Youth Violence in South Africa: Exposure, Attitudes, and Resilience in Zulu Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ewon Choe ◽  
Marc A. Zimmerman ◽  
Bashi Devnarain
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Adult Involvement ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Exposure to violence is common in South Africa. Yet, few studies examine how violence exposure contributes to South African adolescents’ participation in youth violence. The aims of this study were to examine effects of different violence exposures on violent attitudes and behavior, to test whether attitudes mediated effects of violence exposures on violent behavior, and to test whether adult involvement had protective or promotive effects. Questionnaires were administered to 424 Zulu adolescents in township high schools around Durban, South Africa. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test associations among violence exposures and both violent attitudes and behavior. Victimization, witnessing violence, and friends’ violent behavior contributed directly to violent behavior. Only family conflict and friends’ violence influenced violent attitudes. Attitudes mediated effects of friends’ violence on violent behavior. Multiple-group SEM indicated that adult involvement fit a protective model of resilience. These findings are discussed regarding their implications for prevention.

Gender Differences on Attitudes and Participation in an Extracurricular Gymnastics Course Among Greek University Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios C. Milosis ◽  
Athanasios G. Papaioannou ◽  
Theophanis A. Siatras ◽  
Miltiadis Proios ◽  
Michael Proios
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Path Structure ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The aims of the study were (a) to test the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict Greek university students’ voluntary participation in an extracurricular gymnastics course, and (b) to evaluate gender differences. Two hundred sixty-three (127 female, 136 male) students participated in the study. Students’ attitudes, intention, and PBC were measured with a questionnaire and their attendance in the course was recorded by the teacher. Results from the MANOVA conducted showed that females had higher scores compared with males in all observed variables. Results from the structural equation modeling (SEM) employed supported the usefulness of TPB to explain students’ attitudes and behavior toward extracurricular physical activities (PA). Differences also emerged on path structure of the relationships among the variables.

Brand Image and Fan Loyalty in Professional Team Sport: A Refined Model and Empirical Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans H. Bauer ◽  
Nicola E. Stokburger-Sauer ◽  
Stefanie Exler
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Brand Strategy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Team Brand

This study highlights the importance of brand image for fan loyalty in team sport. A parsimonious 4-factor, 20-indicator structure effectively represents brand image. In contrast to Keller’s proposed model, relationships between the brand image’s components were discovered. Thus, in line with means-end theory, a brand-image model should incorporate causalities among brand attributes, benefits, and attitudes. Fan loyalty is positively influenced by a fan’s brand attitude. Relationships among the brand-image dimensions and loyalty are confirmed via structural equation modeling. The non-product-related brand attributes (i.e., logo or tradition) have a particularly large impact on attitudes and behavior. They represent promising starting points for a successful and differentiating team brand strategy.

scholarly journals Spectators’ Awareness, Attitudes and Behaviors towards a Stadium’s Social Media Campaign

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Ricard W. Jensen ◽  
Yam B. Limbu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between spectator’s awareness, attitudes, and behaviors related to social media efforts developed by a major sports stadium. Data was collected through in-person interviews from individuals who attended a sports event at a major stadium. The hypothesized relationships were assessed by using structural equation modeling technique. The results confirm the relationships between awareness, attitudes, and behavior; awareness of a stadium’s social media presence influences following the stadium on social media directly and indirectly by promoting positive attitudes toward a stadium’s social media campaign. In addition, following the stadium on social media is positively related to attendance and sharing of information using stadium’s social media. Implications of these findings for stadium marketers are discussed.</p>

Using Structural Equation Modeling to Analyze Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Concerning Wetland Conservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1418-1422
Author(s):  
Fong Jueh Ho ◽  
Yaw Jian Lin ◽  
Hsin Yi Kuo ◽  
Yung Chuan Huang ◽  
Chung Yi Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Wetland Conservation ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This study surveyed 338 the 5th and 6th grade students at an elementary school in Pingtung County, Taiwan, after they received three months education on wetland conservation. A total of 325 valid responses were received, accounting for 96.2% of the students. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the outcome showed that the structural model of wetland conservation passed the normality test and that the model had a good fit. It was understood through path coefficients that conservation attitude is a partial mediator. The total effect of conservation knowledge on conservation attitude and behavior is 0.78, and the total effect of conservation attitude on conservation behavior is 0.59.

