Failure of Saliva Sampling in the QF2011 Queensland Flood Study Examining the Effects of Prenatal Maternal Stress on Neonatal Stress Reactivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Simcock ◽  
Helen Stapleton ◽  
Sue Kildea ◽  
Laura Shoo ◽  
David P. Laplante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Newborn Screen ◽  
Hospital Policies ◽  
Heel Prick ◽  
The Impact

The study was designed to investigate the impact of disaster-related prenatal maternal stress on neonates’ reactivity to the routinely administered, painful, newborn screen procedure (heelstick or heel prick). We hypothesized that pregnancy exposure to a flood stressor would affect fetal developmental pathways and subsequently neonatal responses to other stressful events, including the newborn screen. The pregnant women we recruited were affected by sudden onset floods in Queensland, Australia in 2011. Using methods similar to those described in the literature, we collected neonatal saliva immediately prior to the newborn screen and +20 and +40 min afterwards. Saliva sampling was halted after failed saliva collection attempts by trained research staff on 17 newborns. This article discusses reasons for our failure, including the influence of bioethical concerns and the requirement that research activities are compliant with hospital policies as well as the necessity of publishing studies that fail to replicate prior research.

Childhood body mass index at 5.5 years mediates the effect of prenatal maternal stress on daughters’ age at menarche: Project Ice Storm

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Duchesne ◽  
A. Liu ◽  
S. L. Jones ◽  
D. P. Laplante ◽  
S. King
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact

Early pubertal timing is known to put women at greater risk for adverse physiological and psychological health outcomes. Of the factors that influence girls’ pubertal timing, stress experienced during childhood has been found to advance age at menarche (AAM). However, it is not known if stress experienced by mothers during or in the months before conception can be similarly associated with earlier pubertal timing. Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is associated with metabolic changes, such as increased childhood adiposity and risk of obesity, that have been associated with earlier menarchal age. Using a prospective longitudinal design, the present study tested whether PNMS induced by a natural disaster is either directly associated with earlier AAM, or whether there is an indirect association mediated through increased girls’ body mass index (BMI) during childhood. A total of 31 girls, whose mothers were exposed to the Quebec’s January 1998 ice storm during pregnancy were followed from 6 months to 5 1/2 to 5.5 years of age. Mother’s stress was measured within 6 months of the storm. BMI was measured at 5.5 years, and AAM was assessed through teen’s self-report at 13.5 and 15.5 years of age. Results revealed that greater BMI at 5.5 years mediated the effect of PNMS on decreasing AAM [B=−0.059, 95% confidence intervals (−0.18, −0.0035)]. The present study is the first to demonstrate that maternal experience of stressful conditions during pregnancy reduces AAM in the offspring through its effects on childhood BMI. Future research should consider the impact of AAM on other measures of reproductive ability.

scholarly journals Prenatal maternal stress and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nicla Manzari ◽  
Karen Matvienko-Sikar ◽  
Franco Baldoni ◽  
Gerard W. O'Keeffe ◽  
Ali S. Khashan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Background: Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is defined as the experience of significant levels of prenatal stress, depression or anxiety during pregnancy. PNMS has been associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in exposed offspring. However, these findings are inconsistent and other studies found no association, meaning a clear consensus on the impact of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk is required. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and critically review the existing literature on the effects of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk. Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE) will be searched for articles following a detailed search strategy. We will include cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies that assessed maternal exposure to psychological and/or environmental stress and had ASD or ADHD as an outcome. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts and full articles to identify eligible studies. We will use a standardised data extraction form for extracting data and a bias classification tool for assessing study quality. This systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The generic inverse variance method will be used if possible to perform meta-analyses. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study because it will not involve the conduct or inclusion of any experimental or personal data that would require informed consent.  The systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084222.

scholarly journals Prenatal maternal stress and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicla Manzari ◽  
Karen Matvienko-Sikar ◽  
Franco Baldoni ◽  
Gerard W. O'Keeffe ◽  
Ali S. Khashan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Background: Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is defined as the experience of significant levels of prenatal stress, depression or anxiety during pregnancy. PNMS has been associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in exposed offspring. However, these findings are inconsistent and other studies found no association, meaning a clear consensus on the impact of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk is required. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and critically review the existing literature on the effects of PNMS on ASD and ADHD risk. Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE) will be searched for articles following a detailed search strategy. We will include cohort and case-control studies that assessed maternal exposure to psychological and/or environmental stress and had ASD or ADHD as an outcome. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts and full articles to identify eligible studies. We will use a standardised data extraction form for extracting data and a bias classification tool for assessing study quality. This systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The generic inverse variance method will be used if possible to perform meta-analyses. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study because it will not involve the conduct or inclusion of any experimental or personal data that would require informed consent.  The systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084222.

scholarly journals DNA methylation mediates the impact of exposure to prenatal maternal stress on BMI and central adiposity in children at age 13½ years: Project Ice Storm

