scholarly journals The development and study of common wheat introgression lines derived from the synthetic form RS7

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-835
Author(s):  
R. O. Davoyan ◽  
I. V. Bebyakina ◽  
E. R. Davoyan ◽  
D. S. Mikov ◽  
Yu. S. Zubanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
First Time

Synthetic recombination form RS7 (BBAAUS), in which the first two genomes, A and B, originate from common wheat, and the third recombinant genome consists of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Ae. umbellulata (U) chromosomes, was obtained from crossing synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and Avrolata (BBAAUU). Resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew, introgression lines have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible varieties of common wheat Krasnodarskaya 99, Fisht and Rostislav. PCR analysis showed the presence of amplification fragments with marker SCS421 specific for the Lr28 gene in the line 4991n17. The cytological study (С-banding and FISH) of 14 lines has revealed chromosomal modifications in 12 of them. In most cases, the lines carry translocations from Ae. speltoides, which were identified in chromosomes 1D, 2D, 3D, 2B, 4B, 5B and 7B. Also, lines with the substituted chromosomes 1S (1B), 4D (4S), 5D (5S) and 7D (7S) were identified. Lines that have genetic material from Ae. speltoides and Ae umbellulata at once were revealed. In the line 3379n14, translocations in the short arm of chromosome 7D from Ae. umbellulata and chromosomes 5BL, 1DL, 2DL from Ae. speltoides were revealed. The line 4626p16 presumably has a translocation on the long arm of chromosome 2D from Ae. umbellulata and the T7SS.7SL-7DL translocation from Ae. speltoides. The T1DS.1DL-1SL and T3DS.3DL-3SL translocations from Ae. speltoides, and T2DS.2DL-2UL and T7DL.7DS-7US from Ae. umbellulata have been obtained for the first time. These lines may carry previously unidentified disease resistance genes and, in particular, leaf rust resistance genes from Ae. speltoides and Ae. umbellulata.

scholarly journals Study of common wheat lines with genetic material Aegilops speltoides for leaf rust resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Davoyan ◽  
R. O. Davoyan ◽  
Y. S. Zubanova ◽  
D. S. Mikov ◽  
D. M. Boldakov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Introgressive Lines

The results of evaluating introgressive lines by resistance to leaf rust and the presence of molecular markers in them linked to the known resistance genes Lr28, Lr35, Lr51, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 are presented.

scholarly journals Using the synthetic form RS5 to obtain new introgressive lines of common wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 770-777
Author(s):  
R. O. Davoyan ◽  
I. V. Bebyakina ◽  
E. R. Davoyan ◽  
Y. S. Zubanova ◽  
D. M. Boldakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Synthetic Form

The use of the gene pool of wild relatives, which have a significant reserve of genetic diversity, is of immediate interest for breeding common wheat. The creation and use of synthetic forms as “bridges” is an effective method of transferring valuable genetic material from wild relatives to cultivated wheat. For this purpose, genome addition, genome substitution and recombinant “secondary” synthetic forms have been created in the P.P. Lukyanenko National Center of Grain. The synthetic recombination form RS5 (BBAASDt ), in which the third genome consists of chromosomes of Aegilops speltoides (S) and Aegilops tauschii (Dt ), was obtained from crossing the synthetic forms Avrodes (BBAASS) and M.it./Ae. tauschii (BBAADt Dt ), in which the D genome from Ae. tauschii was added to the BBAA genomes of the durum wheat cultivar Mutico italicum. Introgression lines resistant to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew have been obtained from backcrosses with the susceptible common wheat cultivars Krasnodarskaya 99, Rostislav and Zhirovka. Twelve resistant lines that additionally have high technological characteristics of grain and flour have been selected. The cytological study (С-banding) has revealed chromosomal modifications in 6 of 8 lines under study. The rearrangements mainly affected the chromosomes of the D genome, 1D, 3D, 4D, 6D and 7D. It was found that in most cases the genetic material from the synthetic form RS5 in the studied lines was represented by substituted chromosomes from Ae. tauschii. In line 5791p17, the substitution of chromosomes 6D from Ae. tauschii and 7D from Ae. speltoides was revealed. Substitutions 4D(4Dt ), 6D(6Dt ) from Ae. tauschii and 7D(7S) from Ae. speltoides were obtained for the first time. Molecular analysis of 12 lines did not reveal effective leaf rust resistance genes, presumably present in synthetic forms of M.it./Ae. tauschii and Avrodes. It is assumed that the lines may carry previously unidentified genes for fungal disease resistance, in particular for resistance to leaf rust, from Ae. tauschii and Ae. speltoides.

scholarly journals Use of synthetic form Triticum miguschovae Zhir in common wheat breeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Davoyan ◽  
◽  
I.V. Bebyakina ◽  
E.R. Davoyan ◽  
V.A. Bibishev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

