Role of Genomic tools for Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] improvement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayata Singh ◽  
N. R. Yadav ◽  
Jogendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genomic Tools ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Trait Associations

Molecular markers are routinely utilized worldwide in all major crops as a component of breeding. The pace of development of molecular markers, establishment of marker–trait associations for important agronomic traits and other genomic sources has been accelerated in other pulses than the mungbean. The efforts are underway to use high-throughput genotyping platforms besides developing more genomic resources. So far, progress in the use of marker-assisted selection as a part of mungbean breeding programmes has been very limited. In this article, we have reviewed the progress made, limitations encountered and future possibilities for the application of marker-assisted selection in the genetic improvement of mungbean crops.

scholarly journals Application Techniques of Molecular Marker and Achievement of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) in Three Major Crops Rice, Wheat and Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gul Arabzai ◽  
Hameed Gul
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
New Varieties

With the discovery of new genetic technology, the researcher focuses on using DNA molecular markers to improve new varieties worldwide. Such as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and enhancing quality and quantity at different plant breeding fields. Conventional breeding selection is based on phenotype data selection, time-consuming, and has a high chance of linkage drag. Thus, DNA molecular marker method usage is faster, easy, and not expensive than conventional breeding programs. This review focused on applying molecular markers such as genetic diversity analysis, the genotype of identification and fingerprinting, gene tagging and mapping, QTL analysis, and marker-assisted selection. In another part of this review, we focused on MAS's achievements related to improving agronomic traits, quality traits, and biotic/abiotic stresses for three major cereal crops like Wheat, Rice, and Maize.

scholarly journals Role of Molecular Markers in Crop Breeding: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajitha Jayakumar Nair ◽  
Manoj Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Entire Genome

Molecular markers are effective tools used to ‘flag’ the location of a specific gene or the inheritance of a definite trait. Markers are unique DNA fragments that can be identified inside the entire genome. The development of molecular markers combined with high throughput technologies have paved the way for achieving the desirable traits as well as induced biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plant, which enhanced the crop breeding. Highly polymorphic molecular markers are developed for gene mapping, estimation of genetic diversity, finding out the evolution and phylogeny of crop, analysis of heterosis, assessment of diploid/haploid crops and genotyping of cultivars along with Marker Assisted Breeding (MAB)/Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). These are the most significant objectives for crop breeding. This review reveals about the role of various recently developed molecular markers in the improvement of crop. Molecular markers act as a “milestone” for the researchers who aim to enhance crop breeding.

Molecular Markers of Arachis and Marker-Assisted Selection

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Stalker ◽  
L. G. Mozingo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Arachis Species ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Efficient Selection ◽  
Donor Species

Abstract Many agronomic traits are difficult to select in Arachis hypogaea L. by conventional selection techniques, and marker-assisted selection offers an additional tool for obtaining improved germplasm lines. Molecular markers allow more efficient selection and offer a mechanism to eliminate undesirable traits associated with hybridizing diverse genotypes. The cultivated peanut has been analyzed by several marker systems, including RFLPs, RAPDs, AFLPs, and SSRs. Variation has been observed among diverse genotypes in approximately 5% of the markers analyzed, but the number is much lower between pairs of A. hypogaea lines. Conversely, a large amount of variation has been observed among Arachis species. Molecular maps have been constructed independently in two laboratories by utilizing Arachis species; however, a map of the cultivated peanut will be very difficult and costly to produce. Studies of advanced-generation inter-specific hybrids have shown that A. cardenasii genes can be incorporatead into most linkage groups of A. hypogaea, indicating that A. hypogaea is not an allotetraploid in the classical sense where chromosomes from donor species are nonhomologous. Other molecular studies have identified A. duranensis and A. ipaensis as likely progenitor species of A. hypogaea. Associations of molecular markers with genes conditioning disease and insect resistances have been detected, and these investigations are beginning to be productive for selecting improved breeding lines and cultivars of peanut.

Review of genetic diversity studies in almond (Prunus dulcis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Szikriszt ◽  
A. Hegedűs ◽  
J. Halász
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity ◽  
Recent Occurrence ◽  
Diversity Studies

Almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.] is cultivated for its nuts and is one of the oldest domesticated plants. Due to the genetically controlled self-incompatibility system that operates in this species, almond is characterized by great genetic diversity, the estimation of which has benefited from a range of marker techniques, including morphological characteristics, isoenzyme detection and molecular markers. Among the DNA-based molecular markers, simple sequence repeats (SSR) have been used most widely, although analyses have ranged from restriction fragment length polymorphism to the most recent single nucleotide polymorphism detection methods. Molecular markers have also been used to trace specific agronomic traits, e.g. self-(in)compatibility or kernel bitterness. Genetic diversity studies in almond have not revealed a direct relationship between the level of diversity and the origin of the germplasm. This might be explained by the relatively recent occurrence of self-compatibility in almond, which has not yet caused a serious loss of genetic diversity. The markers reviewed will be useful in monitoring and maintaining genetic diversity in almond breeding programmes, while others may permit marker-assisted selection for favourable agronomic traits. The cultivation, breeding and conservation of wild-growing almonds may equally benefit from the genetic diversity studies (especially those applying molecular markers).

scholarly journals The role of molecular markers and marker assisted selection in breeding for organic agriculture

Euphytica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Lammerts van Bueren ◽  
G. Backes ◽  
H. de Vriend ◽  
H. Østergård
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection

Marker-assisted selection for the development of improved barley and wheat lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hudcovicová ◽  
V. Šudyová ◽  
S. Šliková ◽  
E. Gregová ◽  
J. Kraic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Wheat Lines

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an efficient modern method for transferring alleles or specific chromosome segments including important agronomic traits into elite cultivars. This approach makes genotypic selection possible, whereby the selection process is more effective. The Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany uses genetic markers linked to important traits in the following pre-breeding programmes: 1. development of winter barley lines resistant to BaYMV/BaMMV, 2. development of spring barley lines resistant to BYDV, 3. development of winter wheat lines resistant to leaf rust (gene pyramiding), 4. improvement of wheat quality by new combination(s) of known HMW-GS and/or by introduction of novel HMW-GS alleles. Several hundreds of genotypes are usually analysed for the presence or absence of linked molecular markers and selected for use in breeding programmes.

Inheritance and Correlation Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) by Mixed Linear Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-631
Author(s):  
Chang-You LIU ◽  
Bao-Jie FAN ◽  
Zhi-Min CAO ◽  
Yan WANG ◽  
Zhi-Xiao ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Mixed Linear Models
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