Epigenetics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 749-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Cao-Lei ◽  
Kelsey N Dancause ◽  
Guillaume Elgbeili ◽  
Renaud Massart ◽  
Moshe Szyf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
The Impact

The impact of prenatal maternal stress due to potentially traumatic events on child temperament: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayra C. Rodríguez‐Soto ◽  
Carmen J. Buxó ◽  
Evangelia Morou‐Bermudez ◽  
Koraly Pérez‐Edgar ◽  
Idanara T. Ocasio‐Quiñones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
The Impact

Prenatal maternal stress shapes children’s theory of mind: the QF2011 Queensland Flood Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Simcock ◽  
S. Kildea ◽  
G. Elgbeili ◽  
D. P. Laplante ◽  
V. Cobham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
In Pregnancy

Research shows that stress in pregnancy has powerful and enduring effects on many facets of child development, including increases in behavior problems and neurodevelopmental disorders. Theory of mind is an important aspect of child development that is predictive of successful social functioning and is impaired in children with autism. A number of factors related to individual differences in theory of mind have been identified, but whether theory of mind development is shaped by prenatal events has not yet been examined. In this study we utilized a sudden onset flood that occurred in Queensland, Australia in 2011 to examine whether disaster-related prenatal maternal stress predicts child theory of mind and whether sex of the child or timing of the stressor in pregnancy moderates these effects. Higher levels of flood-related maternal subjective stress, but not objective hardship, predicted worse theory of mind at 30 months (n=130). Further, maternal cognitive appraisal of the flood moderated the effects of stress in pregnancy on girls’ theory of mind performance but not boys’. These results illuminate how stress in pregnancy can shape child development and the findings are discussed in relation to biological mechanisms in pregnancy and stress theory.

scholarly journals Manipulating Levels of Socially Evaluative Threat and the Impact on Anticipatory Stress Reactivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia A. Craw ◽  
Michael A. Smith ◽  
Mark A. Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Sampling Window ◽  
Indirect Evaluation ◽  
Stress Responding ◽  
Assessment Window ◽  
The Impact

Previous work suggests that relative increases in socially evaluative threat modulate the psychobiological stress response. However, few studies have compared stressors which manipulate the level of socially evaluative threat to which the participant is exposed. Here we present two studies. In the first, we assessed the integrity of an ecologically valid, laboratory stressor (direct socially evaluated multitasking) and its effects on acute psychobiological reactivity and ability to evoke an anticipatory response prior to participation. Specifically, we assessed whether the expectation and experience of direct social evaluation (multitasking while standing and facing an evaluator) evokes greater reactivity than indirect evaluation (over-the-shoulder evaluation). In the second study, we sought to replicate the findings regarding acute stress reactivity whilst extending the assessment window to assess the extent to which the stressor evokes anticipatory responses. As hypothesized, greater reactivity was observed following direct social evaluation compared with indirect observation. Increases in anxiety, heart rate and blood pressure were demonstrated across both studies and the paradigm therefore provides an ecologically valid technique for the activation of psychological and cardiovascular stress responding. Additionally, anticipation of experiencing socially evaluated multitasking led to increases in anxiety, tension, and worry prior to the event itself, supporting previous suggestions that threat anticipation may prolong the activation of stress mechanisms. In the present studies we assessed whether the expectation and experience of direct social evaluation evokes greater reactivity than indirect evaluation. The findings have demonstrated that direct social evaluation of multitasking is a more potent stressor than multitasking with indirect evaluation. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the period of anticipation of stressful events may be critical to understanding the process of stress regulation, and as such we recommend extending the sampling window to allow for the investigation of these processes.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials and clinical research: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 878-887
Author(s):  
Brijesh Sathian ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
Indrajit Banerjee ◽  
Ana Beatriz Pizarro ◽  
Bedanta Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Background: The World Health Organization has reported more than 31,186,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), including 962,343 deaths, worldwide as on September 21, 2020. The current COVID-19 pandemic is affecting clinical research activities in most parts of the world. The focus on developing  a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 and the treatment of COVID-19 is, in fact, disrupting many upcoming and/or ongoing clinical trials on other diseases around the globe. On March 18, 2020, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an updated guideline for the conduct of clinical trials during the current health emergency situation. The potential challenges, such as social distancing and quarantines, result in study participants’ inaccessibility and trial personnel for in-person scheduled study visits and/or follow-up. Due to the sudden onset and wide-spread impact of COVID-19, its influence on the management of clinical trials and research necessitates urgent attention. Therefore, our systematic review of the literature aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the conduction of clinical trials and research. The search for the relevant articles for review included the keywords "COVID-19” AND "clinical trial" in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Google scholar and Google electronic databases. Key findings include: delaying subject enrollment and operational gaps in most ongoing clinical trials, which in turn has a negative impact on trial programmes and data integrity. Globally, most sites conducting clinical trials other than COVID-19 are experiencing a delay in timelines and a complete halt of operations in lieu of this pandemic, thus affecting clinical research outcomes.

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