Demonstration of Cytochemical Reaction of Alkaline Phosphatase, Myeloperoxidase and Glycogen in the Milk Polymorphonuclear Cells of Mastitic and Healthy Sheep and Goats

Abstract The levels of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) messenger RNA (mRNA) are evaluated in B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), and this transcript is found to be present only in PMNs. Precursors of the myelomonocytic pathway, represented by leukemic cells isolated from several cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in its stable and blastic phase and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), are devoid of LAP transcript. These data support the notion that LAP is a marker of the granulocyte terminal differentiation. Despite the absence of LAP mRNA in both the myeloid and the lymphoid precursors, nuclear run-on experiments show constitutive transcription of the LAP gene in leukemic cells obtained from AML, CML, as well as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). In CML and in chronic myelo-monocytic leukemia (CMML) PMNs, granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) specifically accumulates LAP mRNA without showing a substantial increase in the rate of transcription of the LAP gene. Once increased by G-CSF, LAP mRNA is very stable, showing a half- life of more than 4 hours in the presence of actinomycin-D. G-CSF is suggested to play a pivotal role in the modulation of LAP transcript in PMNs.

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Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of ovine herpesvirus-2 in sheep and goats of Al-Qadisiyah Province

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2019-0017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 424-431

Author(s):

I. Khudhair ◽

S. Al-Husseiny ◽

A. Jawad

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Phylogenetic Methods ◽

Multiple Alignments ◽

Healthy Sheep ◽

Polymerase Chain

This study aimed to identify ovine herpesvirus 2 (OHV-2) infections in sheep and goats in Al-Qadisiyah Province of Iraq, using molecular and phylogenetic methods. Nasal discharge swabs were collected from 60 sheep and 60 goats from 3 different animal sale bars. The samples were subjected to semi-nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic tests involving OHV-2 tegument protein gene (OHV-2T). The results of the semi-nested PCR showed the presence of OHV-2 in all 60 (100%) sheep and 52 (86.6%) goats. The samples from both sheep and goats were sent for partial-gene-based sequencing to confirm the PCR results. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted and 6 PCR amplicons (10%) of positive samples from each goat and sheep were submitted for sequencing. The sequence results were reassembled and deposited in the NCBI-GenBank database under the accession numbers of MF004402.1 for sheep and MG875327.1 and MG875328.1 for goats. Multiple alignments of sequences showed close identities with some global isolates of this virus. This study not only reports new sequences from the local OHV-2 isolates that have been deposited in the NCBI GenBank, but also provides important data about the presence and shedding of OHV-2 in the nasal discharge of healthy sheep and goats, and suggests OHV-2 as the major cause of malignant catarrhal fever in cattle.

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Differences in the expression of alkaline phosphatase mRNA in chronic myelogenous leukemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v73.5.1113.1113 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 73 (5) ◽

pp. 1113-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

A Rambaldi ◽

M Terao ◽

S Bettoni ◽

R Bassan ◽

R Battista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Stable Phase ◽

Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and the stable phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) are the two hematological conditions known to be associated with low levels of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) activity in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). LAP mRNA levels were determined in PMN from PNH and CML patients by RNA blotting analysis. In CML, LAP mRNA is undetectable, suggesting either decreased transcription or rapid degradation of the message. Contrarily, in PNH normal or high levels of LAP mRNA are present. This latter finding supports the concept of a deficit in the anchorage of the protein to the plasma membrane through the glycolipid pathway, even though other post-transcriptional mechanisms could be involved.

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Histochemical localization of phosphomonoesterases in Avhellina lahorea Woodland, 1927 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalida)

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00028716 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 169-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rashid Farooq ◽

H.U. Farooqi

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽

Intestinal Parasite ◽

Histochemical Localization ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Almost All ◽

Phosphatase Alkaline

AbstractNon-specific and specific phosphatases have been histochemically localized in the tissues of Avitellina lahorea, an intestinal parasite of sheep and goats. Large quantities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase were observed in almost all organs except the parenchyma where there were moderate amounts of acid phosphatase and no alkaline phosphatase; the reproductive ducts contained moderate amounts of alkaline phosphatase. 5-nucleotidase was observed only in the uterus, egg pouches and eggs and glucose-6-phosphatase activity was restricted to the tegument. The probable functions of these moieties at different sites are discussed.

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The role of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase in the diagnosis of subclinical intramammary infections in dairy sheep and goats

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029909990410 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 107-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Panagiotis D Katsoulos ◽

Georgios Christodoulopoulos ◽

Anastasios Minas ◽

Maria A Karatzia ◽

Konstantinos Pourliotis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Subclinical Infection ◽

Dairy Sheep ◽

Infection Group ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Intramammary Infections ◽

Ldh Activity

The objective was to investigate the changes occurring in the activities of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in sheep and goat milk as a result of subclinical intramammary infections (IMI) and to evaluate the use of these enzymes for the diagnosis of subclinical IMI in dairy sheep and goats. A total of 206 samples of sheep milk and 162 samples of goat milk, obtained from equal udder halves, were used in the study. For each species they were divided into two groups: a no-infection group and a subclinical infection group. Activities of LDH, ALP and AST were significantly higher in the subclinical infection group than in the no-infection group (P<0·05) in both sheep (LDH: 350·42±11·25 v. 120·91±4·41; ALP: 2773·43±105·18 v. 2189±94·24; AST: 29·57±0·74 v. 17·32±0·46) and goats (LDH: 354·07±13·33 v. 103·79±3·75; ALP: 311·13±25·74 v. 137·24±19·62; AST: 27·59±6·42 v. 15·87±0·45). The activity of LDH was identified as indicator for subclinical IMI in both sheep and goats. The optimum cut-off values for LDH activity, offering the highest diagnostic sensitivity (DSn) and diagnostic specificity (DSp), determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, were at 197 U/l, 185 U/l and 197 U/l for sheep, goats and both species, respectively. DSn for sheep, goats and both species at these cut-off values was 92·8%, 98·2% and 94·0%, whereas DSp was 95·4%, 96·3% and 96·3%, respectively. It was concluded that the determination of LDH activity in milk serum is a sensitive and reliable method for the detection of subclinical IMI in dairy sheep and goats.

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Expression of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase gene in normal and leukemic cells: regulation of the transcript by granulocyte colony- stimulating factor

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v76.12.2565.bloodjournal76122565 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

pp. 2565-2571 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A Rambaldi ◽

M Terao ◽

S Bettoni ◽

ML Tini ◽

R Bassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Leukemic Cells ◽

Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Stimulating Factor

The levels of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) messenger RNA (mRNA) are evaluated in B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), and this transcript is found to be present only in PMNs. Precursors of the myelomonocytic pathway, represented by leukemic cells isolated from several cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in its stable and blastic phase and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), are devoid of LAP transcript. These data support the notion that LAP is a marker of the granulocyte terminal differentiation. Despite the absence of LAP mRNA in both the myeloid and the lymphoid precursors, nuclear run-on experiments show constitutive transcription of the LAP gene in leukemic cells obtained from AML, CML, as well as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). In CML and in chronic myelo-monocytic leukemia (CMML) PMNs, granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) specifically accumulates LAP mRNA without showing a substantial increase in the rate of transcription of the LAP gene. Once increased by G-CSF, LAP mRNA is very stable, showing a half- life of more than 4 hours in the presence of actinomycin-D. G-CSF is suggested to play a pivotal role in the modulation of LAP transcript in PMNs.

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