The Combination of Health Anxiety and Somatic Symptoms: Examining Associations With Health-Related Beliefs and Gender Differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Fergus ◽  
David P. Valentiner ◽  
Jacob B. Holzman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender

Current diagnostic criteria suggest that some individuals experience health anxiety and severe somatic symptoms, whereas others experience health anxiety and either no or mild somatic symptoms. However, to date, our understanding of potential differences among individuals with health anxiety and varying severity of somatic symptoms remains limited. Adopting a dimensional approach, we completed this study to help fill this gap in the literature by examining whether the interactive effect between health anxiety and somatic symptoms was related to health-related beliefs among men (n = 211) and women (n = 220). Among both men and women, health anxiety was related to certain health-related beliefs, particularly anxiety sensitivity, only when coupled with severe somatic symptoms. Conceptual and therapeutic implications of these results are discussed.

Successful Reintegration and Mental Health: An Examination of Gender Differences Among Reentering Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. Bakken ◽  
Christy A. Visher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
And Gender

Men and women exiting the correctional system represent a population at high risk for mental health problems, and the body of research on the mental health needs of former prisoners is growing. These mental health problems pose challenges for individuals at every stage of the criminal justice process, from arrest to incarceration to reentry and reintegration. This article examines the mental health status and gender differences among a sample of 352 men and women leaving confinement and the role that mental health problems played in shaping their reentry outcomes using data collected between 2002 and 2005. In the year after leaving prison, men and women with mental health problems reported worse health indicators and less satisfactory social factors, such as employment, housing, and family support. The article concludes with a discussion of recommendations for improved policy and practice for assisting former prisoners with mental health problems during reintegration.

The Role of Deceptive Communication and Gender in Shaping Online Dating Interactions

2019 ◽  
pp. 460-474
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Kuzio
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
General Population ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Deceptive Communication

Online dating is becoming an increasingly used method for meeting significant others. As the research of lying behavior has advanced so has the technique of detecting the act of lying, especially in the online environment where deception is more likely to happen. The aim of this chapter is to simplify the perception of lying behavior to the general population and examine gender differences of lying behavior, namely, to verify whether one can observe a statistically significant difference in the speech behavior and exploitation of lying cues among men and women. The study shows correlation between gender and deception in online environment.

Illness perceptions among osteoporotic men and women: correlates and gender differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Offer Emanuel Edelstein ◽  
Perla Werner ◽  
Rivka Dresner-Pollak ◽  
Karen Tordjman ◽  
Anat Jaffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender

Age, Ethnic and Gender Differences in Physical Fitness of Middle-School Children in East Texas

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel E. Finkenberg ◽  
James M. Dinucci
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Black Children ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Middle School Children ◽  
Rural School District ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender

This research studied the health-related physical fitness status of boys and girls in Grades 5 and 6 in a rural school district in East Texas in an examination of possible age, ethnic, and gender differences. A three-way multivariate analysis of variance was conducted with gender, ethnicity, and age as the independent variables and nine physical measurements as the dependent variables. Height was the most important discriminating physical measurement, with girls significantly taller than boys at ages 10 and 11 and with boys significantly taller than girls at age 13. Canonical discriminant function separated black children from both Caucasian and Hispanic children in height, weight, mile run, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Online Health-Related Search Behaviors Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 660-660
Author(s):  
Matthew Picchiello ◽  
Payton Rule ◽  
Tina Lu ◽  
Brian Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Health Care Information ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Search Behaviors

Abstract Nearly 60% of older adults use the internet for health-related reasons. Some studies have demonstrated differences in the frequency at which men and women perform various online activities. However, few studies have investigated gender differences in health-related search behaviors (HRSB). The purpose of this study was to examine differences in self-reported HRSB between older men and women. A total of 47 older adults (M age = 66.6, 55% female, 87% White) completed a survey assessing perceived usefulness and trust in the internet for health-care information, types of websites used, and reasons for looking up health information. Independent samples t-tests revealed that, compared to women, men regard the internet as more useful in helping them make health care decisions (t (45) = 2.715) and as a more trustworthy source (t (45) = 2.24, p's < 0.05). Men were more likely to get health information through sources affiliated with educational institutions (χ2(1) = 3.9) and government agencies (χ2(1) = 8.8), whereas women were more likely to use social media, (χ2(1) = 4.3, p's < 0.05). Lastly, men were more likely to use the internet to learn about information on medical procedures (χ2(1) = 5.1), while women were more likely to learn about alternative treatments (χ2(1) = 4.9, p 's < 0.05) online. As 72.3% of participants indicated the internet as their first source for health information, interventions geared towards enhancing HRSB for older adults are needed, especially for older women whose HRSB may make them particularly vulnerable to misinformation.

scholarly journals The stories that make us: Leaders’ origin stories and temporal identity work

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872672090986
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Alyson Meister ◽  
Brianna Barker Caza
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Leader Identity ◽  
Origin Stories ◽  
Four Frames ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Over Time

The stories we tell about our origins can shape how we think and act – helping us make sense of and communicate who we have “become” over time. To better understand the role that origin stories play in individuals’ work lives, we explore how 92 men and women leaders make sense of “becoming” a leader (origin stories) and “doing” leadership (enactment stories). We find that, despite the uniqueness of their experiences, their narratives converge around four frames, being, engaging, performing, and accepting, through which they understand, articulate, and enact their leader identities. We theorize that these narrative frames serve as sensemaking and identity work devices which allow them to create temporal coherence, validate their leader identity claims, and offer them behavioral scripts. Our findings also unearth key gender differences in the use of these frames, in that men used the performing frame more often and women tended toward the engaging frame. These findings provide novel insights into the ways in which the gendered context of leadership becomes embedded in leaders’ understandings of who they are and what they intend to do in their roles. We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings on scholarly conversations around identity, leadership, and gender.

scholarly journals Gender difference in sickness absence: Do managers evaluate men and women differently with regard to the appropriateness of sickness absence?

2019 ◽  
pp. 140349481989078
Author(s):  
Arne Mastekaasa ◽  
Harald Dale-Olsen ◽  
Tale Hellevik ◽  
Gøril K. Løset ◽  
Kjersti M. Østbakken
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Effective Sample Size ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
Managerial Employees

Aims: Women have much higher rates of sickness absence than men, but the causes of the difference are not well understood. This study examines whether managers have more lenient attitudes towards women’s than towards men’s absence, as this might contribute to higher rates of sickness absence among women. Differences between managers and other employees are also assessed. Methods: Vignettes were used to measure attitudes towards the legitimacy of sickness absence. The vignettes consisted of brief case descriptions of individuals considering asking their physicians for sick leave, with information about the medical condition (mainly taken from the descriptions in ICPC-2), occupation and gender. Respondents judged how appropriate sickness absence was in each case. Quota sampling was used, and the effective sample size was 899 managers and 1396 other employees, with each respondent evaluating either four or six vignettes. Generalised ordinal logistic regression was used. Results: The gender of the vignette person had no effect on the managers’ evaluations of the appropriateness of sickness absence. Irrespective of the gender of the vignette person, however, managers were generally more restrictive than non-managers. Conclusions: Different attitudes on the part of managers towards sickness absence in men and women do not seem to contribute to gender differences in sickness absence, but managers are generally more restrictive compared to non-managerial employees.

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