How experiences with trading a company’s stock influence customer attitudes and purchasing behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvid O. I. Hoffmann ◽  
Dana Ketteler
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Customer Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential spill-over effects from negative (and positive) experiences with trading a company’s stock on shareowner-customers’ emotions and subsequent customer attitudes and behavior. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual framework that links selling a stock for a loss (or gain), emotions, and customer attitudes and behaviors is developed. The framework is tested with data from a sample of Dutch investors that is analyzed with structural equation modeling through the partial least squares method in SmartPLS. Findings – Selling a stock for a loss vs selling a stock for a gain have different effects on shareowner-customers’ attitudes and behavior toward the company. Losses induce negative emotions which in turn result in lower satisfaction and behavioral loyalty as well as in increased propensity to complain about the company. Investment gains, however, result in more positive emotions which then lead to increased preference of the company whose stocks were traded over its competitors and increased engagement in positive word-of-mouth (WOM). Research limitations/implications – The study is focussed on shareowner-customers’ experiences with stocks of companies active in the consumer industry. Future research could address whether the results generalize to other industries. Practical implications – The findings emphasize the importance of a close collaboration between the marketing and investor relation departments. Complaints of shareowner-customers should be taken seriously and incentives to stimulate repurchases as well as those that encourage positive WOM engagement are recommended. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine possible negative spill-over effects from experiences obtained during stock trading on shareowner-customers’ attitudes and behaviors toward the stock’s company.

scholarly journals Employee perceptions of diversity management in the hospitality industry

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishna G. Mistry ◽  
Fevzi Okumus ◽  
Marissa Orlowski
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

PurposeDiversity management is of great importance in the hospitality industry, resulting in a host of constructive consequences if managed effectively. However, there is a deficiency of investigation surrounding the outcomes of diversity management on the employees' attitudes and behavior in the hospitality industry. This research sought to investigate the influence of diversity management on workers' performance and conduct in the hospitality industry.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study used survey data from 565 hospitality industry employees. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships from the research model.FindingsThis study identified a relationship between diversity management and positive workforce-related outcomes, including job performance, service innovation behavior and employee engagement in the hospitality industry.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study will push the confines of diversity management scholarship and initiate new paths of academic inquiry. Hospitality industry managers can also identify the benefits of effective diversity management as a consequence of this study.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the growing literature on diversity management as an essential aspect of human resources management in promoting positive employee attitudes and behaviors.

The influence of corporate social responsibility on travel company employees

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Park ◽  
Choong-Ki Lee ◽  
Hyesun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how employees’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) influence their work engagement (WE), innovative behavior (IB) and intention to stay (IS) with their company, to illuminate the role of CSR at the individual employee level. Design/methodology/approach The data for this study are responses of 455 employees to an online survey at the largest travel company in South Korea. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in Mplus 7.3 are used to analyze the data. Findings Results show that employee perceptions of CSR regarding customers and employees significantly and positively influence their WE, which in turn positively influence their IB and IS. Moreover, WE mediates these relationships. Research limitations/implications Results of this study may not represent the entire travel industry or the country. This study’s model should be tested in other companies and countries. Additionally, longitudinal studies will help understand how employees’ perceptions of CSR and their effects on work attitudes and behavior change over time. Practical implications CSR can be an important tool for developing social capital within an organization by increasing employees’ engagement at work. Higher WE can help employees exert more efforts toward their company’s innovation and stay longer with their company, which can contribute to the company’s performance and competitiveness. Originality/value This study develops and empirically tests a theoretical model based on various disciplines. It extends existing CSR studies by examining the effects of CSR on WE and the mediation effects of WE, which have been rarely explored. This further explains how CSR influences employees’ attitudes and behavior that benefit a company’s competitive advantage to shed light on the resource-based view about employees being an important resource.

Nature, Nurture, and Ethnocentrism in the Minnesota Twin Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D'Andra Orey ◽  
Hyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Ace Model ◽  
Classical Twin Design ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

The preponderance of research on the study of ethnocentrism has primarily attributed such attitudes to learned behavior. The research here advances the argument that both socialization and genetic inheritance contribute to the development of ethnocentric attitudes and behavior. This analysis employs the Minnesota Twins Political Survey data consisting of 596 complete twin pairs. Using the classical twin design, we employed structural equation modeling to model the covariance of twins in regards to additive genetic effects, shared environmental effects, and unique environmental effects (i.e., the classic ACE model). The findings reveal that genetic inheritance is significant in explaining the variance in genetic attitudes. Specifically, genetic inheritance explains 18% of the variance, with the overwhelming 82% being explained by the unique environment.

Motivating and Retaining Festival Patronage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461
Author(s):  
Michelle (Myongjee) Yoo ◽  
Miranda Kitterlin-Lynch ◽  
Bomin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Customer Relationship Marketing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Globally, festivals and host communities face increased competition each year from one another and from the myriad of alternate entertainment options. To remain competitive, festival organizers must fully understand what keeps festival attendees coming back year after year. Festivalscape has been an emerging concept of value in this arena, and previous studies have found that festivalscape has an effect on the attendees' emotion and behavior that influences their overall perceived value of the festival. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between festivalscape and the attendees' motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and a structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Study results support the hypotheses, indicating the importance of using festivalscape factors for festival organization and management and effective customer relationship marketing. Further, this study provides academic contributions to theoretical foundations by confirming the effects of these factors. This study also provides practical implications for managing festivals effectively and successfully.

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