Females’ Labor Force Participation and Intimate Femicide: An Empirical Assessment of the Backlash Hypothesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edem F. Avakame
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Paid Labor ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the Supplementary Homicide Reports in conjunction with 1990 U.S. census data in a cross-sectional analysis, this paper tests the proposition that increased participation of women in the paid labor force will elevate the incidence of females’ intimate homicide victimization. In part, results support the backlash hypothesis. Specifically, they suggest that a growth in the female labor force participation rate decreases the poverty rate. Reductions in the poverty rate, in turn, augment the incidence of intimate lethal violence against women. We discuss the theoretical implications of these results.

Labor Market Assimilation of Immigrant Women

ILR Review ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Schoeni
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Census Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Life Cycle Patterns ◽  
Women's Labor Force Participation

Using 1970, 1980, and 1990 U.S. census data, the author examines the life-cycle patterns of immigrant women's labor force participation. He finds that the cross-sectional approach that has been used in all previous studies leads to a substantial over-estimate of the degree to which immigrant women's assimilation increases their labor force participation. The effect of assimilation found by using the cohort approach, however (which acknowledges the possibility that patterns of labor force participation partly reflect the year of immigration), is still sizable. The effect is concentrated within the first 10 years after arrival. There are substantial differences in participation and assimilation by country of birth. Immigrants from Japan, Korea, and China are found to have experienced the greatest degree of assimilation, with an effect that raises the probability of working by 20 percentage points during the first 10 years after arriving in the United States.

scholarly journals The Potential Labor Supply: A Cross-Sectional Estimation Method

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
John R. Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

This paper addresses conceptual inadequacies of standard labor force and unemployment statistics for the purpose of representing relative stocks of available labor among regions. It attempts to rectify some of these inadequacies by applying relatively simple statistical adjustments. These are based on secondary data relating to local population characteristics and national participation rate norms.Current criteria used to determine labor force participation depend on solicited statements regarding attempts of an individual to secure employment, or his current status as a gainfully employed person. Using labor force participation as defined by these criteria, it has been observed that labor-force size varies directly with level of economic activity and demand for labor over time. During periods in which unemployment rises, the size of the labor force normally declines.

scholarly journals Women's Labor Force Participation and Economic Growth: Evidence from Transition Economies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe Algan ◽  
Duygu Serin Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Women's Labor Force Participation

Sustainable economic growth at national and global level depends on the significant participation of women in the labor force. Because women compose half of the world population in terms of human capital and labor. Despite the developments in recent years, there is still gender inequality in labor markets around the world and labor force participation rate of women is lower than men. There are many factors affecting the participation of women in the labor force in all developed and developing countries. The effect levels of these factors on the participation rate differ depending on the development levels of the countries. In this context, the role of women's education and labor force participation on development is an important issue especially for all developing country. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the relationship between women's labor force participation rates and economic growth in transition economies. For this purpose, the generalized method of moments, which is a dynamic panel data analysis technique, is applied in the study using data between 1995-2019. Analysis findings reveal that there is a U-shaped relationship between women's labor force participation rate and economic growth in transition economies competible with the literature. As a result, reducing gender inequality and increasing women's labor force participation rates positively affect economic growth, income inequality and social welfare, so it is great importance that policy practitioners create a comprehensive women's employment policy and ensure that women play an active role in the labor force.

scholarly journals ANALISIS VARIABEL YANG MEMPENGARUHI PARTISIPASI TENAGA KERJA WANITA DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puguh Harijadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
High School ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
School Graduate ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Participation Of Women

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the number of female labor were educated (junior high school graduate, high school graduate, obedience diploma and graduate Strara 1), salary, and economic growth affect the female labor force participation rate in Indonesia. This study used panel data regression equation by using Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Results from this study indicate the number of female labor are educated, salary and economic growth simultaneously affect the female labor force participation rate in Indonesia, partially indicates the number of educated women who graduated junior and senior high positive and significant impact on the labor force participation of women in the province in Indonesia. The number of women labor who graduated from high school and graduate educated Strata 1, salary, and economic growth effect labor force participation of women in Indonesia.Keywords: Educated woman laborforce, wages, economic growth, womanlabor force participation rate

Labor Force Trends and Immigration in Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Feld
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
European Community ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Early Effect ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
National Characteristics

Labor force trends up to 2025 for the fifteen countries (before May 1, 2004) of the European Community are examined. Will demographic decline have an early effect on manpower volume? An estimation is made to determine whether present migratory flow levels in these countries will be sufficient to counter labor force stagnation. Manpower trend scenarios are proposed for each country. They show highly contrasting situations. These countries favor different policies for mobilizing and increasing their manpower volume. There is wide divergence between the various EU countries as concerns their demographic situation and labor force participation rate as well as their social security systems. Considering these highly diverse national characteristics, the difficulty in arriving at a consensus on EU migratory policy harmonization is stressed.

scholarly journals Female Labor Market Participation and Economic Growth: The Case of Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Khaliq ◽  
Dilawar Khan ◽  
Sultan Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Hamayun ◽  
Barkat Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Labor Force Participation Rate ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Adf Test

Female labor force plays a significant role in the economic development of a country. The core objective of this paper is to examine the nexus between female labor force participation rate and Pakistan’s economic growth using time series data for the period 1990-2014. The data was extracted from World Development Indicators database. Augmented-Dickey Fuller (ADF) test was applied to examine the data for unit root. The results show that both the variables--- female labor force participation rate and economic growth---are stationary at first difference i.e. I(1). The error correction model (ECM) and Johansen co-integration tests were used to examine the co-integration relation between the variables. The econometric results conclude that there is long-run and a U-shaped link between economic growth and women labor force participation rate of Pakistan. The results conclude that lower female labor force participation rate leads to lower economic growth in Pakistan. This paper has important policy implications, suggests that policies intend to remove such barriers could help to enhance the Pakistan’s economic growth.

scholarly journals Determinants of Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan An Empirical Analysis of PSLM (2004-05) Micro Data

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (Special Edition) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehak Ejaz
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Positive Effects

This paper seeks to identify the major determinants of female labor force participation in Pakistan, specifically with reference to rural and urban areas. Limited dependent variable techniques (Logit and Probit) are utilized to determine the factors affecting female labor force participation. This analysis uses data taken from the PSLM (Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey, 2004-05) which measure individual and household characteristics of females between the ages of 15-49. Empirical results suggest that age, educational attainment and marital status have significant and positive effects on female labor force participation (FLFP). When women belong to the nuclear family and have access to vehicles, they are more likely are they to participate in economic activities, whereas a large number of children and the availability of home appliances reduces the probability of FLFP. The results imply that reducing the child care burden on females and facilitating educational attainment would lead to a higher labor force participation rate for females in Pakistan.

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