Use of a synthetic form Avrodes for transfer of leaf rust resistance from Aegilops speltoides to common wheat

The results of evaluating introgressive lines by resistance to leaf rust and the presence of molecular markers in them linked to the known resistance genes Lr28, Lr35, Lr51, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 are presented.

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Using the synthetic form RS5 to obtain new introgressive lines of common wheat

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj21.088 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 770-777

Author(s):

R. O. Davoyan ◽

I. V. Bebyakina ◽

E. R. Davoyan ◽

Y. S. Zubanova ◽

D. M. Boldakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Aegilops Tauschii ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Wild Relatives ◽

Aegilops Speltoides ◽

D Genome ◽

Synthetic Form

The use of the gene pool of wild relatives, which have a significant reserve of genetic diversity, is of immediate interest for breeding common wheat. The creation and use of synthetic forms as “bridges” is an effective method of transferring valuable genetic material from wild relatives to cultivated wheat. For this purpose, genome addition, genome substitution and recombinant “secondary” synthetic forms have been created in the P.P. Lukyanenko National Center of Grain. The synthetic recombination form RS5 (BBAASDt ), in which the third genome consists of chromosomes of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Aegilops tauschii (Dt ), was obtained from crossing the synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and M.it./Ae. tauschii (BBAADt Dt ), in which the D genome from Ae. tauschii was added to the BBAA genomes of the durum wheat cultivar Mutico italicum. Introgression lines resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible common wheat cultivars Krasnodarskaya 99, Rostislav and Zhirovka. Twelve resistant lines that additionally have high technological characteristics of grain and flour have been selected. The cytological study (С-banding) has revealed chromosomal modifications in 6 of 8 lines under study. The rearrangements mainly affected the chromosomes of the D genome, 1D, 3D, 4D, 6D and 7D. It was found that in most cases the genetic material from the synthetic form RS5 in the studied lines was represented by substituted chromosomes from Ae. tauschii. In line 5791p17, the substitution of chromosomes 6D from Ae. tauschii and 7D from Ae. speltoides was revealed. Substitutions 4D(4Dt ), 6D(6Dt ) from Ae. tauschii and 7D(7S) from Ae. speltoides were obtained for the first time. Molecular analysis of 12 lines did not reveal effective leaf rust resistance genes, presumably present in synthetic forms of M.it./Ae. tauschii and Avrodes. It is assumed that the lines may carry previously unidentified genes for fungal disease resistance, in particular for resistance to leaf rust, from Ae. tauschii and Ae. speltoides.

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Identification of leaf rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46 in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum) lines of different origin using multiplex PCR

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.1515/biol-2021-0018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 172-183

Author(s):

Agnieszka Tomkowiak ◽

Roksana Skowrońska ◽

Michał Kwiatek ◽

Julia Spychała ◽

Dorota Weigt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Pcr Marker ◽

Specific Sequence ◽

Cereal Species

Abstract Leaf rust caused by the fungus Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici is one of the most dangerous diseases of common wheat. Infections caused by fungal pathogens reduce the quantity and quality of yields of many cereal species. The most effective method to limit plant infection is to use cultivars that show rust resistance. Genetically conditioned horizontal-type resistance (racial-nonspecific) is a desirable trait because it is characterized by more stable expression compared to major (R) genes that induce racially specific resistance, often overcome by pathogens. Horizontal resistance is conditioned by the presence of slow rust genes, which include genes Lr34 and Lr46. This study aimed to identify markers linked to both genes in 64 common wheat lines and to develop multiplex PCR reaction conditions that were applied to identify both genes simultaneously. The degree of infestation of the analyzed lines was also assessed in field conditions during the growing season of 2017 and 2018. Simple sequence repeat anchored-polymerase chain reaction (SSR-PCR) marker csLV was identified during analysis in line PHR 4947. The presence of a specific sequence has also been confirmed in multiplex PCR analyses. In addition to gene Lr34, gene Lr46 was identified in this genotype. Lines PHR 4947 and PHR 4819 were characterized by the highest leaf rust resistance in field conditions. During STS-PCR analyses, the marker wmc44 of gene Lr46 was identified in most of the analyzed lines. This marker was not present in the following genotypes: PHR 4670, PHR 4800, PHR 4859, PHR 4907, PHR 4922, PHR 4949, PHR 4957, PHR 4995, and PHR 4997. The presence of a specific sequence has also been confirmed in multiplex PCR analyses. Genotypes carrying the markers of the analyzed gene showed good resistance to leaf rust in field conditions in both 2017 and 2018. Research has demonstrated that marker assisted selection (MAS) and multiplex PCR techniques are excellent tools for selecting genotypes resistant to leaf rust.

