilization of information on climate change adaptability; and also identified the constraints faced by respondents relating to climatic adaptability. Multi-staged sampling technique was used to select and interviewed equal samples of male and female farmers of 120 respondents. Both the descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out and results showed that the mean age of farmers was 43.5 years, 82.5% of the farmers were married, with an average household size of 7 members. The average years of experience was 12.3 years, average size of farm land is 4.7 hectares. Results showed that farmers had access to information mainly through family and friends (70.8%). Majority of the farmers perceived climate change through higher sunshine intensity (97.5%), the adaptation activity embarked upon mostly by farmers was mulching (97.5%). The major factor influencing respondent’s access to information was electricity (=2.58). The major factor influencing utilization of information was past experience about climate change (=2.47), the major constraint to climatic adaptability were power (=4.28) and poor information on warning system ( =4.27).

scholarly journals Household-food market relations and its implications for food security of farm families in Imo State Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8709-8724
Author(s):  
OA Olajide ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Family System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Household Food

The existence of markets is critical to the survival of the farm-household-family system and as such the nature of this relationship and how it affects the dietary supply of the household needs to be understood. The objective of this study is to examine the market relation of farm families by examining the degree of market orientation, the seasonal nature of market sales and purchases and their possible implications for food security. A total of 120 households were selected from the rural areas of Imo state using a multi-stage random sampling technique. The surveyed households were classified into Peri-Urban and Remote Farming Systems (PUFS and RFS) through a hierarchical clustering technique after the data were collected. Descriptive and comparative analyses were carried out using the Mann Whitney Test. The results showed that certain crops (cassava and yams) which command good prices and can yield high income were cultivated on a relatively large scale mainly for processing and consumption by the PUFS. The RFS on the other hand, did not have large outputs but sold about 40 percent of whatever they produced irrespective of its quantity in order to generate cash to meet other household needs. Farm families in the PUFS sold only 19 percent of their total output implying that they produced crops mainly for household consumption. It also showed that households in both systems had to buy food stuff from markets to meet household food supply needs at a period when they were likely to be cash strapped-the hungry season. As such, households compromised the quality of food stuff purchased during such difficult times; this was found to be particularly common in the RFS. At least 40 percent of households in both systems purchased and consumed broken or degraded items from the market during the hungry period. A seasonal intervention is required for short-term remedies while improving storage, processing and transportation facilities will in the long run improve market efficiency and give households better rewards in terms of income and purchased food prices.

scholarly journals Assessment of Career Ambition of Head of Farm Families for their Children: A Case of Farmers in South Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Gabriel Adewunmi Eyinade ◽  
Celestine Ohi Akharume
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

In early 60s and 70s, agriculture is one of the key sectors of the Nigerian’s economy. The decline in agricultural production is attributed to the drudgery nature of traditional farming system mostly practice by farmers in the country and the influence of rural farmers on career choice of their children. The study therefore aims to assess the influence of head of farm families in career choice for their children using a descriptive statistics. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting 120 rural farmers from Oyo State in Nigeria. Results show that 50% of the respondents were in their active age, 86.7% were married, 61.7% of the respondents had a household size of 3-6 family members, and 45.8% of the respondents had no formal education. The results of the Chi-square analysis further reveal that variables such as age, marital status, and household size, level of education, secondary occupation and membership of social organisation were statistically significant at 1% signifying that all the socio-economic variables have a significant relationship with the choice of career for the farmer’s children. To unlock farmers’ perspective on career choice ambition choosing for their children, the study suggests that more attention should be paid to improve traditional farming systems by several stakeholders and government, by providing farm equipment such as tractor and other farm implements which can make farming less rigorous, profitable and enjoyable to the rural youths in the rural communities.

Knowledge and Use of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Bachelor's Level Female Students of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Bhu Dev Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

 Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) is used for preventing pregnancy after having unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure or forced sex. The use of ECP within 120 hours of sexual intercourse could prevent unwanted pregnancy and its adverse effects particularly unintended childbirth and unsafe abortion. The study, therefore, aimed to assess knowledge and use of emergency contraceptives among Bachelors level female students from Kathmandu Valley. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from August to November 2017 among 347 female students who were studying at the Bachelors's level. A random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and use of ECP after securing informed consent. Epi data and SPSS version 22 were used for data processing and analysis. The mean age of the female students was 21.5 years. Overall, 91.4% of the respondents had ever heard about emergency contraceptives. The main sources of information were radio or television, the internet and newspapers. About 4.6% of the undergraduate female students used ECP. Age, marital status, use of contraceptives and knowledge of ECP used within 72 hours were significantly associated with use of ECP. Although the findings of this study showed a high prevalence of knowledge among respondents, the improvement of female students’ knowledge on specific details of ECP and its advantages/disadvantages and timely utilization needs to be considered for any future awareness programmes.  

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