Drug Use Predictors of Partner Violence in Opiate-Dependent Women

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon D. Brewer ◽  
Charles B. Fleming ◽  
Kevin P. Haggerty ◽  
Richard F. Catalano
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Opiate Addiction ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Heavy Users

This paper examines the use of specific drugs as longitudinal predictors of violence between domestic partners in a sample of women in methadone treatment for opiate addiction. Crack cocaine use, use of other forms of cocaine, and tranquilizer use are each modestly to moderately positively associated with partner violence victimization. Women who were heavy users of these drugs were more likely to be hit, slapped, or shoved by their partners than light users or nonusers of these drugs. Three possible explanations of these associations are considered.

Examining a migration-based phenomenon of heroin use in an urban drug scene in Sao Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ribeiro ◽  
Rosana Frajzinger ◽  
Luciane Ogata Perrenoud ◽  
Benedikt Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Brazil’s street-based drug use is mostly characterized by non-injection psychostimulant (e.g. crack-cocaine) drug use in Brazil, with limited interventions and service availability. Recently, an influx of multi-ethnic migrants within an urban drug scene in Sao Paulo was associated with heroin use, a drug normatively absent from Brazil. The purpose of this paper is to characterize and compare heroin use-related characteristics and outcomes for an attending sub-sample of clients from a large community-based treatment centre (“CRATOD”) serving Sao Paulo’s local urban drug scene. Design/methodology/approach All non-Brazilian patients (n = 109) receiving services at CRATOD for 2013–2016 were identified from patient files, divided into heroin users (n = 40) and non-heroin users (n = 69). Based on chart reviews, select socio-demographic, drug use and health status (including blood-borne-virus and other infections per rapid test methods) were examined and bi-variately compared. Multi-variate analyses examined factors independently associated with heroin use. Findings Most participants were male and middle-aged, poly-drug users and socio-economically marginalized. While heroin users primarily originated from Africa, they reported significantly more criminal histories, drug (e.g. injection) and sex-risk behaviors and elevated rates of BBV (e.g. Hepatitis C Virus and HIV). A minority of heroin users attending the clinic was provided methadone treatment, mostly for detoxification. Originality/value This study documented information on a distinct sample of mostly migration-based heroin users in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Based on the local experience, global migration dynamics can bring changes to established drug use cultures and services, including new challenges for drug use-related related behaviors and therapeutic interventions that require effective understanding and addressing.

Drug Use among Juvenile Arrestees: A Comparison of Self-Report, Urinalysis and Hair Assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Feucht ◽  
Richard C. Stephens ◽  
Michael L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Heavy Users ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Concentration Levels

Interviews, urinalysis, and hair assay were conducted with eighty-eight juvenile arrestees in Cleveland over a two-month period. Hair assay revealed that fifty of the eighty-eight subjects (56.8%) had used cocaine; concentration levels were generally moderate to high. In sharp contrast, urinalysis results identified only seven subjects (8%) as having recently used cocaine. Crosstabulations of urinalysis and sectioned hair assay results indicate that the two detection methods are in greatest concordance for subjects who were heavy users of cocaine and who used cocaine in the last thirty days (as determined by hair assay). Even for these subjects, however, concordance is modest. The data show that self-reports of drug use yield severe underestimates of the prevalence of cocaine use in this population. Implications of the general lack of concordance of the two testing methods are discussed, especially in terms of intervention.

Crack Cocaine in Germany — Current State of Affairs

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heino Stoever
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Basic Care ◽  
Crack Use ◽  
Use Pattern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Use Pattern

Crack cocaine first appeared in German drug markets during the mid-1990s. For several years the drug could only be found in Frankfurt and Hamburg, major cities with large open drug scenes and well-established transportation infrastructures (these cities contain the largest airport and the biggest harbor in Germany). More recently, however, crack cocaine has been found in other cities as well. Police and drug treatment service data suggest that there has been a continuous, although not dramatic, increase in its use. Crack use is typically part of a poly-drug use pattern (used in combination with heroin, benzodiazepines, methadone and alcohol) in metropolitan areas. Most users are well known to the institutions providing counseling and basic care (contact and sleeping houses and methadone treatment centers), and to the police. In addition to well-known members of the visible/open drug scene, three other groups are using crack: marginalized juveniles, young male and female prostitutes and young migrants. At present there is no research data indicating whether these groups have established a stable pattern of use or if they are drifting into a poly-drug use pattern. This paper provides epidemiological data on crack use in Germany, an assessment of future prevalence estimates and speculation about the impact increasing crack use is likely to have on local drug treatment services.

scholarly journals P1-S2.65 Crack/cocaine use among MSM in Latin America: a multilevel analysis of RDS studies to identify drug use patterns and associated factors across cities

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A150-A150
Author(s):  
J. O. Jacobson ◽  
M. Alonso-Gonzalez ◽  
D. Ramachandran ◽  
S. Morales-Miranda ◽  
A. Carballo-Dieguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Drug Use Patterns

Maternal crack cocaine use in rats leads to depressive- and anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment, and increased seizure susceptibility in the offspring

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 34-50
Author(s):  
Amanda Larissa Dias Pacheco ◽  
Igor Santana de Melo ◽  
Fernanda Maria Araújo de Souza ◽  
Dannyele Cynthia Santos Pimentel Nicácio ◽  
Jucilene Freitas-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Seizure Susceptibility ◽  
Cocaine Use

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of intimate partner violence in the LGBT community

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Papadakaki ◽  
F Zioti ◽  
Z N Karadimitriou ◽  
M Papadopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Childhood Victimization ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Abstract Background The study aimed at measuring the prevalence and identifying the risk factors of intimate partner violence in individuals from the LGBT community. Methods A total of 180 individuals participated in the study, both male and female, aged 18-60 years, living in the broader area of Athens, Greece. Snowball sampling was applied to identify eligible individuals and social media were employed to recruit them. The questionnaire explored the violence victimization and perpetration in their relationships, the preferred reaction to various forms of violence and the role of childhood victimization in adulthood experiences of violence. Results 72.8% were homosexual, 26.7% bisexual, 81.7 % were women with a mean age of 25.2 years (6.0 standard deviation). A total of 67.2% were subjected to verbal abuse before the age of 16, 49.4% to physical violence, 6.7% to sexual violence and 46.7% were neglected. The prevalence of violence victimization was higher than the prevalence of violence perpetration (mean 9.81 and 5.92 respectively). Psychological violence was the most common among other forms of violence, both in victimization (psychological 7.34, physical 1.66, sexual 0.81) and perpetration (psychological 4.48, physical 1.26, sexual 0.18). In hypothetical scenarios of psychological violence, the majority of participants preferred separation and discussion about boundaries as strategies to deal with the situation (56.1 and 45.0 respectively), in scenarios of physical violence they primarily preferred separation and secondarily asking a professional advice (73.3 and 20.6, respectively) and in sexual violence they primarily preferred a discussion about boundaries and secondarily separation (69.4% and 31.7% respectively). Experiences of childhood victimization (p=.006), and female gender (p=.002), were found to be associated at a statistically significant level with violent victimization in adulthood. Conclusions Further research is necessary to identify groups at risk of victimization. Key messages Preventive efforts need to take into account individual sociodemographic and attitudinal characteristics that increase the risk of victimization. Experiences of victimization during childhood are highly associated with victimization in adulthood.

Smoke Gets in the Eye: A systematic review of case reports of ocular complications of crack cocaine use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Gohil ◽  
Miroslav Miskovic ◽  
Jane A. Buxton ◽  
Simon P. Holland ◽  
Carol Strike
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Cocaine Use
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