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Cytogenetic analysis and mapping of leaf rust resistance in Aegilops speltoides Tausch derived bread wheat line Selection2427 carrying putative gametocidal gene(s)

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2017-0107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

pp. 1076-1085 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Niranjana ◽

Vinod ◽

J.B. Sharma ◽

Niharika Mallick ◽

S.M.S. Tomar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Aegilops Speltoides ◽

Lr Genes ◽

Gametocidal Gene ◽

Chromosome 3B

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) is a major biotic stress affecting wheat yields worldwide. Host-plant resistance is the best method for controlling leaf rust. Aegilops speltoides is a good source of resistance against wheat rusts. To date, five Lr genes, Lr28, Lr35, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr51, have been transferred from Ae. speltoides to bread wheat. In Selection2427, a bread wheat introgresed line with Ae. speltoides as the donor parent, a dominant gene for leaf rust resistance was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 3B (LrS2427). None of the Lr genes introgressed from Ae. speltoides have been mapped to chromosome 3B. Since none of the designated seedling leaf rust resistance genes have been located on chromosome 3B, LrS2427 seems to be a novel gene. Selection2427 showed a unique property typical of gametocidal genes, that when crossed to other bread wheat cultivars, the F1 showed partial pollen sterility and poor seed setting, whilst Selection2427 showed reasonable male and female fertility. Accidental co-transfer of gametocidal genes with LrS2427 may have occurred in Selection2427. Though LrS2427 did not show any segregation distortion and assorted independently of putative gametocidal gene(s), its utilization will be difficult due to the selfish behavior of gametocidal genes.

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The association of a gene for leaf rust resistance with the chromosome 7D suppressor of stem rust resistance in common wheat

Genome ◽

10.1139/g87-081 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 467-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 150

Author(s):

P. L. Dyck

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Stem Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Suppressor Gene ◽

Stem Rust Resistance ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Cytogenetic Evidence

Backcross lines of gene LrT2 for resistance to leaf rust in the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 'Thatcher' unexpectedly show improved resistance to stem rust compared with that of the recurrent parent. Genetic–cytogenetic evidence indicates that LrT2 is on chromosome 7D, which is known to carry the "suppressor" gene(s) that prevent the expression of stem rust resistance conferred by other genes in 'Canthatch'. Thus, LrT2 may be a nonsuppressing allele of the suppressor gene(s) or be closely linked to such an allele. LrT2 has been designated Lr34. Key words: Triticum, wheat, rust resistance.

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THE INHERITANCE OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN SEVEN VARIETIES OF COMMON WHEAT

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps61-047 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 342-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

R. G. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Susceptible Variety ◽

The Other ◽

Seedling Resistance ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Type Reaction ◽

Biological Studies

The inheritance of seedling resistance to races 1a, 5a, 11, 15a and 126a of leaf rust was studied in the varieties Exchange and Selkirk and to races 1a and 15a in the varieties Lee, Gabo, Timstein, Mayo 52 and Mayo 54. Thatcher was used as the susceptible variety. Rust tests were carried out on F1 and F2 populations of diallel crosses among these varieties and on F2 families from the backcrosses to Thatcher. Two genes were found. One gene LrE conditions a (2) type reaction to all five races in Exchange and Selkirk. The other gene LrL conditions a (; 1 =) type reaction to races 1a and 15a in all seven varieties. Isogenic lines possessing these genes are being developed in the varieties Prelude and Thatcher. The importance of such lines in future genetic studies and their application in other biological studies are discussed.The increase in amount of leaf rust found on Lee and Selkirk in Canada during the period 1951–1958 is accounted for by the increase of races which render the gene LrL ineffective in these two varieties.

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