T. miguschovae (GGAADD) was used as a “genetic bridge” to transfer valuable traits to the common wheat instead T. militina and Ae. tauschii. Lines with resistance to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew, as well as with high protein content (17–18 %) were selected. The lines with translocation Т2BL.2BS-2GL, 5BS.5BL-5GL, T6BS.6BL-6GL and substitution of chromosomes 1D(1Dt), 4D(4Dt), 5D(5Dt), 6D(6Dt) were identified. DNA analysis revealed that the lines can carry leaf rust resistance genes that are different from the known Lr39 and Lr50. Introgression lines have been successfully used in breeding. Five common winter wheat cultivars are developed.

scholarly journals Development of barley introgression lines carrying the leaf rust resistance genes Rph1 to Rph15

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Martin ◽  
Oswaldo Chicaiza ◽  
Juan C. Caffarel ◽  
Ahmad H. Sallam ◽  
Arnis Druka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Effectiveness of major resistance genes and identification of new sources for disease resistance in wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vida ◽  
M. Cséplő ◽  
G. Gulyás ◽  
I. Karsai ◽  
T. Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Major Resistance Genes ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

Among the factors which determine yield reliability an important role is played by disease resistance. One of the breeding aims in the Martonvásár institute is to develop wheat varieties with resistance to major diseases. The winter wheat varieties bred in Martonvásár are examined in artificially inoculated nurseries and greenhouses for resistance to economically important pathogens. The effectiveness of designated genes for resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust has been monitored over a period of several decades. None of the designated major resistance genes examined in greenhouse tests is able to provide complete resistance to powdery mildew; however, a number of leaf rust resistance genes provide full protection against pathogen attack (Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28 and Lr35). In the course of marker-assisted selection, efficient resistance genes (Lr9, Lr24, Lr25 and Lr29) have been incorporated into Martonvásár wheat varieties. The presence of Lr1, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr37 in the Martonvásár gene pool was identified using molecular markers. New sources carrying alien genetic material have been tested for powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance. Valuable Fusarium head blight resistance sources have been identified in populations of old Hungarian wheat varieties. Species causing leaf spots (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum) have gradually become more frequent over the last two decades. Tests on the resistance of the host plant were begun in Martonvásár four years ago and regular greenhouse tests on seedlings have also been initiated.

scholarly journals Identification and Molecular Characterization of Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Lr14a in Durum Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Herrera-Foessel ◽  
R. P. Singh ◽  
J. Huerta-Espino ◽  
H. M. William ◽  
V. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Gene

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important disease of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) and only a few designated resistance genes are known to occur in this crop. A dominant leaf rust resistance gene in the Chilean durum cv. Llareta INIA was mapped to chromosome arm 7BL through bulked segregant analysis using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique, and by mapping three polymorphic markers in the common wheat (T. aestivum) International Triticeae Mapping Initiative population. Several simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, including Xgwm344-7B and Xgwm146-7B, were associated with the leaf rust resistance gene. Resistance response and chromosomal position indicated that this gene is likely to be Lr14a. The SSR markers Xgwm344-7B and Xgwm146-7B and one AFLP marker also differentiated common wheat cv. Thatcher from the near-isogenic line with Lr14a, as well as durum ‘Altar C84’ from durum wheat with Lr14a. This is the first report of the presence of Lr14a in durum wheat, although the gene originally was transferred from emmer wheat ‘Yaroslav’ to common wheat. Lr14a is also present in CIMMYT-derived durum ‘Somateria’ and effective against Mexican and other P. triticina races of durum origin. Lr14a should be deployed in combination with other effective leaf rust resistance genes to prolong its effectiveness in durum wheat.

Transfer to hexaploid wheat of linked genes for adult-plant leaf rust and seedling stem rust resistance from an amphiploid of Aegilops speltoides × Triticum monococcum

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kerber ◽  
P. L. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Plant Leaf

A partially dominant gene for adult-plant leaf rust resistance together with a linked, partially dominant gene for stem rust resistance were transferred to the hexaploid wheat cultivar 'Marquis' from an amphiploid of Aegilops speltoides × Triticum monococcum by direct crossing and backcrossing. Pathological evidence indicated that the alien resistance genes were derived from Ae. speltoides. Differential transmission of the resistance genes through the male gametes occurred in hexaploid hybrids involving the resistant 'Marquis' stock and resulted in distorted segregation ratios. In heterozygotes, pairing between the chromosome arm with the alien segment and the corresponding arm of the normal wheat chromosome was greatly reduced. The apparent close linkage between the two resistance genes, 3 ± 1.07 crossover units, was misleading because of this decrease in pairing in the presence of the 5B diploidizing mechanism. The newly identified gene for adult-plant leaf rust resistance, located on chromosome 2B, is different from adult-plant resistance genes Lr12, Lr13, and Lr22 and from that in the hexaploid accession PI250413; it has been designated Lr35. It is not known whether the newly transferred gene for stem rust resistance differs from Sr32, also derived from Ae. speltoides and located on chromosomes 2B.Key words: hexaploid, Triticum, Aegilops, aneuploid, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia recondita.

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